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Research on Polyphenolic Compounds from Nature Products: Extraction, Analysis and...
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Research on Polyphenolic Compounds from Nature Products: Extraction, Analysis and Biological Properties

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2024) | Viewed by 12102

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ireneusz Kapusta

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Food Technology and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, Rzeszow University, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
Interests: secondary metabolites; chromatographic techniques; polyphenols; antioxidant activity; wine chemistry; biological activity of plant-origin food
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Phenolic compounds are ubiquitous in plants that collectively synthesize several thousand different chemical structures characterized by hydroxylated aromatic rings. These compounds play several important functions in plants, representing a striking example of metabolic plasticity, enabling plants to adapt to changing biotic and abiotic environments, and conferring color, taste, technological properties, and putative health-promoting benefits on plant products. Phenolic compounds are the most studied phytochemicals and have been widely exploited as model systems in different areas of plant research. These components are known as secondary plant metabolites and also possess antimicrobial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties, along with their high antioxidant capacity. Many efforts have been made to provide a highly sensitive and selective analytical method for the determination and characterization of polyphenols. The aim of this Special Issue is to provide information on the most recent developments in the chemical investigation of polyphenols, emphasizing the extraction, separation, and analysis of these compounds via chromatographic and spectral techniques.

Dr. Ireneusz Kapusta
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • polyphenols
  • separation techniques
  • HPLC
  • LC-MS
  • antioxidant activity
  • biological activity

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 28250 KiB  
Article
Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Lonicera similis Flowers at Three Harvest Periods: Comparison of Composition, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity
by Yunyi Hu, Wenzhang Qian, Shaojun Fan, Yao Yang, Hai Liao, Guoqing Zhuang and Shun Gao
Molecules 2024, 29(14), 3280; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29143280 - 11 Jul 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 997
Abstract
Lonicera similis Hemsl. (L. similis) is a promising industrial crop with flowers rich in phenolic compounds. In this study, an ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was designed to extract phenolic compounds from L. similis flowers (LSFs). A contrastive analysis on the phenolic compounds’ [...] Read more.
Lonicera similis Hemsl. (L. similis) is a promising industrial crop with flowers rich in phenolic compounds. In this study, an ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was designed to extract phenolic compounds from L. similis flowers (LSFs). A contrastive analysis on the phenolic compounds’ yield and characterization and the antioxidant activity of the extracts at three harvest stages (PGS I, PGS II, and PGS III) are reported. The results indicate that the optimal conditions are a sonication intensity of 205.9 W, ethanol concentration of 46.4%, SLR of 1 g: 31.7 mL, and sonication time of 20.1 min. Under these optimized conditions, the TPC values at PGS I, PGS II, and PGS III were 117.22 ± 0.55, 112.73 ± 1.68, and 107.33 ± 1.39 mg GAE/g, respectively, whereas the extract of PGS I had the highest TFC (68.48 ± 2.01 mg RE/g). The HPLC analysis showed that chlorogenic acid, rutin, quercetin, isoquercitrin, and ferulic acid are the main components in the phenolic compounds from LSFs, and their contents are closely corrected with the harvest periods. LSF extracts exhibited a better antioxidant activity, and the activity at PGS I was significantly higher than those at PGS II and PGS III. The correlation analysis showed that kaempferol and ferulic acid, among the eight phenolic compounds, have a significant positive correlation with the antioxidant activity, while the remaining compounds have a negative correlation. Minor differences in extracts at the three harvest stages were found through SEM and FTIR. These findings may provide useful references for the optimal extraction method of phenolic compounds from LSFs at three different harvest periods, which will help to achieve a higher phytochemical yield at the optimal harvest stage (PGS I). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Polyphenolic Compounds from Nature Products: Extraction, Analysis and Biological Properties)
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15 pages, 1783 KiB  
Article
Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner Heartwood Extracts Containing Resveratrol and Oxyresveratrol Inhibit Melanogenesis in B16F10 Melanoma Cells
by Worrawat Promden, Pithi Chanvorachote, Wittawat Viriyabancha, Siriluk Sintupachee and Wanchai De-Eknamkul
Molecules 2024, 29(11), 2473; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29112473 - 24 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1232
Abstract
This study aimed to isolate and purify resveratrol and oxyresveratrol from the heartwoods of Maclura cochinchinensis, and to evaluate their inhibitory effects on melanogenesis in B16F10 murine melanoma cells. A methanol maceration process yielded a crude extract comprising 24.86% of the initial [...] Read more.
This study aimed to isolate and purify resveratrol and oxyresveratrol from the heartwoods of Maclura cochinchinensis, and to evaluate their inhibitory effects on melanogenesis in B16F10 murine melanoma cells. A methanol maceration process yielded a crude extract comprising 24.86% of the initial mass, which was subsequently analyzed through HPTLC, HPLC, and LC-MS/MS. These analyses revealed the presence of resveratrol and oxyresveratrol at concentrations of 4.32 mg/g and 33.6 mg/g in the extract, respectively. Initial purification employing food-grade silica gel column chromatography separated the extract into two fractions: FA, exhibiting potent inhibition of both tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis, and FM, showing no such inhibitory activity. Further purification processes led to the isolation of fractions Y11 and Gn12 with enhanced concentrations of resveratrol (94.9 and 110.21 mg/g, respectively) and fractions Gn15 and Gn16 with elevated levels of oxyresveratrol (321.93 and 274.59 mg/g, respectively), all of which significantly reduced melanin synthesis. These outcomes affirm the substantial presence of resveratrol and oxyresveratrol in the heartwood of M. cochinchinensis, indicating their promising role as natural agents for skin lightening. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Polyphenolic Compounds from Nature Products: Extraction, Analysis and Biological Properties)
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14 pages, 1132 KiB  
Article
Differentiating Dyes: A Spectroscopic Investigation into the Composition of Scarlet Bloodroot (Haemodorum coccineum R.Br.) Rhizome
by Matheus Carpinelli de Jesus, Taylah Church, Johanna A. Wapling, Raelene Collins, Gregory J. Leach, David Leach, James J. De Voss and Joanne T. Blanchfield
Molecules 2023, 28(21), 7422; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28217422 - 3 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1117
Abstract
Haemodorum coccineum, commonly known as scarlet bloodroot, is a plant native to New Guinea and the northern most parts of Australia. The highly coloured H. coccineum is used by communities in Larrakia country for dyeing garments and occasionally to treat snake bites. [...] Read more.
Haemodorum coccineum, commonly known as scarlet bloodroot, is a plant native to New Guinea and the northern most parts of Australia. The highly coloured H. coccineum is used by communities in Larrakia country for dyeing garments and occasionally to treat snake bites. Previous studies into H. coccineum have focused on its taxonomic classification, with this being the first evaluation of the chemical composition of the plant. Haemodoraceae plants are reported to contain phenylphenalenones (PhPs), which are highly conjugated polycyclic oxygenated aromatic hydrocarbons. We report the characterisation of 20 compounds extracted from the rhizome of H. coccineum: four sugars and 16 compounds belonging to the PhP family. The compounds include five aglycones and seven glycosylated compounds, of which four contain malonate esters in their structures. Characterisation of these compounds was achieved through 1D and 2D NMR, MS analysis and comparison to the known phytochemistry of other species from the Haemodorum genus. Preliminary anti-microbial activity of the crude extract shows significant inhibition of the growth of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, but no activity against Candida albicans. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Polyphenolic Compounds from Nature Products: Extraction, Analysis and Biological Properties)
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10 pages, 772 KiB  
Article
Effect of Different Extraction Methods on the Total Phenolics of Sugar Cane Products
by Azrina Azlan, Sharmin Sultana and Ilya Iryani Mahmod
Molecules 2023, 28(11), 4403; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28114403 - 28 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3367
Abstract
The health benefits of sugar cane products are attributed to certain antioxidant compounds in plant materials. The presence of antioxidants in plant materials depends on the extraction method in terms of yield and the number of phenolic compounds identified. This study was carried [...] Read more.
The health benefits of sugar cane products are attributed to certain antioxidant compounds in plant materials. The presence of antioxidants in plant materials depends on the extraction method in terms of yield and the number of phenolic compounds identified. This study was carried out to evaluate the performance of the three extraction methods, which were selected from previous studies to show the effect of the extraction method on the content of antioxidant compounds in different types of sugar. This study also evaluates the potential of different sugar extracts in anti-diabetic activity based on in vitro assays (α-glucosidase and α-amylase). The results showed that sugar cane extracted with acidified ethanol (1.6 M HCl in 60% ethanol) was the best condition to extract a high yield of phenolic acids compared to other methods. Among the three types of sugar, less refined sugar (LRS) showed the highest yield of phenolic compounds, 57.72 µg/g, compared to brown sugar (BS) and refined sugar (RS) sugar, which were at 42.19 µg/g and 22.06 µg/g, respectively. Whereas, among the sugar cane derivatives, LRS showed minor and BS moderate inhibition towards α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity compared to white sugar (RS). Thus, it is suggested that sugar cane extracted with acidified ethanol (1.6 M HCl in 60% ethanol) is the optimum experimental condition for antioxidant content determination and provides a basis for further exploitation of the health-beneficial resources of the sugarcane products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Polyphenolic Compounds from Nature Products: Extraction, Analysis and Biological Properties)
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15 pages, 1120 KiB  
Article
The Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Polyphenols from Mexican Firecracker (Hamelia patens Jacq.): Evaluation of Bioactivities and Identification of Phytochemicals by HPLC-ESI-MS
by María del Carmen Gutiérrez-Sánchez, Pedro Aguilar-Zárate, Mariela Ramona Michel-Michel, Juan Alberto Ascacio-Valdés and Abigail Reyes-Munguía
Molecules 2022, 27(24), 8845; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27248845 - 13 Dec 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2021
Abstract
The objective of the present work was to optimize the extraction of phytochemicals from Hamelia patens Jacq. by ultrasound-assisted extraction. Taguchi L9 orthogonal array was used to evaluate the factors solid/liquid ratio (1:8, 1:12, and 1:16), extraction time (10, 20, and 30 min), [...] Read more.
The objective of the present work was to optimize the extraction of phytochemicals from Hamelia patens Jacq. by ultrasound-assisted extraction. Taguchi L9 orthogonal array was used to evaluate the factors solid/liquid ratio (1:8, 1:12, and 1:16), extraction time (10, 20, and 30 min), and ethanol concentration (0, 35, and 70%). Total polyphenols were the response variable. Chromatographic fractionation using Amberlite XAD-16 was carried out and the total polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins were quantified. The redox potential, the reduction of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and the lipid oxidation inhibition were determined. Anti-bacterial activity was evaluated. The phytochemicals were identified by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Optimal extraction conditions were a solid/liquid ratio of 1:16, ethanol of 35%, and 10 min of ultrasound-assisted extraction. Maximum polyphenol content in the crude extract was 1689.976 ± 86.430 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g of dried plant material. The purified fraction showed a total polyphenols content of 3552.84 ± 7.25 mg of GAE, flavonoids 1316.17 ± 0.27 mg of catechin equivalents, and condensed tannins 1694.87 ± 22.21 mg of procyanidin B1 equivalents, all per 100 g of purified fraction. Its redox potential was 553.93 ± 1.22 mV, reducing 63.08 ± 0.42% of DPPH radical and inhibiting 77.78 ± 2.78% of lipid oxidation. The polyphenols demonstrated antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Enterococcus faecalis. The HPLC-ESI-MS analysis revealed the presence of coumarins, hydroxycinnamic acids, and flavonoids. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Polyphenolic Compounds from Nature Products: Extraction, Analysis and Biological Properties)
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18 pages, 777 KiB  
Review
Application of Polyphenols and Flavonoids in Oncological Therapy
by Szymon Roszkowski
Molecules 2023, 28(10), 4080; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104080 - 13 May 2023
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2621
Abstract
The use of naturally derived drugs in anti-cancer therapies has grown exponentially in recent years. Among natural compounds, polyphenols have shown potential therapeutic applications in treatment due to their protective functions in plants, their use as food additives, and their excellent antioxidant properties, [...] Read more.
The use of naturally derived drugs in anti-cancer therapies has grown exponentially in recent years. Among natural compounds, polyphenols have shown potential therapeutic applications in treatment due to their protective functions in plants, their use as food additives, and their excellent antioxidant properties, resulting in beneficial effects on human health. Building more efficient cancer therapies with fewer side effects on human health can be achieved by combining natural compounds with conventional drugs, which are typically more aggressive than natural chemicals with polyphenols. This article reviews a wide variety of studies where polyphenolic compounds can play a key role as anticancer drugs, alone or in combination with other drugs. Moreover, the future directions of applications of various polyphenols in cancer therapy are shown. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Polyphenolic Compounds from Nature Products: Extraction, Analysis and Biological Properties)
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