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Biomedical Applications of Cerium-Doped Materials and Nanoceria
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Biomedical Applications of Cerium-Doped Materials and Nanoceria

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2020) | Viewed by 29900

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Francesco Baino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
Interests: ceramics; glasses; porous materials; additive manufacturing; bioactive glasses; bioceramics; composites; tissue engineering; multifunctional biomaterials; biomedical scaffolds; advanced ceramics; sustainable materials; waste management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Saeid Kargozar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Interests: biomaterials; bone bioengineering; stem cells; biomaterials for tissue engineering; advanced bioceramics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of new biomaterial-based strategies to accelerate the repair and regeneration processes of human tissues is of utmost importance in tissue engineering approaches. In this regard, cerium-based biomaterials and nanomaterials have recently attracted great attention due to their suitable and highly interesting biological properties, including their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. As a result, there is evidence that the incorporation of cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) into implantable biomaterials and scaffolds can contribute to improving the healing processes of different hard and soft tissues.
This Special Issue will cover the latest advances related to the production, characterization, and potential clinical use of cerium-based biomaterials, including new synthesis methods, tissue-engineering scaffolds and nanoparticles, drug delivery systems, diagnostic labelling and probing, cell–material and tissue–material interactions, advanced therapies (e.g., cancer treatment), and toxicological issues.
We are very pleased to invite you to submit a manuscript to the Special Issue “Biomedical Applications of Derium-Doped Materials and Nanoceria”. Full research articles, short communications, and comprehensive review papers covering all aspects of research about cerium oxide-based materials are welcome.

Prof. Francesco Baino
Assist. Prof. Saeid Kargozar
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Nanoceria
  • Cerium oxide
  • Biomaterials
  • Bioceramics
  • Nanoparticles
  • Scaffold
  • Nanocomposites
  • Angiogenesis
  • Anti-inflammatory activity
  • Anti-oxidant properties
  • Antibacterial
  • Regenerative medicine
  • Tissue engineering
  • Bone repair
  • Wound healing
  • Cancer treatment

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 3688 KiB  
Article
Hyaluronic Acid Loaded with Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles as Antioxidant in Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Chondrocytes Injury: An In Vitro Osteoarthritis Model
by Yi-Wen Lin, Chih-Hsiang Fang, Fan-Qi Meng, Cherng-Jyh Ke and Feng-Huei Lin
Molecules 2020, 25(19), 4407; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25194407 - 25 Sep 2020
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 4462
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease type and is accompanied by varying degrees of functional limitation. Both hyaluronic acid (HA) joint injections and pain relievers are efficient treatments for early-stage osteoarthritis. However, for the decomposition by hyaluronidase and free radicals in [...] Read more.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease type and is accompanied by varying degrees of functional limitation. Both hyaluronic acid (HA) joint injections and pain relievers are efficient treatments for early-stage osteoarthritis. However, for the decomposition by hyaluronidase and free radicals in the knee joint, HA injection treatment has limited effect time. The cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2) is a long time free radical scavenger. CeO2 combined with HA expected, may extend the HA decomposition time and have a positive effect on osteoarthritis therapy. In this study, CeO2 was successfully synthesized using the hydrothermal method with a particle size of about 120 nm, which possessed excellent dispersibility in the culture medium. The in vitro OA model was established by cell treated with H2O2 for 30 min. Our study found that the inhibition of chondrocyte proliferation dose-dependently increased with H2O2 concentration but was significantly decreased by supplementation of cerium oxide nanoparticles. COL2a1 and ACAN gene expression in chondrocytes was significantly decreased after H2O2 treatment; however, the tendency was changed after cerium oxide nanoparticles treatment, which suggested that damaged chondrocytes were protected against oxidative stress. These findings suggest that cerium oxide nanoparticles are potential therapeutic applications in the early stage of OA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomedical Applications of Cerium-Doped Materials and Nanoceria)
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16 pages, 4644 KiB  
Article
Treatment of Human Lens Epithelium with High Levels of Nanoceria Leads to Reactive Oxygen Species Mediated Apoptosis
by Belal I. Hanafy, Gareth W. V. Cave, Yvonne Barnett and Barbara Pierscionek
Molecules 2020, 25(3), 441; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030441 - 21 Jan 2020
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 4172
Abstract
Nanoceria (cerium oxide nanoparticles) have been shown to protect human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) from oxidative stress when used at low concentrations. However, there is a lack of understanding about the mechanism of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of nanoceria when used at [...] Read more.
Nanoceria (cerium oxide nanoparticles) have been shown to protect human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) from oxidative stress when used at low concentrations. However, there is a lack of understanding about the mechanism of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of nanoceria when used at higher concentrations. Here, we investigated the impact of 24-hour exposure to nanoceria in HLECs. Nanoceria’s effects on basal reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial morphology, membrane potential, ATP, genotoxicity, caspase activation and apoptotic hallmarks were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) studies on isolated mitochondria revealed significant uptake and localization of nanoceria in the mitochondria. At high nanoceria concentrations (400 µg mL−1), intracellular levels of ROS were increased and the HLECs exhibited classical hallmarks of apoptosis. These findings concur with the cells maintaining normal ATP levels necessary to execute the apoptotic process. These results highlight the need for nanoceria dose-effect studies on a range of cells and tissues to identify therapeutic concentrations in vitro or in vivo. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomedical Applications of Cerium-Doped Materials and Nanoceria)
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10 pages, 2735 KiB  
Article
Nickel-Doped Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles: Green Synthesis Using Stevia and Protective Effect against Harmful Ultraviolet Rays
by Mehrdad Khatami, Mina Sarani, Faride Mosazadeh, Mohammadreza Rajabalipour, Alireza Izadi, Meghdad Abdollahpour-Alitappeh, Marcos Augusto Lima Nobre and Fariba Borhani
Molecules 2019, 24(24), 4424; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244424 - 4 Dec 2019
Cited by 46 | Viewed by 7294
Abstract
Nanoparticles of cerium oxide CeO2 are important nanomaterials with remarkable properties for use in both industrial and non-industrial fields. In a general way, doping of oxide nanometric with transition metals improves the properties of nanoparticles. In this study, nickel- doped cerium oxide [...] Read more.
Nanoparticles of cerium oxide CeO2 are important nanomaterials with remarkable properties for use in both industrial and non-industrial fields. In a general way, doping of oxide nanometric with transition metals improves the properties of nanoparticles. In this study, nickel- doped cerium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized from Stevia rebaudiana extract. Both doped and non-doped nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray, Raman spectroscopy, and Vibrating-Sample Magnetometry analysis. According to X-ray diffraction, Raman and Energy Dispersive X-ray crystalline and single phase of CeO2 and Ni doped CeO2 nanoparticles exhibiting fluorite structure with F2g mode were synthesized. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy shows that CeO2 and Ni doped nanoparticles have spherical shape and sizes ranging of 8 to 10 nm. Ni doping of CeO2 results in an increasing of magnetic properties. The enhancement of ultraviolet protector character via Ni doping of CeO2 is also discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomedical Applications of Cerium-Doped Materials and Nanoceria)
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10 pages, 2802 KiB  
Article
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Absorption through Intact and Damaged Human Skin
by Marcella Mauro, Matteo Crosera, Matteo Monai, Tiziano Montini, Paolo Fornasiero, Massimo Bovenzi, Gianpiero Adami, Gianluca Turco and Francesca Larese Filon
Molecules 2019, 24(20), 3759; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24203759 - 18 Oct 2019
Cited by 36 | Viewed by 4830
Abstract
Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are used in polishing products and absorbents, as promoters in wound healing, and as organopesticide decontaminants. While systemic bioaccumulation and organ toxicity has been described after inhalation, data on CeO2 NPs’ transdermal permeation are lacking. [...] Read more.
Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are used in polishing products and absorbents, as promoters in wound healing, and as organopesticide decontaminants. While systemic bioaccumulation and organ toxicity has been described after inhalation, data on CeO2 NPs’ transdermal permeation are lacking. Our study was an in vitro investigation of the permeation of 17-nm CeO2 NPs dispersed in synthetic sweat (1 g L−1) using excised human skin on Franz cells. Experiments were performed using intact and needle-abraded skin, separately. The average amount of Ce into intact and damaged skin samples was 3.64 ± 0.15 and 7.07 ± 0.78 µg cm−2, respectively (mean ± SD, p = 0.04). Ce concentration in the receiving solution was 2.0 ± 0.4 and 3.3 ± 0.7 ng cm−2 after 24 h (p = 0.008). The Ce content was higher in dermal layers of damaged skin compared to intact skin (2.93 ± 0.71 µg cm−2 and 0.39 ± 0.16 µg cm−2, respectively; p = 0.004). Our data showed a very low dermal absorption and transdermal permeation of cerium, providing a first indication of Ce skin uptake due to contact with CeO2. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomedical Applications of Cerium-Doped Materials and Nanoceria)
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Review

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25 pages, 7143 KiB  
Review
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (Nanoceria): Hopes in Soft Tissue Engineering
by Hossein Sadidi, Sara Hooshmand, Ali Ahmadabadi, Seyed Javad Hoseini, Francesco Baino, Morvarid Vatanpour and Saeid Kargozar
Molecules 2020, 25(19), 4559; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25194559 - 6 Oct 2020
Cited by 68 | Viewed by 8148
Abstract
Several biocompatible materials have been applied for managing soft tissue lesions; cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs, or nanoceria) are among the most promising candidates due to their outstanding properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and angiogenic activities. Much attention should be paid to the physical [...] Read more.
Several biocompatible materials have been applied for managing soft tissue lesions; cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs, or nanoceria) are among the most promising candidates due to their outstanding properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and angiogenic activities. Much attention should be paid to the physical properties of nanoceria, since most of its biological characteristics are directly determined by some of these relevant parameters, including the particle size and shape. Nanoceria, either in bare or functionalized forms, showed the excellent capability of accelerating the healing process of both acute and chronic wounds. The skin, heart, nervous system, and ophthalmic tissues are the main targets of nanoceria-based therapies, and the other soft tissues may also be evaluated in upcoming experimental studies. For the repair and regeneration of soft tissue damage and defects, nanoceria-incorporated film, hydrogel, and nanofibrous scaffolds have been proven to be highly suitable replacements with satisfactory outcomes. Still, some concerns have remained regarding the long-term effects of nanoceria administration for human tissues and organs, such as its clearance from the vital organs. Moreover, looking at the future, it seems necessary to design and develop three-dimensional (3D) printed scaffolds containing nanoceria for possible use in the concepts of personalized medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomedical Applications of Cerium-Doped Materials and Nanoceria)
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