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Research of Corrosion Behavior of Metallic Materials
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Research of Corrosion Behavior of Metallic Materials

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Corrosion".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2022) | Viewed by 13492

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Kwangsuk Park

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 89, Yangdaegiro-gil, Ipjang-myeon, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si Chungcheongnam-do 31056, Cheonan, Korea
Interests: metallic materials; biomaterials; corrosion; surface treatment; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Many metallic materials experience corrosion issues during their use, which usually causes gradual degradation. In 2016. This cost the U.S. economy over $1.1 trillion. Among the various approaches used to prevent and/or reduce corrosion issues, including coatings, utilizing high corrosion resistance alloys could be an option. High corrosion resistant alloys such as titanium alloys and stainless steels have been used in corrosive environments, such as seawater and hazardous gases, because of their excellent corrosion resistance. Their notable performance arises from the native oxide of only a few nanometers that is formed on the alloys’ surface. However, they still have a risk of corrosion when exposed to corrosive environments, such as in presence of chloride ions and non-oxidizing acid solutions with a low pH. For example, pure titanium suffers from crevice corrosion in a high temperature chloride solution. Alloy design is commonly applied for improving the corrosion resistance of metallic materials. It is known that adding a small amount of Pd into titanium can significantly improve titanium’s corrosion resistance.

With technical innovations, corrosion issues become more serious because of the combinations of various materials. This means more concern is needed in order to manipulate corrosion problems.

Based on the above information, this Special Issue invites manuscripts in the following disciplines of corrosion, but not limited to the list. Any manuscripts regarding the corrosion of metallic materials are welcome.

Dr. Kwangsuk Park
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • high corrosion resistant alloys
  • critical corrosion issues in metals and alloys
  • coating and protection
  • high temperature corrosion
  • electrochemical characterization

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3086 KiB  
Article
Recycling Unused Midazolam Drug as Efficient Corrosion Inhibitor for Copper in Nitric Acid Solution
by Andrea Kellenberger, Delia Andrada Duca, Mircea Laurentiu Dan and Mihai Medeleanu
Materials 2022, 15(8), 2918; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15082918 - 16 Apr 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2038
Abstract
The current work explores the potential for recycling unused or expired Midazolam (MID) drug, a benzodiazepine derivative, as an efficient corrosion inhibitor for copper in nitric acid solution. The technical advantage of recycling expired MID drug relates to the avoidance of organic inhibitor [...] Read more.
The current work explores the potential for recycling unused or expired Midazolam (MID) drug, a benzodiazepine derivative, as an efficient corrosion inhibitor for copper in nitric acid solution. The technical advantage of recycling expired MID drug relates to the avoidance of organic inhibitor production costs and the reduction of disposal costs of the expired medication. A combination of electrochemical methods (potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy), weight loss, and quantum chemical calculation were used to assess the inhibition mechanism and efficiency of MID. It was found that inhibition efficiency increases with inhibitor concentration, reaching a highest value of 92.9% for a concentration of 10−4 M MID. MID was classified as a mixed-type inhibitor, showing a preferential cathodic suppression mechanism. The obtained values of −45.89 kJ mol−1 for the standard free energy of adsorption indicate that the inhibition mechanism is based on chemisorption of MID molecules on the copper surface, which obeys the Langmuir isotherm. Surface analysis using scanning electronic microscopy revealed that MID offers high protection against corrosion during both immersion and polarization tests. Molecular modelling and quantum chemical calculations indicated chemical interactions between MID molecules and the copper surface, as well as electrostatic interactions. The results obtained using the different techniques were in good agreement and highlight the effectiveness of MID in the corrosion inhibition of copper. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research of Corrosion Behavior of Metallic Materials)
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13 pages, 2454 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Novel Nano-Sulfonamide Metal-Based Corrosion Inhibitor Surfactants
by Manal M. Khowdiary, Nahla A. Taha, Nashwa M. Saleh and Ahmed A. Elhenawy
Materials 2022, 15(3), 1146; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031146 - 1 Feb 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1949
Abstract
The synthesis of novel corrosion inhibitors and biocide metal complex nanoparticle surfactants was achieved through the reaction of sulfonamide with selenious acid to produce a quaternary ammonium salt. Platinum and cobalt surfactants were then formed by complexing the first products with platinum (II) [...] Read more.
The synthesis of novel corrosion inhibitors and biocide metal complex nanoparticle surfactants was achieved through the reaction of sulfonamide with selenious acid to produce a quaternary ammonium salt. Platinum and cobalt surfactants were then formed by complexing the first products with platinum (II) or cobalt (II) ions. The surface properties of these surfactants were then investigated, and the free energy of form micelles (ΔGomic) and adsorption (ΔGoads) was determined. The obtained cationic compounds were evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel dissolution in 1N HCl medium. The results of gravimetric and electrochemical measurements showed that the obtained inhibitors were excellent corrosion inhibitors. The anti-sulfate-reducing bacteria activity known to cause corrosion of oil pipes was obtained by the inhibition zone diameter method for the prepared compounds, which were measured against sulfate-reducing bacteria. FTIR spectra, elemental analysis, H1 NMR spectrum, and 13C labeling were performed to ensure the purity of the prepared compounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research of Corrosion Behavior of Metallic Materials)
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24 pages, 7000 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Multiphase Flow and Heat and Mass Transfer for Ammonium Chloride Crystallization of the High-Pressure Heat Exchanger in Hydrogenation Unit
by Jianwen Zhang, Yahui Zhao, Yan Li and Fan Zhang
Materials 2021, 14(24), 7754; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14247754 - 15 Dec 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2418
Abstract
The corrosion failure of the high-pressure heat exchanger in a petrochemical enterprise was simulated. A multiphase flow and heat and mass transfer simulation shows that the vortex core with a higher gas phase content and lower temperature is the region of easy crystallization, [...] Read more.
The corrosion failure of the high-pressure heat exchanger in a petrochemical enterprise was simulated. A multiphase flow and heat and mass transfer simulation shows that the vortex core with a higher gas phase content and lower temperature is the region of easy crystallization, located on both sides of the center of the tube. The crystallization process occurs in the gas phase. As the reaction progresses, the crystallization range spreads from the tube wall to the center of the tube bundle, and the inner diameter of the tube bundle decreases continuously. In Fluent, a user-defined function, based on the ammonium chloride crystallization reaction, is loaded. The results show that crystallization first occurs in the tube bundles on both sides of the center of the tube and that the corrosion is aggravated by the erosion wall surface of crystal particles at the elbow, which is consistent with the actual corrosion failure location. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research of Corrosion Behavior of Metallic Materials)
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21 pages, 6599 KiB  
Article
Reactivity and Corrosion Behaviors of Ti6Al4V Alloy Implant Biomaterial under Metabolic Perturbation Conditions in Physiological Solutions
by Lidia Benea and Nicoleta Simionescu-Bogatu
Materials 2021, 14(23), 7404; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14237404 - 2 Dec 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2150
Abstract
The corrosion of implant biomaterials is a well-known critical issue when they are in contact with biological fluids. Therefore, the reactivity of Ti6Al4V implant biomaterials is monitored during immersion in a Hanks’ physiological solution without and with added metabolic compounds, such as lactic [...] Read more.
The corrosion of implant biomaterials is a well-known critical issue when they are in contact with biological fluids. Therefore, the reactivity of Ti6Al4V implant biomaterials is monitored during immersion in a Hanks’ physiological solution without and with added metabolic compounds, such as lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and a mixture of the two. Electrochemical characterization is done by measuring the open circuit potential and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy performed at different intervals of time. Electrochemical results were completed by morphological and compositional analyses as well as X-ray diffraction before and after immersion in these solutions. The results indicate a strong effect from the inflammatory product and the synergistic effect of the metabolic lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide inflammatory compound on the reactivity and corrosion resistance of an implant titanium alloy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research of Corrosion Behavior of Metallic Materials)
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8 pages, 2505 KiB  
Article
Effect of Iron Content on Corrosion Properties of Pure Titanium as Grain Refiner
by Bosung Seo, Hyeon-Tae Im, Ki-Beom Park, Kwangsuk Park and Hyung-Ki Park
Materials 2021, 14(23), 7193; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14237193 - 25 Nov 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1743
Abstract
Microstructures and corrosion properties of pure titanium were characterized when iron was used as a grain refiner. The added Fe element acted as a strong grain refiner for pure titanium by forming β Ti phase at grain boundaries, and 0.15 wt% Fe was [...] Read more.
Microstructures and corrosion properties of pure titanium were characterized when iron was used as a grain refiner. The added Fe element acted as a strong grain refiner for pure titanium by forming β Ti phase at grain boundaries, and 0.15 wt% Fe was revealed to be a sufficient amount to make the grain size of pure titanium below 20 μm, which was the requirement for the desired titanium cathode. However, corrosion resistance was decreased with the Fe amount added. From the open circuit potential (OCP) results, it was obvious that the TiO2 stability against the reducing acid environment was deteriorated with the Fe amount, which seemed to be the main reason for the decreased corrosion resistance. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results showed that both the decrease in the compact oxide film’s resistance (Rb) and the appearance of the outer porous film occurred as a result of the dissolution of the TiO2 layer, whose phenomena became more apparent as more Fe was added. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research of Corrosion Behavior of Metallic Materials)
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19 pages, 6591 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Corrosion Testing of Zy-4 in a LiOH Solution under High Pressure and Temperature Conditions
by Diana Diniasi, Florentina Golgovici, Alexandru Horia Marin, Aurelian Denis Negrea, Manuela Fulger and Ioana Demetrescu
Materials 2021, 14(16), 4586; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14164586 - 15 Aug 2021
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2270
Abstract
The fuel cladding is one of the most important structural components for maintaining the integrity of a fuel channel and for safely exploitation of a nuclear power plant. The corrosion behavior of a fuel cladding material, Zy-4, under high pressure and temperatures conditions, [...] Read more.
The fuel cladding is one of the most important structural components for maintaining the integrity of a fuel channel and for safely exploitation of a nuclear power plant. The corrosion behavior of a fuel cladding material, Zy-4, under high pressure and temperatures conditions, was analyzed in a static isothermal autoclave under simulated primary water conditions—a LiOH solution at 310 °C and 10 MPa for up to 3024 h. After this, the oxides grown on the Zy-4 sample surface were characterized using electrochemical measurements, gravimetric analysis, metallographic analysis, SEM and XPS. The maximum oxide thicknesses evaluated by gravimetric and SEM measurements were in good agreement; both values were around 1.2 µm. The optical light microscopy (OLM) investigations identified the presence of small hydrides uniformly distributed horizontally across the alloy. EIS impedance spectra showed an increase in the oxide impedance for the samples oxidized for a long time. EIS plots has the best fit with an equivalent circuit which illustrated an oxide model that has two oxide layers: an inner oxide layer and outer layer. The EIS results showed that the inner layer was a barrier layer, and the outer layer was a porous layer. Potentiodynamic polarization results demonstrated superior corrosion resistance of the samples tested for longer periods of time. By XPS measurements we identified all five oxidation states of zirconium: Zr0 located at 178.5 eV; Zr4+ at 182.8 eV; and the three suboxides, Zr+, Zr2+ and Zr3+ at 179.7, 180.8 and 181.8 eV, respectively. The determination of Vickers microhardness completed the investigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research of Corrosion Behavior of Metallic Materials)
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