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Nanomaterials
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Synthesis of Functionalized Carbon Nanostructures and Their Electrochemical Applications
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Synthesis of Functionalized Carbon Nanostructures and Their Electrochemical Applications

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "2D and Carbon Nanomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 14235

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Seoung-Ki Lee

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
Interests: 2D material; semiconductor; sensor; flexible electronics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The discoveries of new carbon nanomaterials (i.e. fullerene, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon quantum-dots, carbon nanohorns, nanodiamonds, carbon black and graphdiyne) have been the subject of extensive scientific research and have led to an unprecedented impact in the field of modern nanotechnology over the last few decades, due to their significant electronic, chemical, optical, mechanical and thermal properties. Moreover, carbon nanomaterial-based composites offer fundamentally new capabilities to architect a broad function of novel materials, which possess unique nontraditional properties. In the flow of these science and technologies, the scope of this Special Issue, entitled “Functionalized Carbon Nanostructures for Electrochemical Applications”, is to offer the latest cutting-edge research and development in the field. Research papers related to the synthesis, materials design and characterization of novel carbon nanomaterials or related composites and their electrochemical applications, such as electrochemical sensing, electrocatalysis, electrochemical energy storage, diagnostics, biomedicine, etc., are welcome in this Special Issue.

Dr. Seoung-ki Lee
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanocarbon
  • composite
  • synthesis
  • material design
  • electrochemical sensing
  • electrocatalysis
  • energy storage
  • biomedicine

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 4076 KiB  
Article
Improved Electrochemical Hydrogen Peroxide Detection Using a Nickel(II) Phthalimide-Substituted Porphyrazine Combined with Various Carbon Nanomaterials
by Amanda Leda, Mina Hassani, Tomasz Rebis, Michal Falkowski, Jaroslaw Piskorz, Dariusz T. Mlynarczyk, Peter McNeice and Grzegorz Milczarek
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(5), 862; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13050862 - 25 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2374
Abstract
A metal-free porphyrazine derivative with peripheral phthalimide substituents was metallated with a nickel(II) ion. The purity of the nickel macrocycle was confirmed using HPLC, and characterized by MS, UV–VIS, and 1D (1H, 13C) and 2D (1H–13C [...] Read more.
A metal-free porphyrazine derivative with peripheral phthalimide substituents was metallated with a nickel(II) ion. The purity of the nickel macrocycle was confirmed using HPLC, and characterized by MS, UV–VIS, and 1D (1H, 13C) and 2D (1H–13C HSQC, 1H–13C HMBC, 1H–1H COSY) NMR techniques. The novel porphyrazine was combined with various carbon nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes—single walled (SWCNTs) and multi-walled (MWCNTs), and electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (rGO), to create hybrid electroactive electrode materials. The carbon nanomaterials’ effect on the electrocatalytic properties of nickel(II) cations was compared. As a result, an extensive electrochemical characterization of the synthesized metallated porphyrazine derivative on various carbon nanostructures was carried out using cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). An electrode modified with carbon nanomaterials GC/MWCNTs, GC/SWCNTs, or GC/rGO, respectively, was shown to have a lower overpotential than a bare glassy carbon electrode (GC), allowing for the measurement of hydrogen peroxide in neutral conditions (pH 7.4). It was shown that among the tested carbon nanomaterials, the modified electrode GC/MWCNTs/Pz3 exhibited the best electrocatalytic properties in the direction of hydrogen peroxide oxidation/reduction. The prepared sensor was determined to enable a linear response to H2O2 in concentrations ranging between 20–1200 µM with the detection limit of 18.57 µM and sensitivity of 14.18 µA mM−1 cm−2. As a result of this research, the sensors produced here may find use in biomedical and environmental applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis of Functionalized Carbon Nanostructures and Their Electrochemical Applications)
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13 pages, 4140 KiB  
Article
Hydrogels from a Self-Assembling Tripeptide and Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs): Comparison between Single-Walled and Double-Walled CNTs
by Petr Rozhin, Slavko Kralj, Brigitte Soula, Silvia Marchesan and Emmanuel Flahaut
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(5), 847; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13050847 - 24 Feb 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2088
Abstract
Supramolecular hydrogels obtained from the self-organization of simple peptides, such as tripeptides, are attractive soft materials. Their viscoelastic properties can be enhanced through the inclusion of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), although their presence can also hinder self-assembly, thus requiring investigation of the compatibility of [...] Read more.
Supramolecular hydrogels obtained from the self-organization of simple peptides, such as tripeptides, are attractive soft materials. Their viscoelastic properties can be enhanced through the inclusion of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), although their presence can also hinder self-assembly, thus requiring investigation of the compatibility of CNMs with peptide supramolecular organization. In this work, we compared single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) as nanostructured additives for a tripeptide hydrogel, revealing superior performance by the latter. Several spectroscopic techniques, as well as thermogravimetric analyses, microscopy, and rheology data, provide details to elucidate the structure and behavior of nanocomposite hydrogels of this kind. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis of Functionalized Carbon Nanostructures and Their Electrochemical Applications)
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11 pages, 1480 KiB  
Article
Effect of Measurement System Configuration and Operating Conditions on 2D Material-Based Gas Sensor Sensitivity
by Jongwon Ryu, Seob Shim, Jeongin Song, Jaeseo Park, Ha Sul Kim, Seoung-Ki Lee, Jae Cheol Shin, Jihun Mun and Sang-Woo Kang
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(3), 573; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13030573 - 31 Jan 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2684
Abstract
Gas sensors applied in real-time detection of toxic gas leakage, air pollution, and respiration patterns require a reliable test platform to evaluate their characteristics, such as sensitivity and detection limits. However, securing reliable characteristics of a gas sensor is difficult, owing to the [...] Read more.
Gas sensors applied in real-time detection of toxic gas leakage, air pollution, and respiration patterns require a reliable test platform to evaluate their characteristics, such as sensitivity and detection limits. However, securing reliable characteristics of a gas sensor is difficult, owing to the structural difference between the gas sensor measurement platform and the difference in measurement methods. This study investigates the effect of measurement conditions and system configurations on the sensitivity of two-dimensional (2D) material-based gas sensors. Herein, we developed a testbed to evaluate the response characteristics of MoS2-based gas sensors under a NO2 gas flow, which allows variations in their system configurations. Additionally, we demonstrated that the distance between the gas inlet and the sensor and gas inlet orientation influences the sensor performance. As the distance to the 2D gas sensor surface decreased from 4 to 2 mm, the sensitivity of the sensor improved to 9.20%. Furthermore, when the gas inlet orientation was perpendicular to the gas sensor surface, the sensitivity of the sensor was the maximum (4.29%). To attain the optimum operating conditions of the MoS2-based gas sensor, the effects of measurement conditions, such as gas concentration and temperature, on the sensitivity of the gas sensor were investigated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis of Functionalized Carbon Nanostructures and Their Electrochemical Applications)
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19 pages, 3142 KiB  
Article
Metal Oxide Wrapped by Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries
by Junaid Aslam and Yong Wang
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(2), 296; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13020296 - 11 Jan 2023
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3275
Abstract
The reduced graphene oxide/iron oxide (rGO/Fe2O3) and reduced graphene oxide/cobalt oxide (rGO/Co3O4) composite anodes have been successfully prepared through a simple and scalable ball-milling synthesis. The substantial interaction of Fe2O3 and Co [...] Read more.
The reduced graphene oxide/iron oxide (rGO/Fe2O3) and reduced graphene oxide/cobalt oxide (rGO/Co3O4) composite anodes have been successfully prepared through a simple and scalable ball-milling synthesis. The substantial interaction of Fe2O3 and Co3O4 with the rGO matrix strengthens the electronic conductivity and limits the volume variation during cycling in the rGO/Fe2O3 and rGO/Co3O4 composites because reduced graphene oxide (rGO) helps the metal oxides (MOs) to attain a more efficient diffusion of Li-ions and leads to high specific capacities. As anode materials for LIBs, the rGO/Fe2O3 and rGO/Co3O4 composites demonstrate overall superb electrochemical properties, especially rGO/Fe2O3T−5 and rGO/Co3O4T−5, showcasing higher reversible capacities of 1021 and 773 mAhg−1 after 100 cycles at 100 mAg−1, accompanied by the significant rate performance. Because of their superior electrochemical efficiency, high capacity and low cost, the rGO/Fe2O3 and rGO/Co3O4 composites made by ball milling could be outstanding anode materials for LIBs. Due to the excellent electrochemical performance, the rGO/Fe2O3 and rGO/Co3O4 composites prepared via ball milling could be promising anode materials with a high capacity and low cost for LIBs. The findings may provide shed some light on how other metal oxides wrapped by rGO can be prepared for future applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis of Functionalized Carbon Nanostructures and Their Electrochemical Applications)
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10 pages, 3022 KiB  
Article
Uniformity of HfO2 Thin Films Prepared on Trench Structures via Plasma-Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition
by Boyun Choi, Hyeong-U Kim and Nari Jeon
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(1), 161; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13010161 - 29 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3183
Abstract
In this study, we assessed the physical and chemical properties of HfO2 thin films deposited by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD). We confirmed the self-limiting nature of the surface reactions involved in the HfO2 thin film’s growth by tracing the changes [...] Read more.
In this study, we assessed the physical and chemical properties of HfO2 thin films deposited by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD). We confirmed the self-limiting nature of the surface reactions involved in the HfO2 thin film’s growth by tracing the changes in the growth rate and refractive index with respect to the different dose times of the Hf precursor and O2 plasma. The PEALD conditions were optimized with consideration of the lowest surface roughness of the films, which was measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM). High-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was utilized to characterize the chemical compositions, and the local chemical environments of the HfO2 thin films were characterized based on their surface roughness and chemical compositions. The surface roughness and chemical bonding states were significantly influenced by the flow rate and plasma power of the O2 plasma. We also examined the uniformity of the films on an 8″ Si wafer and analyzed the step coverage on a trench structure of 1:13 aspect ratio. In addition, the crystallinity and crystalline phases of the thin films prepared under different annealing conditions and underlying layers were analyzed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis of Functionalized Carbon Nanostructures and Their Electrochemical Applications)
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