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Nanomaterials
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State-of-the-Art of Nanocomposite Materials in China
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State-of-the-Art of Nanocomposite Materials in China

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanocomposite Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 24953

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Xiaoyan Li

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Guest Editor
Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Interests: low-dimensional materials; carbon-based materials; nanocomposite materials; mechanical metamaterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Kai Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Interests: mechanical, electrical properties and application of low-dimensional materials and carbon-based composites
Prof. Dr. Yinghui Sun

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Department of Applied Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: low-dimensional materials; metal–matrix composites

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the past few decades, nanocomposites have been rapidly developed in China. Due to the presence of nanoscale phases in the composites, nanocomposites have exhibited unprecedented flexibility and improvement in their physical properties. Nanocomposites have a wide application in the fields of energy conversion and storage, sensing, electronic devices, and biomedical tissue engineering.

Aiming at highlighting recent advances in nanocomposites in China, this Special Issue will focus on the design, synthesis, performance, and application of various nanocomposites and provide a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art nanocomposites in China.

Because of your expertise in nanocomposites, we cordially invite you to contribute a paper to this Special Issue. Full papers, communications, and reviews are all welcome. The deadline for submission is November 30, 2021.

Thank you very much in advance for your time and consideration.

Prof. Dr. Xiaoyan Li
Prof. Dr. Kai Liu
Prof. Dr. Yinghui Sun
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Synthesis and application of nanocomposites
  • Design and architecture of nanocomposites
  • Mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of nanocomposites
  • Metal–matrix composites reinforced with nanomaterials
  • Ceramic–matrix nanocomposites with nanoscale materials
  • Polymer–matrix nanocomposites
  • Mechanics of nanocomposites
  • Computational modeling for nanocomposites

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Published Papers (8 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 3608 KiB  
Article
Construction of the Heterostructure of NiPt Truncated Octahedral Nanoparticle/MoS2 and Its Interfacial Structure Evolution
by Congyan Mu, Hao Li, Liang Zhou, Huanyu Ye, Rongming Wang and Yinghui Sun
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(11), 1777; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13111777 - 31 May 2023
Viewed by 1388
Abstract
Interfacial atomic configuration plays a vital role in the structural stability and functionality of nanocomposites composed of metal nanoparticles (NPs) and two−dimensional semiconductors. In situ transmission electron microscope (TEM) provides a real−time technique to observe the interface structure at atomic resolution. Herein, we [...] Read more.
Interfacial atomic configuration plays a vital role in the structural stability and functionality of nanocomposites composed of metal nanoparticles (NPs) and two−dimensional semiconductors. In situ transmission electron microscope (TEM) provides a real−time technique to observe the interface structure at atomic resolution. Herein, we loaded bimetallic NiPt truncated octahedral NPs (TONPs) on MoS2 nanosheets and constructed a NiPt TONPs/MoS2 heterostructure. The interfacial structure evolution of NiPt TONPs on MoS2 was in situ investigated using aberration−corrected TEM. It was observed that some NiPt TONPs exhibited lattice matching with MoS2 and displayed remarkable stability under electron beam irradiation. Intriguingly, the rotation of an individual NiPt TONP can be triggered by the electron beam to match the MoS2 lattice underneath. Furthermore, the coalescence kinetics of NiPt TONPs can be quantitatively described by the relationship between neck radius (r) and time (t), expressed as rn = Kt. Our work offers a detailed analysis of the lattice alignment relationship of NiPt TONPs on MoS2, which may enlighten the design and preparation of stable bimetallic metal NPs/MoS2 heterostructures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art of Nanocomposite Materials in China)
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14 pages, 3197 KiB  
Article
Nonmetallic Active Sites on Nickel Phosphide in Oxygen Evolution Reaction
by Pengfei Zhang, Hongmei Qiu, Huicong Li, Jiangang He, Yingying Xu and Rongming Wang
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(7), 1130; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12071130 - 29 Mar 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2559
Abstract
Efficient and durable catalysts are crucial for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The discovery of the high OER catalytic activity in Ni12P5 has attracted a great deal of attention recently. Herein, the microscopic mechanism of OER on the surface of [...] Read more.
Efficient and durable catalysts are crucial for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The discovery of the high OER catalytic activity in Ni12P5 has attracted a great deal of attention recently. Herein, the microscopic mechanism of OER on the surface of Ni12P5 is studied using density functional theory calculations (DFT) and ab initio molecular dynamics simulation (AIMD). Our results demonstrate that the H2O molecule is preferentially adsorbed on the P atom instead of on the Ni atom, indicating that the nonmetallic P atom is the active site of the OER reaction. AIMD simulations show that the dissociation of H from the H2O molecule takes place in steps; the hydrogen bond changes from Oa-H⋯Ob to Oa⋯H-Ob, then the hydrogen bond breaks and an H+ is dissociated. In the OER reaction on nickel phosphides, the rate-determining step is the formation of the OOH group and the overpotential of Ni12P5 is the lowest, thus showing enhanced catalytic activity over other nickel phosphides. Moreover, we found that the charge of Ni and P sites has a linear relationship with the adsorption energy of OH and O, which can be utilized to optimize the OER catalyst. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art of Nanocomposite Materials in China)
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11 pages, 2743 KiB  
Article
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hierarchical SnO2 Nanostructures for Improved Formaldehyde Gas Sensing
by Pengyu Ren, Lingling Qi, Kairui You and Qingwei Shi
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(2), 228; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12020228 - 11 Jan 2022
Cited by 40 | Viewed by 3211
Abstract
The indoor environment of buildings affects people’s daily life. Indoor harmful gases include volatile organic gas and greenhouse gas. Therefore, the detection of harmful gas by gas sensors is a key method for developing green buildings. The reasonable design of SnO2-sensing [...] Read more.
The indoor environment of buildings affects people’s daily life. Indoor harmful gases include volatile organic gas and greenhouse gas. Therefore, the detection of harmful gas by gas sensors is a key method for developing green buildings. The reasonable design of SnO2-sensing materials with excellent structures is an ideal choice for gas sensors. In this study, three types of hierarchical SnO2 microspheres assembled with one-dimensional nanorods, including urchin-like microspheres (SN-1), flower-like microspheres (SN-2), and hydrangea-like microspheres (SN-3), are prepared by a simple hydrothermal method and further applied as gas-sensing materials for an indoor formaldehyde (HCHO) gas-sensing test. The SN-1 sample-based gas sensor demonstrates improved HCHO gas-sensing performance, especially demonstrating greater sensor responses and faster response/recovery speeds than SN-2- and SN-3-based gas sensors. The improved HCHO gas-sensing properties could be mainly attributed to the structural difference of smaller nanorods. These results further indicate the uniqueness of the structure of the SN-1 sample and its suitability as HCHO- sensing material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art of Nanocomposite Materials in China)
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12 pages, 3586 KiB  
Article
A Novel Long Short-Term Memory Based Optimal Strategy for Bio-Inspired Material Design
by Bin Ding, Dong Li and Yuli Chen
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(6), 1389; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11061389 - 25 May 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2263
Abstract
Biological materials have attracted a lot of attention due to their simultaneous superior stiffness and toughness, which are conventionally attributed to their staggered structure (also known as brick and mortar) at the most elementary nanoscale level and self-similar hierarchy at the overall level. [...] Read more.
Biological materials have attracted a lot of attention due to their simultaneous superior stiffness and toughness, which are conventionally attributed to their staggered structure (also known as brick and mortar) at the most elementary nanoscale level and self-similar hierarchy at the overall level. Numerous theoretical, numerical, and experimental studies have been conducted to determine the mechanism behind the load-bearing capacity of the staggered structure, while few studies focus on whether the staggered structure is globally optimal in the entire design space at the nanoscale level. Here, from the view of structural optimization, we develop a novel long short-term memory (LSTM) based iterative strategy for optimal design to demonstrate the simultaneous best stiffness and toughness of the staggered structure. Our strategy is capable of both rapid discovery and high accuracy based on less than 10% of the entire design space. Besides, our strategy could obtain and maintain all of the best sample configurations during iterations, which can hardly be done by the convolutional neural network (CNN)-based optimal strategy. Moreover, we discuss the possible future material design based on the failure point of the staggered structure. The LSTM-based optimal design strategy is general and universal, and it may be employed in many other mechanical and material design fields with the premise of conservation of mass and multiple optimal sample configurations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art of Nanocomposite Materials in China)
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10 pages, 10669 KiB  
Article
Influence of the Interface Composition to the Superconductivity of Ti/PdAu Films
by Xiaolong Xu, Mauro Rajteri, Jinjin Li, Shuo Zhang, Jian Chen, Eugenio Monticone, Qing Zhong, Huifang Gao, Wei Li, Xu Li, Qi Li, Yuan Zhong, Wenhui Cao, Shijian Wang, Ying Gao, Zheng Liu and Xueshen Wang
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(1), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11010039 - 25 Dec 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2565
Abstract
In this work, the interface composition of the superconducting Ti/PdAu bilayer is tuned by an annealing process in N2 from 100 to 500 °C to control the superconducting transition temperature (Tc). This Ti-PdAu composition layer is characterized with a [...] Read more.
In this work, the interface composition of the superconducting Ti/PdAu bilayer is tuned by an annealing process in N2 from 100 to 500 °C to control the superconducting transition temperature (Tc). This Ti-PdAu composition layer is characterized with a high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) to show the infiltration process. The surface topography, electrical, and cryogenic properties are also shown. The inter-infiltration of Ti and PdAu induced by the thermal treatments generates an intermixed layer at the interface of the bilayer film. Due to the enforced proximity effect by the annealing process, the Tc of Ti (55 nm)/PdAu (60 nm) bilayer thin films is tuned from an initial value of 243 to 111 mK which is a temperature that is suitable for the application as the function unit of a superconducting transition edge sensor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art of Nanocomposite Materials in China)
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Review

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26 pages, 6499 KiB  
Review
Optimization Methods of Tungsten Oxide-Based Nanostructures as Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting
by Yange Wang, Rongming Wang and Sibin Duan
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(11), 1727; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13111727 - 25 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2477
Abstract
Electrocatalytic water splitting, as a sustainable, pollution-free and convenient method of hydrogen production, has attracted the attention of researchers. However, due to the high reaction barrier and slow four-electron transfer process, it is necessary to develop and design efficient electrocatalysts to promote electron [...] Read more.
Electrocatalytic water splitting, as a sustainable, pollution-free and convenient method of hydrogen production, has attracted the attention of researchers. However, due to the high reaction barrier and slow four-electron transfer process, it is necessary to develop and design efficient electrocatalysts to promote electron transfer and improve reaction kinetics. Tungsten oxide-based nanomaterials have received extensive attention due to their great potential in energy-related and environmental catalysis. To maximize the catalytic efficiency of catalysts in practical applications, it is essential to further understand the structure–property relationship of tungsten oxide-based nanomaterials by controlling the surface/interface structure. In this review, recent methods to enhance the catalytic activities of tungsten oxide-based nanomaterials are reviewed, which are classified into four strategies: morphology regulation, phase control, defect engineering, and heterostructure construction. The structure–property relationship of tungsten oxide-based nanomaterials affected by various strategies is discussed with examples. Finally, the development prospects and challenges in tungsten oxide-based nanomaterials are discussed in the conclusion. We believe that this review provides guidance for researchers to develop more promising electrocatalysts for water splitting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art of Nanocomposite Materials in China)
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14 pages, 2610 KiB  
Review
Recent Progress in Two-Dimensional MoTe2 Hetero-Phase Homojunctions
by Jing Guo and Kai Liu
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(1), 110; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12010110 - 30 Dec 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 6366
Abstract
With the demand for low contact resistance and a clean interface in high-performance field-effect transistors, two-dimensional (2D) hetero-phase homojunctions, which comprise a semiconducting phase of a material as the channel and a metallic phase of the material as electrodes, have attracted growing attention [...] Read more.
With the demand for low contact resistance and a clean interface in high-performance field-effect transistors, two-dimensional (2D) hetero-phase homojunctions, which comprise a semiconducting phase of a material as the channel and a metallic phase of the material as electrodes, have attracted growing attention in recent years. In particular, MoTe2 exhibits intriguing properties and its phase is easily altered from semiconducting 2H to metallic 1T′ and vice versa, owing to the extremely small energy barrier between these two phases. MoTe2 thus finds potential applications in electronics as a representative 2D material with multiple phases. In this review, we briefly summarize recent progress in 2D MoTe2 hetero-phase homojunctions. We first introduce the properties of the diverse phases of MoTe2, demonstrate the approaches to the construction of 2D MoTe2 hetero-phase homojunctions, and then show the applications of the homojunctions. Lastly, we discuss the prospects and challenges in this research field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art of Nanocomposite Materials in China)
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18 pages, 5145 KiB  
Review
Morphology-Dependent Room-Temperature Ferromagnetism in Undoped ZnO Nanostructures
by Hongtao Ren and Gang Xiang
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(12), 3199; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11123199 - 25 Nov 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2673
Abstract
Since Dietl et al. predicted that Co-doped ZnO may show room-temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) in 2000, researchers have focused on the investigation of ferromagnetic ZnO doped with various transition metals. However, after decades of exploration, it has been found that undoped ZnO nanostructures can [...] Read more.
Since Dietl et al. predicted that Co-doped ZnO may show room-temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) in 2000, researchers have focused on the investigation of ferromagnetic ZnO doped with various transition metals. However, after decades of exploration, it has been found that undoped ZnO nanostructures can also show RTFM, which in general is dependent on ZnO morphologies. Here, we will give an overall review on undoped ZnO nanomaterials with RTFM. The advanced strategies to achieve multidimensional (quasi-0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D) ferromagnetic ZnO nanostructures and the mechanisms behind RTFM are systematically presented. We have successfully prepared ferromagnetic nanostructures, including thin films, horizontal arrays and vertical arrays. The existing challenges, including open questions about quantum-bound ZnO nanostructures, are then discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art of Nanocomposite Materials in China)
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