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Advanced Rolling, Heat Treatment and Electromagnetic Processing Technology of High...
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Advanced Rolling, Heat Treatment and Electromagnetic Processing Technology of High Performance Metals (Second Edition)

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Metal Casting, Forming and Heat Treatment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 7471

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Dongsheng Qian

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: ring rolling; electromagnetic strengthening; thermomechanical treatment; bainite; phase transformation of steel; advanced forming techniques of metals
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Feng Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. School of Automotive Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
2. Hubei Engineering Research Center for Green Precision Material Forming, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: metallography; heat treatment of metals; bearing steel; ring rolling; material strengthening; characterization and testing techniques
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Rolling and heat treatment are essential processes in the manufacturing process of any basic component, and they directly determine its final performance and service life. The question of how to achieve better performance while realizing the geometric shape of components has become a constant topic of debate in industrial development. Meanwhile, electromagnetic processing technology shows great potential as a novel method in property improvement, and has a wide application prospect in the advanced manufacturing of basic components. To advance the development of the processing technology of high-performance metals, it is imperative to determine the relationship between microstructure and properties in the process of rolling forming, heat treatment and electromagnetic processing.

We are pleased to invite you to submit your research papers to this Special Issue. The Special Issue covers a wide range of topics, including advanced rolling forming, heat treatment and electromagnetic processing technology of all kinds of metals.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • The manufacturing of innovative high-strength steel through novel rolling and heat treatment technology;
  • Cold/warm/hot ring rolling technologies for metals;
  • The relationship between forming, heat treatment and electromagnetic processing technology and microstructure properties of various metallic materials;
  • Microstructural design of metallic materials processed using advanced manufacturing combined with rolling;
  • The improvement of microstructure and mechanical properties of metals through applying a novel thermomechanical processing technique;
  • The modification of metallic materials through introducing an external physical field such as an electric, magnetic or electromagnetic field;
  • Numerical simulation and experiments of ring rolling processes;
  • Microstructural/mechanical characterization techniques of metals;
  • Wear, fatigue and other properties of metals.

Prof. Dr. Dongsheng Qian
Dr. Feng Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • forming
  • heat treatment
  • alloy and steel
  • rolling
  • ring rolling
  • phase transformation
  • characterization
  • microstructure
  • high performance
  • wear
  • fatigue
  • mechanical property

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 10852 KiB  
Article
Effects of Partially Replacing Mo with Nb on the Microstructure and Properties of High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel during Reverse Austenization
by Liang Luo, Jiajun Zhang, Hao Fu, Fuhu Chen, Jianchun Qin and Yimin Li
Metals 2024, 14(8), 896; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14080896 - 6 Aug 2024
Viewed by 909
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of partially replacing expensive Mo with cheaper Nb on the microstructure and properties of high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel during reverse austenisation. The mechanical properties of the steel in the hot-rolled state were lower with a partial replacement of [...] Read more.
This study investigated the effects of partially replacing expensive Mo with cheaper Nb on the microstructure and properties of high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel during reverse austenisation. The mechanical properties of the steel in the hot-rolled state were lower with a partial replacement of Mo by Nb. However, after pre-tempering and reheating and quenching, the strength increased greatly while the ductility and toughness did not decrease much. Thus, the negative effects of replacing Mo with Nb were mostly alleviated, and a good balance between strength, ductility and toughness was achieved. After heat treatment, the mass percentage of precipitates increased substantially, which helped to pin grain boundaries during austenisation. The percent of high-angle grain boundaries greatly increased while the average effective grain size decreased, which improved grain refinement. The results showed that combining a partial replacement of Mo by Nb with heat treatment allows the microstructure and mechanical properties of HSLA steel to be effectively controlled while improving the balance between cost and performance. These findings provide valuable insights into the preparation and design of steels with similar microstructures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Rolling, Heat Treatment and Electromagnetic Processing Technology of High Performance Metals (Second Edition))
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20 pages, 10851 KiB  
Article
A Novel Design of a Molten Salt Bath Structure and Its Quenching Effect on Wire Transformation from Austenite to Sorbite
by Jun Li, Bo Wang and Jieyu Zhang
Metals 2024, 14(4), 483; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14040483 - 20 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1406
Abstract
The technology for obtaining sorbite by isothermal quenching of high-temperature molten salt has been used by more and more factories to produce wires with high tensile strength. In this paper, the controlling cap and bottom pipeline of the original salt bath are redesigned. [...] Read more.
The technology for obtaining sorbite by isothermal quenching of high-temperature molten salt has been used by more and more factories to produce wires with high tensile strength. In this paper, the controlling cap and bottom pipeline of the original salt bath are redesigned. The mathematical model previously proposed is used to simulate the redesigned salt bath model, and the flow field is analyzed in detail. The redesigned and original controlling cap are compared in detail by applying third-generation vortex identification technology. Then, by using the inverse heat transfer method, the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) during the boiling heat transfer stage of the wire rod in molten salt is calculated by taking advantage of quenching experimental data, on the basis of which the original model is corrected. Finally, a new salt bath design is proposed, which divides the salt bath into two parts. The first salt bath at 515 °C is used to cool the austenitized wire and complete the initial phase transformation. The second salt bath at 560 °C is used to prevent the transformation from retained austenite to bainite, and to induce its transformation from retained austenite to sorbite. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Rolling, Heat Treatment and Electromagnetic Processing Technology of High Performance Metals (Second Edition))
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13 pages, 4476 KiB  
Article
Buckling Defect Optimization of Constrained Ring Rolling of Thin-Walled Conical Rings with Inner High Ribs Combining Response Surface Method with FEM
by Wei Feng and Peng Zhao
Metals 2024, 14(4), 378; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14040378 - 24 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1027
Abstract
A buckling defect will appear on the outer surface of the deformed ring during the constrained ring rolling (CRR) of an aluminum alloy thin-wall conical ring with inner high ribs (AATWCRIHR) if the geometrical dimension of the ribs does not match the wall [...] Read more.
A buckling defect will appear on the outer surface of the deformed ring during the constrained ring rolling (CRR) of an aluminum alloy thin-wall conical ring with inner high ribs (AATWCRIHR) if the geometrical dimension of the ribs does not match the wall thickness. To avoid the buckling defect, a quantitative method for characterizing the degree of the buckling defect is proposed using the area of the buckling profile. Then, an orthogonal experimental scheme was designed, taking the width of the middle rib, thickness of wall, and height of the middle rib as the design variables and defining the area of the buckling profile as the optimization objective. Subsequently, a quadratic polynomial response surface model was established by combining the optimization algorithm with the finite element method (FEM), and the geometrical dimension of the middle ribs of the deformed AATWCRIHR is optimized. Moreover, the optimal parameter combination to minimize the area of the buckling profile is obtained and verified using FE simulation. The results show that the AATWCRIHR after optimization does not generate the buckling defect during constrained ring rolling, and it is proven that the quantitative buckling defect representation method and the optimization design method based on the response surface model and the finite element simulation results are feasible for the constrained ring-rolling process of the AATWCRIHR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Rolling, Heat Treatment and Electromagnetic Processing Technology of High Performance Metals (Second Edition))
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15 pages, 4859 KiB  
Article
Modeling the Evolution of Casting Defect Closure in Ingots through Radial Shear Rolling Processing
by Alexandr Arbuz, Alexandr Panichkin, Fedor Popov, Anna Kawalek, Kirill Ozhmegov and Nikita Lutchenko
Metals 2024, 14(1), 53; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14010053 - 30 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1421
Abstract
This paper investigates the behavior of transverse defects under significant total strain in conditions of complex vortex metal flow implemented through the radial shear rolling (RSR) method. The aim of this study is to assess the applicability of RSR processing for the in-depth [...] Read more.
This paper investigates the behavior of transverse defects under significant total strain in conditions of complex vortex metal flow implemented through the radial shear rolling (RSR) method. The aim of this study is to assess the applicability of RSR processing for the in-depth transformation of small ingots of special steel into bars, particularly for the manufacturing of structural elements in specialized construction projects such as nuclear power plants. Although a substantial total strain is anticipated to enhance the steel structure and contribute to defect closure, the question of the development or closure of potential casting defects remains unclear. To address this issue, model tests were conducted to simulate the implementation of RSR processing. Defect behavior data under very complex vortex metal flow and high strain conditions were obtained for the first time and have scientific merit. A small steel ingot with a 32 mm diameter, containing a simulated artificial defect in the form of a transverse through-hole with a 5 mm diameter, was employed. During rolling, the workpiece diameter was progressively reduced by 2 mm with each subsequent pass, reaching a final diameter of 20 mm. Additionally, to provide a more detailed visualization of the defect evolution process, the same defect was modeled in an aluminum bar over six passes, and changes in defect volume and shape were analyzed after each pass. A highly detailed 3D visualization of the actual defect evolution was achieved based on cross-sections from experimental workpieces. These data corresponded to the total strain levels obtained by finite element method (FEM) simulation. Notably, a consistent similarity was observed between the test results for both metals, revealing a reduction in defect volume of up to 67.7%. The deformational welding of defects in the outer sections, encompassing one-third of the rod’s radius, occurred in the initial passes. However, defects in the axial zone of the rods remained unclosed, lengthening and gradually decreasing proportionally to the elongation of the rod, akin to conventional rolling. Consequently, the radial shear rolling (RSR) method is unsuitable for ingots with substantial discontinuities in the axial zone post-casting. Nevertheless, the method ensures the total welding of defects located in the outer zones of the ingots, even with minor applied deformations and a slight decrease in the diameter of the deformed ingot. Such data were obtained for the first time and should contribute to future investigations in this field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Rolling, Heat Treatment and Electromagnetic Processing Technology of High Performance Metals (Second Edition))
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20 pages, 4052 KiB  
Article
Multiscale Investigation of Microcracks and Grain Boundary Wetting in Press-Hardened Galvanized 20MnB8 Steel
by Martin Arndt, Philipp Kürnsteiner, Tia Truglas, Jiri Duchoslav, Kurt Hingerl, David Stifter, Christian Commenda, Johannes Haslmayr, Siegfried Kolnberger, Josef Faderl and Heiko Groiss
Metals 2024, 14(1), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14010046 - 29 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1231
Abstract
Grain boundary wetting as a preliminary stage for zinc-induced grain boundary weakening and embrittlement in a Zn-coated press-hardened 20MnB8 steel was analyzed using electron backscatter diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, atom probe tomography and transmission electron microscopy. Microcracks at prior [...] Read more.
Grain boundary wetting as a preliminary stage for zinc-induced grain boundary weakening and embrittlement in a Zn-coated press-hardened 20MnB8 steel was analyzed using electron backscatter diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, atom probe tomography and transmission electron microscopy. Microcracks at prior austenite grain boundaries were observed. Structures that developed after microcrack formation were identified: for example, Zn/Fe intermetallic phases with grain sizes smaller than 100 nm were present at the crack surfaces and the wedge-shaped crack tips. An electrolytically coated reference sample that underwent the same heat treatment as the press-hardened material but without the application of tensile stress was investigated in order to find the initial cause of the microcracks. On this sample, Zn, in the order of one atomic layer, was found along prior austenite grain boundaries several micrometers away from the actual Zn/Fe phases in the coating. The resulting grain boundary weakening with the Zn wetting of prior austenitic grain boundaries during austenitization and/or hot forming is a necessary precondition for microcrack formation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Rolling, Heat Treatment and Electromagnetic Processing Technology of High Performance Metals (Second Edition))
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9 pages, 4294 KiB  
Article
Electromagnetic-Shocking-Induced Interface Healing and Mechanical Properties Improvement in Pre-Bonded Stainless Steel
by Min Wu, Jiancheng Chen, Jiadong Deng, Feng Wang and Qian Sun
Metals 2023, 13(12), 2004; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13122004 - 13 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1004
Abstract
Hot-deformation pre-bonding is a newly developed method to avoid smelting defects in large stainless steel billets, in which the high-quality interfacial connection needs to be realized as a key guarantee. In this work, a novel electromagnetic shocking treatment (EST) method, as a special [...] Read more.
Hot-deformation pre-bonding is a newly developed method to avoid smelting defects in large stainless steel billets, in which the high-quality interfacial connection needs to be realized as a key guarantee. In this work, a novel electromagnetic shocking treatment (EST) method, as a special way to apply an external physical field, was proposed to introduce the hot-deformation pre-bonded austenitic stainless steel. It is demonstrated that EST can efficiently optimize the hot-deformation pre-bonded interface and restore the tensile properties of pre-bonded stainless steel within several seconds. The interface healing behaviors induced by EST were analyzed via the in situ observation of an optical micrograph, scanning electron micrograph, as well as electron backscattering diffraction. The optimization of the interface connection is mainly attributed to the fact that EST can act on the interface locally, leading to the healing of voids at the interface accompanied by a reduction in stress and the decomposition of oxide. In addition, EST plays another important role in adjusting the texture difference at both ends of the interface, which can further improve the mechanical properties. The results suggest that EST exhibits great potential in promoting the hot-deformation pre-bonding of large billets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Rolling, Heat Treatment and Electromagnetic Processing Technology of High Performance Metals (Second Edition))
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