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Metabolites
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Steroids in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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Steroids in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology and Clinical Metabolic Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2021) | Viewed by 20277

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Walter Wahli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
2. Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Interests: nuclear receptor superfamily; gene regulation and gene expression profiling; metabolic regulations; development; skin and wound healing; cancer; liver physiology; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); adipose tissue; muscle and exercise; gut; microbiota; inter-organ cross-talk; nutrition; nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome affecting over 80% of patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes. It is a spectrum of disease ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis and significant risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pathophysiology is complex and incompletely understood, with the ‘multiple hit’ hypothesis considering multiple parallel insults to the liver. Steroids have a diverse array of functions and can have profound impacts on the different pathogenic processes.  

This special issue of Metabolites will publish original and review articles covering the role of steroid hormones and bile acids in the pathogenesis of NAFLD including inflammation, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and tissue-tissue interactions. Studies using in vitro and in vivo models, clinical studies and methods for the measurement of steroid metabolites are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Walter Wahli
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metabolites is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cortisol
  • cortisone
  • metabolic syndrome
  • pre-receptor metabolism
  • steroids
  • corticosterone

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Review

25 pages, 4059 KiB  
Review
Roles of Estrogens in the Healthy and Diseased Oviparous Vertebrate Liver
by Blandine Tramunt, Alexandra Montagner, Nguan Soon Tan, Pierre Gourdy, Hervé Rémignon and Walter Wahli
Metabolites 2021, 11(8), 502; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11080502 - 30 Jul 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4494
Abstract
The liver is a vital organ that sustains multiple functions beneficial for the whole organism. It is sexually dimorphic, presenting sex-biased gene expression with implications for the phenotypic differences between males and females. Estrogens are involved in this sex dimorphism and their actions [...] Read more.
The liver is a vital organ that sustains multiple functions beneficial for the whole organism. It is sexually dimorphic, presenting sex-biased gene expression with implications for the phenotypic differences between males and females. Estrogens are involved in this sex dimorphism and their actions in the liver of several reptiles, fishes, amphibians, and birds are discussed. The liver participates in reproduction by producing vitellogenins (yolk proteins) and eggshell proteins under the control of estrogens that act via two types of receptors active either mainly in the cell nucleus (ESR) or the cell membrane (GPER1). Estrogens also control hepatic lipid and lipoprotein metabolisms, with a triglyceride carrier role for VLDL from the liver to the ovaries during oogenesis. Moreover, the activation of the vitellogenin genes is used as a robust biomarker for exposure to xenoestrogens. In the context of liver diseases, high plasma estrogen levels are observed in fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) in chicken implicating estrogens in the disease progression. Fishes are also used to investigate liver diseases, including models generated by mutation and transgenesis. In conclusion, studies on the roles of estrogens in the non-mammalian oviparous vertebrate liver have contributed enormously to unveil hormone-dependent physiological and physiopathological processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Steroids in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease)
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24 pages, 571 KiB  
Review
Gut Microbiome and Metabolites in Patients with NAFLD and after Bariatric Surgery: A Comprehensive Review
by Jacqueline Hoozemans, Maurits de Brauw, Max Nieuwdorp and Victor Gerdes
Metabolites 2021, 11(6), 353; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11060353 - 31 May 2021
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 4347
Abstract
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing, as are other manifestations of metabolic syndrome such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. NAFLD is currently the number one cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. The pathophysiology of NAFLD and disease progression [...] Read more.
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing, as are other manifestations of metabolic syndrome such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. NAFLD is currently the number one cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. The pathophysiology of NAFLD and disease progression is poorly understood. A potential contributing role for gut microbiome and metabolites in NAFLD is proposed. Currently, bariatric surgery is an effective therapy to prevent the progression of NAFLD and other manifestations of metabolic syndrome such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. This review provides an overview of gut microbiome composition and related metabolites in individuals with NAFLD and after bariatric surgery. Causality remains to be proven. Furthermore, the clinical effects of bariatric surgery on NAFLD are illustrated. Whether the gut microbiome and metabolites contribute to the metabolic improvement and improvement of NAFLD seen after bariatric surgery has not yet been proven. Future microbiome and metabolome research is necessary for elucidating the pathophysiology and underlying metabolic pathways and phenotypes and providing better methods for diagnostics, prognostics and surveillance to optimize clinical care. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Steroids in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease)
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Figure 1

16 pages, 1602 KiB  
Review
Role of Steroid Hormones in the Pathogenesis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
by Meng Yang, Feng Ma and Min Guan
Metabolites 2021, 11(5), 320; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11050320 - 17 May 2021
Cited by 31 | Viewed by 5415
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease and may progress to cirrhosis or even hepatocellular carcinoma. A number of steroid hormones are important regulators of lipid homeostasis through fine tuning the expression of genes related to [...] Read more.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease and may progress to cirrhosis or even hepatocellular carcinoma. A number of steroid hormones are important regulators of lipid homeostasis through fine tuning the expression of genes related to lipid synthesis, export, and metabolism. Dysregulation of such pathways has been implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. The aim of this review is to clarify the potential impact of steroid hormones on NAFLD. We also highlight potential interventions through modulating steroid hormone levels or the activities of their cognate receptors as therapeutic strategies for preventing NAFLD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Steroids in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease)
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9 pages, 1268 KiB  
Review
Presence and Implications of Sarcopenia in Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis
by Gregory Habig, Christa Smaltz and Dina Halegoua-DeMarzio
Metabolites 2021, 11(4), 242; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11040242 - 15 Apr 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3116
Abstract
Sarcopenia, defined as the loss of muscle strength, mass, and functionality, confers a poor prognosis in the setting of cirrhosis. Given its clinical significance, a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms leading to cirrhosis, sarcopenia, and their co-occurrence may improve these patients’ outcomes. [...] Read more.
Sarcopenia, defined as the loss of muscle strength, mass, and functionality, confers a poor prognosis in the setting of cirrhosis. Given its clinical significance, a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms leading to cirrhosis, sarcopenia, and their co-occurrence may improve these patients’ outcomes. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) shares many of the same etiologies as sarcopenia, including insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and ectopic adipocyte deposition, which are hallmarks of metabolic syndrome (MS). NASH thus serves as a prime candidate for further exploration into the underlying pathophysiology and relationship between these three conditions. In this review, we discuss the natural history of NASH and sarcopenia, explore the interplay between these conditions in the scope of MS, and seek to better define how an assessment of muscle mass, strength, and functionality in this population is key to improved diagnosis and management of patients with sarcopenia and NASH. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Steroids in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease)
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