Nanoparticles: Properties and Potential Applications in Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 7334

Special Issue Editors

Department of Biochemistry, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
Interests: nanomedicine; tumor mechanics; tumor treatment; cancer diagnosis, CRISPR/Cas delivery

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Assistant Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
Interests: mRNA delivery; tumor treatment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, accounting for nearly 10 million deaths in 2020, or nearly one in six deaths. Traditional cancer therapies include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy. Compared to the limitation of traditional therapies, such as lack of specificity, cytotoxicity, and multi-drug resistance, nanomedicine has multiple advantages for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Nanoparticles can be used as cancer therapeutics and diagnosis reagents to treat cancer due to their advantages of reduced toxicity, biocompatibility, better stability, enhanced permeability and retention effect, and precise targeting. Various nanotherapeutics have been developed and investigated for cancer treatment. However, approved nanomedicines for cancer treatment and diagnosis have not increased by much over the years.

This Special Issue will present comprehensive research outlining progress on the application of nanoparticles to improve the efficacy of cancer diagnosis and therapy. This includes improvements in nanoparticle performance through functionalized nanoparticles, optimized nanoparticle size, surface chemistry, cellular targeting, etc. We invite authors to contribute original research articles and review articles covering the current progress on nanoparticle properties and potential applications in tumor diagnosis and therapy. Potential topics include but are not limited to:

  • Synthesis of novel nanoparticles.
  • Fabrication of nanoparticles for improving tumor therapy or diagnosis.
  • Optimization of lipid nanoparticles for delivery of small molecules or macromolecules including nucleic acids.
  • Improvement in tumor therapy efficacy based on nanoparticles.
  • Combined cancer therapy based on nanoparticles.

Dr. Di Zhang
Guest Editor

Dr. Zeru Tian
Assistant Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • magnetic nanoparticles
  • lipid nanoparticles
  • gold nanoparticles
  • polymeric nanoparticles
  • tumor dignotherapy

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 4636 KiB  
Article
Formulation, Optimization and Evaluation of Cytarabine-Loaded Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: From In Vitro to In Vivo Evaluation of Anticancer Activity
by Ritesh Fule, Mohammed Kaleem, Turky Omar Asar, Md Abdur Rashid, Rasheed A. Shaik, Basma G. Eid, Mohammed Z. Nasrullah, Aftab Ahmad and Imran Kazmi
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(1), 175; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13010175 - 30 Dec 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2418
Abstract
Innovative drug delivery systems based on iron oxide nanoparticles (INPs) has generated a lot of interest worldwide and have prime biomedical benefits in anticancer therapy. There are still issues reported regarding the stability, absorption, and toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles (INPs) when administered [...] Read more.
Innovative drug delivery systems based on iron oxide nanoparticles (INPs) has generated a lot of interest worldwide and have prime biomedical benefits in anticancer therapy. There are still issues reported regarding the stability, absorption, and toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles (INPs) when administered due to its rapid surface oxidation and agglomeration with blood proteins. To solve this problem, we have synthesized trehalose-coated stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles (TINPs) by a co-precipitation technique. The surface coating of INPs with trehalose helps to improve the stability, prevents protein binding, and increase absorption uptake inside the body. Developed TINPs was then loaded with anticancer drug cytarabine by chemical crosslinking encapsulation method using suitable solvent. Engineered cytarabine-loaded trehalose-coated stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles (CY-TINPs) were optimized for particle size, zeta potential (−13.03 mV), and solid-state characterization such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) studies. The particle size of 50 nm was achieved for developed CY-TINPs. The developed CY-TINPs was further evaluated for in vitro cell line investigations which confirmed potential cytotoxic activity. Developed CY-TINPs show remarkable enhancement in in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters Cmax as 425.26 ± 2.11 and AUC0–72 as 11,546.64 ± 139.82 as compared to pure drug. Compared to traditional drug delivery, the CY-TINPs formulation can effectively delay release, improve bioavailability, and boost cytotoxic activity against tumors. Full article
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Review

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27 pages, 2276 KiB  
Review
Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery: From History to Therapeutic Applications
by Obaid Afzal, Abdulmalik S. A. Altamimi, Muhammad Shahid Nadeem, Sami I. Alzarea, Waleed Hassan Almalki, Aqsa Tariq, Bismillah Mubeen, Bibi Nazia Murtaza, Saima Iftikhar, Naeem Riaz and Imran Kazmi
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(24), 4494; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12244494 - 19 Dec 2022
Cited by 121 | Viewed by 17554
Abstract
Current research into the role of engineered nanoparticles in drug delivery systems (DDSs) for medical purposes has developed numerous fascinating nanocarriers. This paper reviews the various conventionally used and current used carriage system to deliver drugs. Due to numerous drawbacks of conventional DDSs, [...] Read more.
Current research into the role of engineered nanoparticles in drug delivery systems (DDSs) for medical purposes has developed numerous fascinating nanocarriers. This paper reviews the various conventionally used and current used carriage system to deliver drugs. Due to numerous drawbacks of conventional DDSs, nanocarriers have gained immense interest. Nanocarriers like polymeric nanoparticles, mesoporous nanoparticles, nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, liposomes, metallic nanoparticles, nanomedicine, and engineered nanomaterials are used as carriage systems for targeted delivery at specific sites of affected areas in the body. Nanomedicine has rapidly grown to treat certain diseases like brain cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and many others. These nanomedicines can improve drug bioavailability and drug absorption time, reduce release time, eliminate drug aggregation, and enhance drug solubility in the blood. Nanomedicine has introduced a new era for drug carriage by refining the therapeutic directories of the energetic pharmaceutical elements engineered within nanoparticles. In this context, the vital information on engineered nanoparticles was reviewed and conferred towards the role in drug carriage systems to treat many ailments. All these nanocarriers were tested in vitro and in vivo. In the coming years, nanomedicines can improve human health more effectively by adding more advanced techniques into the drug delivery system. Full article
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