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Life
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Regeneration: Biology and Medicine
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Regeneration: Biology and Medicine

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 May 2022) | Viewed by 14971

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Andrey Elchaninov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
Interests: regeneration; liver; macrophages; monocytes; Kupffer cells
Dr. Timur Fatkhudinov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia
Interests: mesenchimal stem cells; neuronal progenitor cells; polymer films; regenerative medicine
Prof. Dr. Egor Yu. Plotnikov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Interests: acute kidney injury; renal progenitor cells; mitochondria; mesenchymal stromal cells; inflammation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The role of regeneration in the maintenance of life and the normal functioning of the organism is hard to overestimate. Usually, researchers distinguish two types of regeneration: physiological and reparative. However, the interconnection of these two types is poorly understood. Physiological regeneration is based on proliferation, cellular polyploidy, hypertrophy, and intracellular organelle renewal. A classic example of a reparative type is limb regeneration in amphibians. Regeneration in hydra and planaria has historically been used as examples of classical reparative regeneration; however, it needs to be studied in other models, including mammals. Despite the greater variety of reparative regeneration forms—the participation of macrophages, cellular dedifferentiation, activation of progenitor cells in the damaged organ—all regeneration mechanisms have common features. Macrophages are key players in tissue homeostasis. More and more research is now directed towards reprogramming macrophages to stimulate regeneration. Regenerative medicine is undergoing a surge in research with the discovery of embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells and the study of their role in the repair of damaged tissue. In this regard, this Special Issue proposes to provide data on the mechanisms of regeneration of vertebrates and invertebrates. Given the importance of the topic, in addition to fundamental works, the submission of applied works on methods of stimulating regeneration using stem cells, methods of tissue and genetic engineering, and cellular technologies is encouraged.

Dr. Andrey Elchaninov
Dr. Timur Fatkhudinov
Prof. Dr. Egor Yu. Plotnikov
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • physiological and reparative regeneration
  • regenerative medicine
  • cell proliferation
  • regeneration of vertebrates and invertebrates
  • stem cells

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 6624 KiB  
Article
A Comparison of the Capacity of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Cartilage Regeneration Depending on Collagen-Based Injectable Biomimetic Scaffold Type
by Victor I. Sevastianov, Yulia B. Basok, Ludmila A. Kirsanova, Alexey M. Grigoriev, Alexandra D. Kirillova, Evgeniy A. Nemets, Anastasia M. Subbot and Sergey V. Gautier
Life 2021, 11(8), 756; https://doi.org/10.3390/life11080756 - 27 Jul 2021
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2435
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown a high potential for cartilage repair. Collagen-based scaffolds are used to deliver and retain cells at the site of cartilage damage. The aim of the work was a comparative analysis of the capacity of the MSCs from [...] Read more.
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown a high potential for cartilage repair. Collagen-based scaffolds are used to deliver and retain cells at the site of cartilage damage. The aim of the work was a comparative analysis of the capacity of the MSCs from human adipose tissue to differentiate into chondrocytes in vitro and to stimulate the regeneration of articular cartilage in an experimental model of rabbit knee osteoarthrosis when cultured on microheterogenic collagen-based hydrogel (MCH) and the microparticles of decellularized porcine articular cartilage (DPC). The morphology of samples was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and histological staining methods. On the surface of the DPC, the cells were distributed more uniformly than on the MCH surface. On day 28, the cells cultured on the DPC produced glycosaminoglycans more intensely compared to the MCH with the synthesis of collagen type II. However, in the experimental model of osteoarthrosis, the stimulation of the cartilage regeneration was more effective when the MSCs were administered to the MCH carrier. The present study demonstrates the way to regulate the action of the MSCs in the area of cartilage regeneration: the MCH is more conducive to stimulating cartilage repair by the MSCs, while the DPC is an inducer for a formation of a cartilage-like tissue by the MSCs in vitro. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Regeneration: Biology and Medicine)
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15 pages, 2543 KiB  
Article
Intracellular Development of Resident Cardiac Stem Cells: An Overlooked Phenomenon in Myocardial Self-Renewal and Regeneration
by Galina Belostotskaya, Dmitry Sonin and Michael Galagudza
Life 2021, 11(8), 723; https://doi.org/10.3390/life11080723 - 21 Jul 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2027
Abstract
At present, the approaches aimed at increasing myocardial regeneration after infarction are not available. The key question is the identity of cells capable of producing functional cardiac myocytes (CMs), replenishing those lost during ischemia. With identification of resident cardiac stem cells (CSCs), it [...] Read more.
At present, the approaches aimed at increasing myocardial regeneration after infarction are not available. The key question is the identity of cells capable of producing functional cardiac myocytes (CMs), replenishing those lost during ischemia. With identification of resident cardiac stem cells (CSCs), it has been supposed that this cell population may be crucial for myocardial self-renewal and regeneration. In the last few years, the focus has been shifted towards another concept, implying that new CMs are produced by dedifferentiation and proliferation of mature CMs. The observation that CSCs can undergo development inside immature cardiac cells by formation of “cell-in-cell structures” (CICSs) has enabled us to conclude that encapsulated CICSs are implicated in mammalian cardiomyogenesis over the entire lifespan. Earlier we demonstrated that new CMs are produced through formation of CSC-derived transitory amplifying cells (TACs) either in the CM colonies or inside encapsulated CICSs. In this study, we described the phenomenon of CSC penetration into mature CMs, resulting in the formation of vacuole-like CICSs (or non-encapsulated CICSs) containing proliferating CSCs with subsequent differentiation of CSC progeny into TACs and their release. In addition, we compared the phenotypes of TACs derived from encapsulated and non-encapsulated CICSs developing in immature and mature CMs, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Regeneration: Biology and Medicine)
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Review

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15 pages, 2712 KiB  
Review
Spleen: Reparative Regeneration and Influence on Liver
by Andrey Elchaninov, Polina Vishnyakova, Gennady Sukhikh and Timur Fatkhudinov
Life 2022, 12(5), 626; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12050626 - 22 Apr 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5528
Abstract
This review considers experimental findings on splenic repair, obtained in two types of small animal (mouse, rat, and rabbit) models: splenic resections and autologous transplantations of splenic tissue. Resection experiments indicate that the spleen is able to regenerate, though not necessarily to the [...] Read more.
This review considers experimental findings on splenic repair, obtained in two types of small animal (mouse, rat, and rabbit) models: splenic resections and autologous transplantations of splenic tissue. Resection experiments indicate that the spleen is able to regenerate, though not necessarily to the initial volume. The recovery lasts one month and preserves the architecture, albeit with an increase in the relative volume of lymphoid follicles. The renovated tissues, however, exhibit skewed functional profiles; notably, the decreased production of antibodies and the low cytotoxic activity of T cells, consistent with the decline of T-dependent zones and prolonged reduction in T cell numbers. Species–specific differences are evident as well, with the post-repair organ mass deficiency most pronounced in rabbit models. Autotransplantations of splenic material are of particular clinical interest, as the procedure can possibly mitigate the development of post-splenectomy syndrome. Under these conditions, regeneration lasts 1–2 months, depending on the species. The transplants effectively destroy senescent erythrocytes, assist in microbial clearance, and produce antibodies, thus averting sepsis and bacterial pneumonia. Meanwhile, cellular sources of splenic recovery in such models remain obscure, as well as the time required for T and B cell number reconstitution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Regeneration: Biology and Medicine)
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14 pages, 303 KiB  
Review
Current Strategies for Tracheal Replacement: A Review
by Giuseppe Damiano, Vincenzo Davide Palumbo, Salvatore Fazzotta, Francesco Curione, Giulia Lo Monte, Valerio Maria Bartolo Brucato and Attilio Ignazio Lo Monte
Life 2021, 11(7), 618; https://doi.org/10.3390/life11070618 - 25 Jun 2021
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 3620
Abstract
Airway cancers have been increasing in recent years. Tracheal resection is commonly performed during surgery and is burdened from post-operative complications severely affecting quality of life. Tracheal resection is usually carried out in primary tracheal tumors or other neoplasms of the neck region. [...] Read more.
Airway cancers have been increasing in recent years. Tracheal resection is commonly performed during surgery and is burdened from post-operative complications severely affecting quality of life. Tracheal resection is usually carried out in primary tracheal tumors or other neoplasms of the neck region. Regenerative medicine for tracheal replacement using bio-prosthesis is under current research. In recent years, attempts were made to replace and transplant human cadaver trachea. An effective vascular supply is fundamental for a successful tracheal transplantation. The use of biological scaffolds derived from decellularized tissues has the advantage of a three-dimensional structure based on the native extracellular matrix promoting the perfusion, vascularization, and differentiation of the seeded cell typologies. By appropriately modulating some experimental parameters, it is possible to change the characteristics of the surface. The obtained membranes could theoretically be affixed to a decellularized tissue, but, in practice, it needs to ensure adhesion to the biological substrate and/or glue adhesion with biocompatible glues. It is also known that many of the biocompatible glues can be toxic or poorly tolerated and induce inflammatory phenomena or rejection. In tissue and organ transplants, decellularized tissues must not produce adverse immunological reactions and lead to rejection phenomena; at the same time, the transplant tissue must retain the mechanical properties of the original tissue. This review describes the attempts so far developed and the current lines of research in the field of tracheal replacement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Regeneration: Biology and Medicine)
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