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Magnetochemistry
Special Issues
Applications of Magnetic Materials in Water Treatment
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Applications of Magnetic Materials in Water Treatment

A special issue of Magnetochemistry (ISSN 2312-7481). This special issue belongs to the section "Applications of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 5677

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Wei Ding

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
Interests: magnetic adsorbents; magnetic catalyst carriers; magnetic coagulants/flocculants; transition metal coordination chemistry; functional materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Huaili Zheng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
Interests: water treatment; environmental protection; magnetic coagulation; magnetic adsorption; advanced oxidation process; catalyst; self-floating water treatment agent; sludge dewatering; hazardous pollutants' removal
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the field of water treatment materials, the phenomenon of residues is a major constraint for implementing urban wastewater treatment and restoration. Uncontrolled suspensions prolong the sedimentation time and increase operational costs. The application of magnetic fields in water treatment processes has been shown to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of these processes. The presence of a magnetic field can have a significant impact on various aspects of water treatment, including coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration. However, the current theoretical framework mainly focuses on evaluating the efficiency of magnetic materials in water treatment and the role of magnetochemistry throughout the treatment process, without a detailed exploration of its mechanisms. Various experts, including synthetic chemists, physicists, environmentalists, and materials scientists, have been devoted to developing this promising field. They have provided an evidence-based knowledge system demonstrating the effectiveness of magnetic water treatment materials, which has been applied in water treatment operations. This Special Issue is published in the open access journal Magnetochemistry aiming to disclose cutting-edge research articles that have an impact on the application of magnetic nanomaterials in water pollution control. Researchers are invited to submit original research papers on topics such as magnetic catalysts, coagulants/flocculants, adsorbents, etc.

Dr. Wei Ding
Prof. Dr. Huaili Zheng
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Magnetochemistry is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • the enhanced effect of magnetic field on water treatment processes
  • the molecular approaches to the preparation of multifunctional magnetic materials
  • magnetic catalysts/adsorbents
  • magnetic coagulation/ flocculation
  • magnetic separation
  • magnetic precipitator

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 7841 KiB  
Article
Macroscopic and Microscopic Levels of Methylene Blue Adsorption on a Magnetic Bio-Based Adsorbent: In-Depth Study Using Experiments, Advanced Modeling, and Statistical Thermodynamic Analysis
by Mohamed A. Ali, Aliaa M. Badawy, Ali Q. Seliem, Hazem I. Bendary, Eder C. Lima, M. Al-Dossari, N. S. Abd EL-Gawaad, Glaydson S. dos Reis, Mohamed Mobarak, Ali M. Hassan and Moaaz K. Seliem
Magnetochemistry 2024, 10(11), 91; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry10110091 - 20 Nov 2024
Viewed by 363
Abstract
A magnetic bio-based adsorbent derived from H2O2-activated zeolite and turmeric carbohydrate polymer was fabricated, characterized, and utilized in removing methylene blue (MB) dye at pH 8.0 and temperatures between 25 and 55 °C. To understand the molecular-scale adsorption mechanism, [...] Read more.
A magnetic bio-based adsorbent derived from H2O2-activated zeolite and turmeric carbohydrate polymer was fabricated, characterized, and utilized in removing methylene blue (MB) dye at pH 8.0 and temperatures between 25 and 55 °C. To understand the molecular-scale adsorption mechanism, a range of advanced statistical physics models were employed in conjunction with conventional equilibrium models. The as-synthesized biosorbent presented high maximum capacities according to the Langmuir model, with values ranging from 268.67 to 307.73 mg/g. The double-layer equation yielded the best-fitting results to the MB experimental data among the applied statistical physics models. The number of MB molecules ranged from 1.14 to 1.97, suggesting a multi-molecular mechanism with a non-parallel orientation. The main factor affecting the effectiveness of this adsorbent was the density of its functional groups, which varied from 27.7 to 142.1 mg/g. Adsorption energies in the range of 19.22–21.69 kJ/mol were obtained, representing the existence of physical forces like hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions. To complete the macroscopic examination of the MB adsorption mechanism, thermodynamic parameters such as entropy, Gibbs free energy, and internal energy were considered. The adsorption/desorption outcomes up to five cycles displayed the stability of the magnetic biosorbent and its potential for decontaminating industrial effluents. Overall, this work increases our understanding of the MB adsorption mechanism onto the produced biosorbent at the molecular level. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Magnetic Materials in Water Treatment)
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24 pages, 10317 KiB  
Article
Magnetic CuFe2O4 Nanoparticles Immobilized on Modified Rice Husk-Derived Zeolite for Chlorogenic Acid Adsorption
by Tainara Ramos Neves, Letícia Ferreira Lacerda Schildt, Maria Luiza Lopes Sierra e Silva, Vannyla Viktória Viana Vasconcelos, Corrado Di Conzo, Francesco Mura, Marco Rossi, Gaspare Varvaro, Maryam Abdolrahimi, Simone Quaranta, Sandra Aparecida Duarte Ferreira and Elaine Cristina Paris
Magnetochemistry 2024, 10(11), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry10110087 - 4 Nov 2024
Viewed by 909
Abstract
Adsorption has emerged as a promising method for removing polyphenols in water remediation. This work explores chlorogenic acid (CGA) adsorption on zeolite-based magnetic nanocomposites synthesized from rice husk waste. In particular, enhanced adsorbing materials were attained using a hydrothermal zeolite precursor (Z18) synthesized [...] Read more.
Adsorption has emerged as a promising method for removing polyphenols in water remediation. This work explores chlorogenic acid (CGA) adsorption on zeolite-based magnetic nanocomposites synthesized from rice husk waste. In particular, enhanced adsorbing materials were attained using a hydrothermal zeolite precursor (Z18) synthesized from rice husk and possessing a remarkable specific surface area (217.69 m2 g−1). A composite material was prepared by immobilizing magnetic copper ferrite on Z18 (Z18:CuFe2O4) to recover the zeolite adsorbent. In addition, Z18 was modified (Z18 M) with a mixture of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) to improve the affinity towards organic compounds in the final nanocomposite system (Z18 M:CuFe2O4). While the unmodified composite demonstrated inconsequential CGA removal rates, Z18 M:CuFe2O4 could adsorb 89.35% of CGA within the first hour of operation. Z18 M:CuFe2O4 showed no toxicity for seed germination and achieved a mass recovery of 85% (due to a saturation magnetization of 4.1 emu g−1) when an external magnetic field was applied. These results suggest that adsorbing magnetic nanocomposites are amenable to CGA polyphenol removal from wastewater. Furthermore, the reuse, revalorization, and conversion into value-added materials of agro-industrial waste may allow the opportunity to implement sustainability and work towards a circular economy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Magnetic Materials in Water Treatment)
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15 pages, 2255 KiB  
Article
A Novel Magnetic Nano-Adsorbent Functionalized with Green Tea Extract and Magnesium Oxide to Remove Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solutions: Synthesis, Characterization, and Adsorption Behavior
by Wenchao Lin, Yaoyao Huang, Shuang Liu, Wei Ding, Hong Li and Huaili Zheng
Magnetochemistry 2024, 10(5), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry10050031 - 24 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1479
Abstract
In this study, a novel green tea/Mg-functionalized magnetic nano-adsorbent, denoted as GTE-MgO-Fe3O4 NPs, was developed and applied to the extraction of Methylene Blue (MB) from water-based solutions. The GTE-MgO-Fe3O4 NPs were synthesized by incorporating green tea extracts [...] Read more.
In this study, a novel green tea/Mg-functionalized magnetic nano-adsorbent, denoted as GTE-MgO-Fe3O4 NPs, was developed and applied to the extraction of Methylene Blue (MB) from water-based solutions. The GTE-MgO-Fe3O4 NPs were synthesized by incorporating green tea extracts (GTE) and Mg species onto the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles using a hydrothermal method. Characterization analyses corroborated the successful functionalization of the Fe3O4 surface with GTE and Mg species, resulting in a superparamagnetic adsorbent equipped with abundant surface functional groups, which promoted MB adsorption and facilitated magnetic separation. Batch experiments revealed that different operating parameters had an impact on the adsorption behavior, such as adsorbent dosage, pH, coexisting ions, contact time, the initial MB concentration, and temperature. The investigations of adsorption kinetics and isotherms emphasized that the MB adsorption onto GTE-MgO-Fe3O4 NPs was an exothermic process dominated by chemisorption. The experimental adsorption capacity of GTE-MgO-Fe3O4 NPs for MB surpassed 174.93 mg g−1, markedly superior to the performance of numerous other adsorbents. Ultimately, the utilized GTE-MgO-Fe3O4 NPs could be effectively regenerated through acid pickling, retaining over 76% of its original adsorption capacity after six adsorption–desorption cycles, which suggested that GTE-MgO-Fe3O4 NPs was a suitable adsorbent for eliminating MB from effluent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Magnetic Materials in Water Treatment)
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Review

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25 pages, 14872 KiB  
Review
Exploring the Utilization of Magnetic Composite Materials for High-Risk Contaminant Removal from Wastewater by Adsorption and Catalytic Processes—A Review
by Oana-Georgiana Dragos-Pinzaru, Nicoleta Lupu, Horia Chiriac and Gabriela Buema
Magnetochemistry 2024, 10(8), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry10080057 - 14 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1050
Abstract
In the context of waters polluted with different high-risk contaminants, the development of efficient materials able to efficiently clean them is necessary. In the first part, the present review focuses on the ability of various types of magnetic layered double hydroxide materials to [...] Read more.
In the context of waters polluted with different high-risk contaminants, the development of efficient materials able to efficiently clean them is necessary. In the first part, the present review focuses on the ability of various types of magnetic layered double hydroxide materials to act as adsorbents for water contaminated mainly with heavy metals and dyes. Also, this paper reviews the ability of different magnetic layered double hydroxide materials to act as potential adsorbents for the treatment of wastewater contaminated with other types of pollutants, such as pharmaceutical products, phenolic compounds, phytohormones, and fungicides. In the second part, the applicability of the catalytic method for water depollution is explored. Thus, the use of simple or composite materials based on Fe3O4 is reviewed for the purpose of the catalytic degradation of organic compounds (dyes/phenols/pharmaceuticals). At the end, a review of multifunctional materials able to simultaneously neutralize different types of pollutants from wastewater is provided. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Magnetic Materials in Water Treatment)
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15 pages, 1097 KiB  
Review
Research Progress of Magnetic Flocculation in Water Treatment
by Zhihao Hu, Kun Wu, Zihan Wang, Kinjal J. Shah and Yongjun Sun
Magnetochemistry 2024, 10(8), 56; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry10080056 - 7 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1198
Abstract
As people’s material quality of life continues to improve, water resources become subjected to varying degrees of contamination. As one of the most commonly utilised agents in water treatment, a flocculant exhibits a diverse range of forms and a vast scope of applications. [...] Read more.
As people’s material quality of life continues to improve, water resources become subjected to varying degrees of contamination. As one of the most commonly utilised agents in water treatment, a flocculant exhibits a diverse range of forms and a vast scope of applications. However, the application of flocculants gives rise to a series of issues, including the use of large doses, the formation of sludge, the difficulty of recycling flocculants, and other concerns. The development of new flocculation technology has become a crucial step in enhancing the purification of wastewater and reducing environmental pollution. Magnetic flocculation can be classified into two main categories: magnetic seeds flocculation and magnetic flocculation. This paper presents an overview of the factors influencing magnetic flocculation, including the type of magnetic seeds, magnetic seeds particle size, and other pertinent considerations. Furthermore, the classification of magnetic flocculants in the process of magnetic flocculation is discussed. This includes the types of magnetic flocculant, namely, inorganic composite magnetic flocculants, organic composite magnetic flocculants, and biological composite magnetic flocculants. Inorganic composite magnetic flocculants are inexpensive and simple to produce; however, their dosage is considerable, and the resulting floc is not tightly formed, which impairs the efficacy of flocculation. The use of organic composite magnetic flocculants requires a smaller dosage and exhibits a strong flocculating ability; however, it may possess toxic properties and potentially cause harm to the water body. The biological composite magnetic flocculant exhibits high efficiency and no pollution, yet it is subject to stringent environmental conditions, displays poor stability, and is applicable to a relatively limited range of treatment scenarios. Furthermore, the integration of magnetic flocculation technology with other techniques is classified and summarised in diverse contexts, and the prospective research focus and direction of magnetic flocculants are proposed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Magnetic Materials in Water Treatment)
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