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Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on the...
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Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on the Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability Perspective

A special issue of Land (ISSN 2073-445X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2022) | Viewed by 37049

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Dong Jiang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Interests: overall optimization for the Production–living–ecological (PLE) space; remote sensing applications for resources and environment; spatio-temporal simulation for the potential and benefit of renewable energy resources
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Jinwei Dong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Interests: remote sensing of global change; land cover and land use change; integrated monitoring and assessment of terrestrial ecosystem
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Gang Lin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Interests: land use classification and evolvement based on the Production–living–ecological (PLE) Perspective; resource utilization and its environmental impact; water-energy nexus
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleague,

Land use affects regional sustainable development in many aspects, so insight into its influence is of great importance for the optimisation of national space. With the rapid economic growth and the accelerating industrialization, there has been a noticeable increase in the contention and conflict between various land uses. For example, the expansion of urban and industrial land has occupied a large amount of high-quality farmland, leading to serious contradictions between socioeconomic development and cultivated land resources protection. Solving these problems has thus become an important scientific proposition for regional sustainable development in the field of human-economic geography. Based on the widely recognized development goals for productivity, sustainability, and livability perspectives, a scientific classification system, spatial conflict detection and multi-objective optimization of land use functions (LUFs) have provided an efficient means for land use planning and management, sparking extensive attention of researchers and policymakers. For example, Production-living-ecological space (PLE), the shortened form for productive space (PS), living space (LS), and ecological space (ES), is reclassified considering both land use functions and utilization types based on the productivity, sustainability, and livability perspective. First proposed by the Chinese Government Report in 2012, it has made prominent contributions to improving the protection system of spatial development while implementing major function-oriented zoning at all scales. Successful implementation in China proves that PLE contains promotional value to provide support for space use allocation, land use conflict management, and sustainable development. However, compared to the literature available in functional classification and identification based on the productivity, sustainability, and livability perspectives, it is surprising that very few among the increasing number of papers dealing with LUFs are devoted to its conflict detection and multi-objective optimization with land-use planning, which has left many significant questions unanswered. There were few reports on integrated research that especially lack international practical application. Thus, the theoretical research and practical applications of multi-functional complex of land use still need to be further refined.

This Special Issue entitled “Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability Perspectives” mainly focuses on the functional classification, spatial conflict detection, and spatial development pattern optimization based on the productivity, sustainability, and livability perspectives, presenting a relevant opportunity for all scholars to share their knowledge from the multidisciplinary community across the world, including landscape ecologists, social scientists, and geographers. Further progress in theoretical research and practical applications on the scientific classification system towards productivity, sustainability, and livability, such as PLE classification of China, are welcome. We also seek integrative studies regarding suitability evaluation, optimized mode of the multi-functional land-use systems, to meet the target of geographical space optimization and regional sustainable development.

Prof. Dr. Dong Jiang
Prof. Dr. Jinwei Dong
Dr. Gang Lin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Land is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • production-living-ecological spaces (PLE)
  • spatial conflict classification
  • multi-functional dynamic evolution
  • multi-objective optimization
  • machine learning methods
  • land use model

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (11 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 10436 KiB  
Article
Spatio-Temporal Pattern and Conflict Identification of Production–Living–Ecological Space in the Yellow River Basin
by Furui Xi, Runping Wang, Jusong Shi, Jinde Zhang, Yang Yu, Na Wang and Zhiyi Wang
Land 2022, 11(5), 744; https://doi.org/10.3390/land11050744 - 18 May 2022
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 2765
Abstract
Production–living–ecological space (PLES) is the main body of the optimization of the development and protection pattern of territorial space, and the spatial conflict in PLES reflects a struggle for ecological protection and socio-economic development in the process of spatial development and utilization. The [...] Read more.
Production–living–ecological space (PLES) is the main body of the optimization of the development and protection pattern of territorial space, and the spatial conflict in PLES reflects a struggle for ecological protection and socio-economic development in the process of spatial development and utilization. The Yellow River Basin is one of the most concentrated and prominent areas of spatial conflict of PLES in China. Therefore, clarifying the spatio-temporal pattern of PLES of the region and scientifically identifying the characteristics of its spatial conflict will significantly improve the efficiency of comprehensive utilization of spatial resources, promote the integrated and orderly development of resource elements in the basin, and eventually achieve the strategic goals of ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. In this research, the CA–Markov model was applied to simulate the spatio-temporal pattern of PLES in the Yellow River Basin from 2010 to 2025, and the landscape ecology method was adopted to construct the spatial conflict of the PLES measurement model for identifying the spatio-temporal trends of conflicts and their intensity. The results reveal that, from 2010 to 2025, ecological–production space (EPS) dominates the PLES in the Yellow River Basin, as its total area remains stable amid fluctuations; living–production space (LPS) shows the most notable change, as it grows yearly along with urbanization and industrialization process of the region; the transition between ecological–production space (EPS) and production–ecological space (PES) is the most frequent, and the two also account for the largest area. Spatial conflict of PLES in the Yellow River Basin is mainly reflected in the encroachment of LPS on other PLES, concentrated in the regions from Hekou Town to the left bank of Longmen, Fen River, Shizuishan to the southern bank of Hekou Town, and Daxia River and Tao River in the Yellow River Basin. From 2010 to 2025, the space conflict composite index of PLES (SCCI) of most regions in the basin lies within 0.7, which is a stable or basically controllable level. Among the 29 tertiary water resource divisions in the Yellow River Basin, the SCCI of 15 indicate a major, decreasing trend. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on the Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability Perspective)
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20 pages, 11867 KiB  
Article
Land-Use Classifying and Identification of the Production-Living-Ecological Space of Island Villages—A Case Study of Islands in the Western Sea Area of Guangdong Province
by Rui Bai, Ying Shi and Ying Pan
Land 2022, 11(5), 705; https://doi.org/10.3390/land11050705 - 8 May 2022
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2445
Abstract
Accurately identifying the rural production-living-ecological space (PLES) of different islands can help reveal their distinct natural resources and land-use situations, which is significant for the sorted management, subarea utilization, and protection of islands. At present, studies on the PLES of island villages are [...] Read more.
Accurately identifying the rural production-living-ecological space (PLES) of different islands can help reveal their distinct natural resources and land-use situations, which is significant for the sorted management, subarea utilization, and protection of islands. At present, studies on the PLES of island villages are deficient. For instance, the existing land-use classification system is incomplete; the PLES is poorly identified; and the dominant function of multiple land-use types based on different island geomorphology types is insufficiently investigated. Therefore, a case study was conducted on the island villages of the western sea area of Guangdong Province, based on remote sensing, spatial analysis, and land classification, with field research and the relevant data. In this study, before establishing the PLES system, the islands were classified, including six bedrock islands, 10 sedimentary islands, and one volcanic island. When the PLES system of the island villages was classified, the ecological and utilized areas of the intertidal zone and neritic region should be combined with the island–continent part, and the distinct industrial types should be emphasized, before forming 22 secondary types of PLES. Furthermore, it is found that each island generally has its own dominant space and land-use type. Ecological space (ES) dominates the bedrock islands, and production space (PS) is prominent for sedimentary islands and volcanic islands. Forestland, aquaculture pond, and dryland are the prominent land-use types for bedrock islands, sedimentary islands, and volcanic islands, respectively. The rural residential lands are the main component of living space (LS) in all islands, and the most urban residential lands are distributed on the bedrock islands. The main driving factors for the formation and distribution of island rural PLES are the altitudinal gradient and geomorphic characteristics. The research shows that the main problems of PLES are that the intertidal zones are threatened by aquaculture ponds at various levels, and the development of LS in these islands is generally backward. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on the Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability Perspective)
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21 pages, 4453 KiB  
Article
Optimization of Production–Living–Ecological Space in National Key Poverty-Stricken City of Southwest China
by Di Wang, Jingying Fu and Dong Jiang
Land 2022, 11(3), 411; https://doi.org/10.3390/land11030411 - 11 Mar 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2552
Abstract
Trade-offs and conflicts among different sectors of production, living, and ecology have become important issues in regional sustainable development planning due to both the versatility and limitation of land resources, especially in poverty-stricken mountainous areas. This study builds an optimization model to assist [...] Read more.
Trade-offs and conflicts among different sectors of production, living, and ecology have become important issues in regional sustainable development planning due to both the versatility and limitation of land resources, especially in poverty-stricken mountainous areas. This study builds an optimization model to assist policymakers in simulating land demand and allocation in the future. The model takes socioeconomic and demographic development into consideration and couples local planning policy with land use data from the perspective of system integration. The model was employed for a case study of Zhaotong city to optimize production–living–ecological (PLE) space. The results show that the model provides a feasible method to explore the sustainable development pattern of territorial space, especially in distressed regions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on the Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability Perspective)
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28 pages, 6348 KiB  
Article
Units of Military Fortification Complex as Phenomenon Elements of the Czech Borderlands Landscape
by Jiří Kupka, Adéla Brázdová and Jana Vodová
Land 2022, 11(1), 79; https://doi.org/10.3390/land11010079 - 5 Jan 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2275
Abstract
This paper is focused on selected units of casemates with enhanced fortification in the military fortification complex of the Czech borderlands landscape as specific forms of brownfields. They represent a functional system that interacts with surrounding nature, landscape character, and human society. Four [...] Read more.
This paper is focused on selected units of casemates with enhanced fortification in the military fortification complex of the Czech borderlands landscape as specific forms of brownfields. They represent a functional system that interacts with surrounding nature, landscape character, and human society. Four approaches were chosen to study the function and potential of selected individual abandoned casemates with enhanced fortification, where each of them corresponds to one of the four landscape layers: genius loci, socio-economic sphere, functional relationship (between human and the landscape), and natural conditions. There is a corresponding research method for each of the landscape layers (guided interview with respondents, data analysis on abandoned casemates with enhanced fortifications as brownfields, analysis of their landscape functions, and zoological survey of interior). The main results could show that abandoned casemates with enhanced fortifications can play important roles in all landscape layers: stories and genius loci, abandoned casemates with enhanced fortification as a special type of military brownfield but also as a semi-natural ecosystem, and the same time as a habitat for invertebrates. The analyses and surveys conducted clearly demonstrate that abandoned casemates with enhanced fortification as units of military fortification complex of the Czech borderlands landscape perform several hidden important functions in the landscape for which they cannot be viewed as brownfields. This hidden functional potential is most likely best described by the concept of hidden singularity, which offers itself for integration into basic approaches to brownfields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on the Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability Perspective)
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18 pages, 3642 KiB  
Article
Land Use Optimization and Simulation of Low-Carbon-Oriented—A Case Study of Jinhua, China
by Shiqi Huang, Furui Xi, Yiming Chen, Ming Gao, Xu Pan and Ci Ren
Land 2021, 10(10), 1020; https://doi.org/10.3390/land10101020 - 28 Sep 2021
Cited by 31 | Viewed by 3092
Abstract
Land-use change is an important contributor to atmospheric carbon emissions. Taking Jinhua city in eastern China as an example, this study analyzed the effects on carbon emissions by land-use changes from 2005 to 2018. Then, carbon emissions that will be produced in Jinhua [...] Read more.
Land-use change is an important contributor to atmospheric carbon emissions. Taking Jinhua city in eastern China as an example, this study analyzed the effects on carbon emissions by land-use changes from 2005 to 2018. Then, carbon emissions that will be produced in Jinhua in 2030 were predicted based on the land-use pattern predicted by the CA-Markov model. Finally, a low-carbon optimized land-use pattern more consistent with the law of urban development was proposed based on the prediction and planning model used in this study. The results show that (1) from 2005 to 2018, the area of land used for construction in Jinhua continued to increase, while woodland and cultivated land areas decreased. Carbon emissions from land use rose at a high rate. By 2018, carbon emissions had increased by 1.9 times compared to 2015. (2) During the 2010–2015 period, the total concentration of carbon emissions decreased due to decreases in both the rate of growth in construction land and the rate of decline in a woodland area, as well as an adjustment of the energy structure and the use of polluting fertilizer and pesticide treatments. (3) The carbon emissions produced with an optimal land-use pattern in 2030 are predicted to reduce by 19%. The acreage of woodland in Jinhua’s middle basin occupied by construction land and cultivated land is predicted to reduce. The additional construction land will be concentrated around the main axis of the Jinhua-Yiwu metropolitan area and will exhibit a characteristic ribbon-form with more distinct clusters. The optimized land-use pattern is more conducive to carbon reduction and more in line with the strategy of regional development in the study area. The results of this study can be used as technical support to optimize the land-use spatial pattern and reduce urban land’s contribution to carbon emissions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on the Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability Perspective)
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18 pages, 7436 KiB  
Article
Identification of Potential Land-Use Conflicts between Agricultural and Ecological Space in an Ecologically Fragile Area of Southeastern China
by Jing Zhang, Yan Chen, Congmou Zhu, Bingbing Huang and Muye Gan
Land 2021, 10(10), 1011; https://doi.org/10.3390/land10101011 - 26 Sep 2021
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 2700
Abstract
In the context of ensuring national food security, high-intensity agricultural production and construction activities have aggravated the conflicts between agricultural and ecological spaces in ecologically fragile areas, which have become one of the most important factors hindering regional sustainable development. This study took [...] Read more.
In the context of ensuring national food security, high-intensity agricultural production and construction activities have aggravated the conflicts between agricultural and ecological spaces in ecologically fragile areas, which have become one of the most important factors hindering regional sustainable development. This study took Lin’an District, a typical hilly region of southeastern China, as an example. By constructing a landscape ecological risk evaluation model, land-use conflicts between agricultural and ecological spaces were identified, spatial autocorrelation and topographic gradient characteristics were analyzed, and land-use conflict trade-off mechanisms were proposed. During 2008 and 2018, the degree of land-use conflict in Lin’an District displayed an increasing trend, and the proportion of severe conflicts increased obviously. Slope is the main factor affecting land-use conflicts in a hilly region and shows a negative correlation, mainly because areas with flat terrain are more conducive to human activities. Based on the characteristics of land-use conflicts in Lin’an District, conflict trade-off mechanisms were proposed to provide a theoretical basis and practical support for land-use conflict management. Our study provides scientific evidence for sustainable land-use planning and ecological management in ecologically fragile areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on the Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability Perspective)
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14 pages, 2499 KiB  
Article
Land Use Multi-Suitability, Land Resource Scarcity and Diversity of Human Needs: A New Framework for Land Use Conflict Identification
by Guanglong Dong, Yibing Ge, Haiwei Jia, Chuanzhun Sun and Senyuan Pan
Land 2021, 10(10), 1003; https://doi.org/10.3390/land10101003 - 23 Sep 2021
Cited by 45 | Viewed by 4839
Abstract
Land use conflicts are intensifying due to the rapid urbanization and accelerated transformation of social and economic development. Accurate identification of land use conflicts is an important prerequisite for resolving land use conflicts and optimizing the spatial pattern of land use. Previous studies [...] Read more.
Land use conflicts are intensifying due to the rapid urbanization and accelerated transformation of social and economic development. Accurate identification of land use conflicts is an important prerequisite for resolving land use conflicts and optimizing the spatial pattern of land use. Previous studies on land use conflict using multi-objective evaluation methods mainly focused on the suitability or competitiveness of land use, ignoring land resource scarcity and the diversity of human needs, hence reducing the accuracy of land use conflict identification. This paper proposes a new framework for land use conflict identification. Considering land use multi-suitability, land resource scarcity and the diversity of human needs, the corresponding evaluation index system was constructed, respectively, and the linear weighted sum model was used to calculate the land use conflict index. Taking Jinan as the study area, the spatial distribution characteristics of land use conflicts are accurately identified and analyzed. The results show that: (1) Land use multi-suitability in Shanghe county and Jiyang district is high, but the intensity of land use conflict is not. This indicates that land use multi-suitability is the premise and basis of land use conflict, but it is not the only determinant, which is consistent with our hypothesis. (2) Land use conflicts in Jinan were dominant by medium conflict, accounting for 43.89% of the conflicts, while strong and weak land use conflicts accounted for 25.21% and 30.90% of the conflicts, respectively. The spatial distribution of land use conflicts is obviously different, with high conflicts in the north and low conflicts in the south. Strong land use conflicts are concentrated in the urban and rural transition zones of Tianqiao, Huaiyin and Shizhong districts and in the northern parts of Licheng and Zhangqiu districts. (3) Inefficient land use and land resource waste aggravated regional land use conflicts in Licheng and Zhangqiu districts. (4) The new framework for land use conflict identification proposed in this study can accurately identify land use conflicts, providing a scientific reference and new ideas for accurate identification of land use conflicts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on the Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability Perspective)
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17 pages, 3898 KiB  
Article
Optimizing the Production-Living-Ecological Space for Reducing the Ecosystem Services Deficit
by Xinxin Fu, Xiaofeng Wang, Jitao Zhou and Jiahao Ma
Land 2021, 10(10), 1001; https://doi.org/10.3390/land10101001 - 23 Sep 2021
Cited by 34 | Viewed by 3034
Abstract
With rapid urbanization and industrialization, China’s metropolises have undergone a huge shift in land use, which has had a profound impact on the ecological environment. Accordingly, the contradictions between regional production, living, and ecological spaces have intensified. The study of the optimization of [...] Read more.
With rapid urbanization and industrialization, China’s metropolises have undergone a huge shift in land use, which has had a profound impact on the ecological environment. Accordingly, the contradictions between regional production, living, and ecological spaces have intensified. The study of the optimization of production-living-ecological space (PLES) is crucial for the sustainable use of land resources and regional socio-economic development. However, research on the optimization of land patterns based on PLES is still being explored, and a unified technical framework for integrated optimization has yet to be developed. Ecosystem services (ES), as a bridge between people and nature, provide a vehicle for the interlinking of elements of the human-land system coupling. The integration of ES supply and demand into ecosystem assessments can enhance the policy relevance and practical application of the ES concept in land management and is also conducive to achieving ecological security and safeguarding human well-being. In this study, an integrated framework comprising four core steps was developed to optimize the PLES in such a way that all ecosystem services are in surplus as far as possible. It was also applied to a case study in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin. A regression analysis between ES and PLES was used to derive equilibrium thresholds for the supply and demand of ES. The ternary phase diagram method was used to determine the direction and magnitude of the optimization of the PLES, and finally, the corresponding optimization recommendations were made at different scales. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on the Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability Perspective)
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19 pages, 6063 KiB  
Article
Identification and Optimization of Production-Living-Ecological Space in an Ecological Foundation Area in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River: A Case Study of Jiangjin District of Chongqing, China
by Hongji Chen, Qingyuan Yang, Kangchuan Su, Haozhe Zhang, Dan Lu, Hui Xiang and Lulu Zhou
Land 2021, 10(8), 863; https://doi.org/10.3390/land10080863 - 17 Aug 2021
Cited by 40 | Viewed by 3571
Abstract
The identification of regional production-living-ecological space (PLES) is the basic work for the optimization of territorial space, which can point to the direction for the protection, utilization and restoration of regional territorial space. Identification and optimization of PLES in an ecological foundation area [...] Read more.
The identification of regional production-living-ecological space (PLES) is the basic work for the optimization of territorial space, which can point to the direction for the protection, utilization and restoration of regional territorial space. Identification and optimization of PLES in an ecological foundation area in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is of great significance for ensuring national ecological security and promoting sustainable social development. In this study, Jiangjin District, located at the tail of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, was selected as a case study. Moreover, based on the land use data of the study area in 2018, the coordination among production, living and ecological functions are analyzed, and the PLES is identified by using the evaluation method of land production-living-ecological function (PLEF) and the coupling coordination degree model. Then, we formulated an optimized zoning scheme of the PLES according to the principles of ecological priority, area advantage and coordinated development. The results show that (1) The living function and production function presented obvious spatial consistency in the study area, while the spatial distribution of ecological function and production function presented significant spatial complementarity. (2) Four categories of spatial combinations can be identified in the study area. Overall, the study area presented a national spatial pattern with production-living-ecological balanced space (PLEBS) and ecological space (ES) as the main body. (3) The PLES in the study area can be divided into four categories. The ecological function should be determined by the ecological conservation area as the primary responsibility, and the comprehensive improvement zone should further improve the coupling and coordination relationship among the PLEF. Moreover, the main production-living and ecological improvement zone and the main production-ecological and living improvement zone should realize the coordinated development of the PLES on the basis of strengthening the leading function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on the Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability Perspective)
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13 pages, 10488 KiB  
Article
Production–Living–Ecological Conflict Identification Using a Multiscale Integration Model Based on Spatial Suitability Analysis and Sustainable Development Evaluation: A Case Study of Ningbo, China
by Gang Lin, Jingying Fu and Dong Jiang
Land 2021, 10(4), 383; https://doi.org/10.3390/land10040383 - 7 Apr 2021
Cited by 43 | Viewed by 3692
Abstract
Production–living–ecological space (PLES) basically covers the scope of spatial activities in people’s material production and spiritual life and is the basic carrier of human social development and economic activities. The coordinated development of PLES is an effective method to mitigate land-use conflicts to [...] Read more.
Production–living–ecological space (PLES) basically covers the scope of spatial activities in people’s material production and spiritual life and is the basic carrier of human social development and economic activities. The coordinated development of PLES is an effective method to mitigate land-use conflicts to achieve balanced and coordinated development of the region. However, so far, compared with the single-scale study based on administrative unit, the PLES conflicts between microcosmic grid-scale receives less attention. Considering the important scale problems of the geographical study, this study aims to analyze the synergetic degree of PLES under different scales (administrative-unit, grid, and integrated multiscale) and to scientifically diagnose land use conflicts in Ningbo, China. Results indicated that production land and ecological land in Ningbo were continuously occupied by human activities from 2010 to 2018. The lowest and lower suitability areas of ecological space in Ningbo increased from 2010 to 2018. Land ecological suitability was seriously affected by urban expansion, its ecological value was reduced, and the PLES developed towards the trend of being uncoordinated. Multiscale coupling analysis showed that the PLES in Ningbo was in less conflict on the whole, but with the development of the economy, the coupling coordination degree of PLES was also damaged. This study establishes the different scales of a PLES coupling coordination development degree evaluation index system and enriches the methods of multiscale land use fusion conflict diagnosis and also provides a scientific reference for the optimized and sustainable development of regional territorial space. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on the Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability Perspective)
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Review

Jump to: Research

15 pages, 577 KiB  
Review
A Review on the Overall Optimization of Production–Living–Ecological Space: Theoretical Basis and Conceptual Framework
by Gang Lin, Dong Jiang, Jingying Fu and Yi Zhao
Land 2022, 11(3), 345; https://doi.org/10.3390/land11030345 - 25 Feb 2022
Cited by 58 | Viewed by 4020
Abstract
The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the optimization of territorial space development patterns as the primary measure of ecological civilization construction, and put forward the goal of “promoting intensive and efficient production space, livable and moderate living [...] Read more.
The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the optimization of territorial space development patterns as the primary measure of ecological civilization construction, and put forward the goal of “promoting intensive and efficient production space, livable and moderate living space, and beautiful (picturesque scenery) ecological space”. Through literature research and summing induction, this paper combs the research progress of the overall optimization of “Production–Living–Ecological” space (PLES) systematically. It is found that the existing work mainly focuses on the overall optimization of PLES from the perspectives of land-use quality, land-use suitability evaluation, resource and environmental carrying capacity, and comparative advantages. However, due to the lack of understanding of the scientific connotation of PLES, and the imperfect construction of quantitative identification methods and classification system, there are many problems in the technical approaches of the overall optimization of PLES, which remain to be clarified. In the future, the technological approach to the overall optimization of PLES should be guided by the vision of building a beautiful China, with the theory of a human–Earth coupling system as the core, and systematically build a theoretical system and technical framework to identify and optimize territorial space. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on the Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability Perspective)
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