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Development and Modification of New or Recycled Materials and Technological Processes toward Sustainable Development (Second Edition)

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Green Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2025 | Viewed by 4007

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Pavol Liptai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Recycling Technologies, Faculty of Materials, Metallurgy and Recycling, Technical University of Košice, Letná 9, 042 00 Kosice, Slovakia
Interests: technological and material innovations; elemental composition of materials; recycling technologies; utilization of recycled materials; measurement techniques for physical parameters; circular economy; sustainable development
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Jaroslav Briančin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Geotechnics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 45, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
Interests: research and development of electroceramic materials; applications of progressive methods in the field of electron microscopy and microanalytical methods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There is currently an intensive discussion ongoing regarding the relationship between sustainable development and circular economy. Even if the relationships between these concepts are not explicitly expressed, it is clear that their common goal is a sustainable society. The basis of this understanding is that natural resources provide input for the production and consumption of materials and products, and at the same time, after the end of their useful life, they serve as a stock of materials in the form of waste. This results in clear dependence on a circular economy, sustainable development, and the quality of the environment.

Important areas related to this are advanced material research as well as technological development, the basis of which is the development and production of sustainable products and processes. The development, modification, and recycling of materials are an integral part of circular economy and sustainability strategies. The importance is also evident in the increasing adoption of these terms in the scientific academic, industrial, and economic fields.

The aim of this Special Issue is to publish original research articles in areas related to the development and modification of new as well as recycled materials and their application possibilities. At the same time, studies focused on innovative technological methods for the processing and recovery of industrially important metals and their alloys, non-metallic materials, and composites are also welcome. Additionally, innovative procedures for testing, increasing efficiency, and optimizing processes aim to recover materials to improve the sustainability of Earth’s resources. Research related to any area of the materials science will contribute to the improvement of the mechanical, chemical, electrical, magnetic, acoustic, and thermal properties of the materials, as well as the understanding of the inter-relationship between the composition, structure, and properties of a material. Contributions that use multicriteria analysis or LCA assessment methods for comparing products and processes with a focus on environmental, technological, and economic aspects and impacts will also be greatly appreciated.

The scope encompasses scientific and engineering fields such as materials, metallurgy, chemical, mechanical, electrotechnical, environmental, biomedical, aerospace, industrial, and Earth resources. The fields of operation are not limited, and may include physical metallurgy, progressive materials, nanomaterials, progressive technologies, structure, chemical composition and properties of materials, hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy, biohydrometallurgy, electrometallurgy, primary and secondary materials, recycling technologies, modeling and simulation, SEM, XRF, XRD, LCA assessment, eco-design, mechanics of materials, ceramics, metals and metal alloys, non-metals, composites, electromobility, batteries and accumulators, electronics, hydrogen technologies, and applications of materials in various areas.

Dr. Pavol Liptai
Prof. Dr. Jaroslav Briančin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sustainable development
  • advanced materials
  • material innovations
  • circular economy
  • technological innovations

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 3070 KiB  
Article
Leaching Thermodynamics of Low-Grade Copper Oxide Ore from [(NH4)2SO4]-NH3-H2O Solution
by Faxin Xiao, Xinyu Cao, Xuwei Luo, Ganfeng Tu, Cuixia Yang, Yu Peng, Hui Li, Wei Xu and Shuo Wang
Materials 2024, 17(19), 4821; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17194821 - 30 Sep 2024
Viewed by 525
Abstract
This paper describes a highly alkaline low-grade copper oxide ore. Copper can be selectively leached out while other metals are retained. A thermodynamic model of the CuO-(NH4)2SO4-NH3-H2O system was established for the leaching [...] Read more.
This paper describes a highly alkaline low-grade copper oxide ore. Copper can be selectively leached out while other metals are retained. A thermodynamic model of the CuO-(NH4)2SO4-NH3-H2O system was established for the leaching of tenorite (CuO) under conditions of mass and charge conservation. MATLAB’s fitting functions, along with the diff and solve functions, were used to calculate the optimal ammonia concentration and total copper ion concentration of tenorite under different ammonium sulfate concentrations. The effects of various ammonia–ammonium salt solutions (ammonium sulfate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium chloride) on the copper leaching rate were investigated. Results show that under the conditions of an ammonia concentration of 1.2 mol/L, an ammonia–ammonium ratio of 2:1, a liquid–solid ratio of 3:1, a temperature of 25 °C, and a leaching time of 4 h, the copper leaching rate from the ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride solutions reaches 70%, which is slightly higher than that of ammonium carbonate. Therefore, an ammonia–ammonium sulfate system is selected for leaching low-grade copper oxide due to its lower corrosion to equipment compared to the chlorination system. The impact of this study on industrial applications includes the potential to find more sustainable and cost-effective methods for resource recovery. The industry can reduce its dependence on resources and mitigate its environmental impact. Readers engaged in low-grade oxidized copper research will benefit from this study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Modification of New or Recycled Materials and Technological Processes toward Sustainable Development (Second Edition))
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23 pages, 14661 KiB  
Article
An Experimental Study of Zinc Evaporation from Bottom Zinc Dross at Atmospheric Pressure and in Inert Atmosphere with Integrated CFD Modelling
by Katarína Pauerová, Róbert Dzurňák, Jarmila Trpčevská, Pavol Liptai and Tomáš Vindt
Materials 2024, 17(18), 4627; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17184627 - 20 Sep 2024
Viewed by 694
Abstract
In the present study, the recycling process of bottom zinc dross was performed by evaporation and subsequent condensation at 800 °C for 30 min with an observed argon flow rate of 100–400 mL/min to ensure an inert atmosphere, to observe the evaporation rate [...] Read more.
In the present study, the recycling process of bottom zinc dross was performed by evaporation and subsequent condensation at 800 °C for 30 min with an observed argon flow rate of 100–400 mL/min to ensure an inert atmosphere, to observe the evaporation rate and final form of the product. Under the set conditions of over 98% zinc purity, products in the form of nanofibres (thickness 500 nm), powder (size of spherical particles 2–5 μm), dendrites, and metallic forms were obtained. The employed mathematical modelling (via Ansys 2023R1 software) predicted the behaviour of the argon flow current in the quartz tube, as well as the temperature gradient in the quartz tube and in the close vicinity of the zinc sample. Via Inventor 2014 software, the rate of zinc sample heating was calculated. All the simulations were compared with the physical measurements and correlation was proven. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Modification of New or Recycled Materials and Technological Processes toward Sustainable Development (Second Edition))
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11 pages, 3697 KiB  
Article
Efficient Regeneration of Graphite from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries through Combination of Thermal and Wet Metallurgical Approaches
by Riquan Yu, Changyou Zhou, Xiangyang Zhou, Juan Yang, Jingjing Tang and Yaguang Zhang
Materials 2024, 17(16), 3883; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17163883 - 6 Aug 2024
Viewed by 914
Abstract
With the large-scale application of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in various fields, spent LIBs are considered one of the most important secondary resources. Few studies have focused on recycling anode materials despite their high value. Herein, a new efficient recycling and regeneration method of [...] Read more.
With the large-scale application of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in various fields, spent LIBs are considered one of the most important secondary resources. Few studies have focused on recycling anode materials despite their high value. Herein, a new efficient recycling and regeneration method of spent anode materials through the combination of thermal and wet metallurgical approaches and restored graphite performance is presented. Using this method, the lithium recycling ratio from spent anode materials reaches 87%, with no metal impurities detected in the leaching solution. The initial Coulombic efficiency of the recycled graphite (RG) materials is 90.5%, with a reversible capacity of 350.2 mAh/g. Moreover, RG shows better rate performance than commercial graphite. The proposed method is simple and efficient and does not involve toxic substances. Thus, it has high economic value and application potential in graphite recycling from spent LIBs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Modification of New or Recycled Materials and Technological Processes toward Sustainable Development (Second Edition))
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Review

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23 pages, 2276 KiB  
Review
Recent Advancements towards Sustainability in Rotomoulding
by Jake Kelly-Walley, Peter Martin, Zaida Ortega, Louise Pick and Mark McCourt
Materials 2024, 17(11), 2607; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17112607 - 28 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1471
Abstract
Rotational moulding is a unique low-shear process used to manufacture hollow parts. The process is an excellent process method for batch processing, minimal waste and stress-free parts. However, the process has drawbacks such as long cycle times, gas dependency and a limited palette [...] Read more.
Rotational moulding is a unique low-shear process used to manufacture hollow parts. The process is an excellent process method for batch processing, minimal waste and stress-free parts. However, the process has drawbacks such as long cycle times, gas dependency and a limited palette of materials relative to other process methods. This review aimed to shed light on the current state-of-the-art research contributing towards sustainability in rotational moulding. The scope of this review broadly assessed all areas of the process such as material development, process adaptations and development, modelling, simulation and contributions towards applications carving a more sustainable society. The PRISMA literature review method was adopted, finding that the majority of publications focus on material development, specifically on the use of waste, fillers, fibres and composites as a way to improve sustainability. Significant focus on biocomposites and natural fibres highlighted the strong research interest, while recyclate studies appeared to be less explored to date. Other research paths are process modification, modelling and simulation, motivated to increase energy efficiency, reduction in scrap and attempts to reduce cycle time with models. An emerging research interest in rotational moulding is the contribution towards the hydrogen economy, particularly type IV hydrogen vessels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Modification of New or Recycled Materials and Technological Processes toward Sustainable Development (Second Edition))
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