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Therapeutic Potential and Mechanisms of Phytochemical Extracts in Cancer Treatment

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemicals and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 March 2025 | Viewed by 906

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
Interests: quality of food; food supplements; macro- and microelements; toxic elements; food-drug interactions; nutrition; dietary habits; eating patterns; antioxidant status; metabolic syndrome; plants; mushrooms and bee products in supporting cancer treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
Interests: natural extracts; bioactive food components; macro- and microelements; toxic elements; antioxidant status; cancers prevention; anticancer activity; cells apoptosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer incidence is a global problem for countries around the world. A disturbing phenomenon is the continuous increase in the incidence of various types of cancer and high mortality. The current surgical treatments, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, cause numerous side effects and do not give satisfactory results. The data suggest that an increasing number of patients with cancer use some form of complementary and alternative medicine to support therapy. Therefore, there is a great need to understand the underlying mechanisms of tumor progression and search for new natural substances with anticancer potential.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to present research articles that explain the anticancer effects (in vitro and in vivo) of natural bioactive compounds, with particular emphasis on cancer treatment, cancer prevention, and their safety and synergistic effects with chemotherapeutic drugs in anticancer treatment. Research articles covering the effects of crude phytochemical extracts, extracted fractions, and/or pure compounds, as well as their derivatives, with special emphasis on their use of various human cancers and their benefits to human health, are also appreciated.

Dr. Renata Markiewicz-Żukowska
Dr. Justyna Moskwa
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • phytochemicals
  • bioactive molecules
  • functional ingredients
  • plant extracts
  • extraction methods
  • isolation and identification
  • cancers
  • anticancer activity
  • anticancer mechanisms
  • cancer prevention

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 4931 KiB  
Article
Caryophylli Cortex Suppress PD-L1 Expression in Cancer Cells and Potentiates Anti-Tumor Immunity in a Humanized PD-1/PD-L1 Knock-In MC-38 Colon Cancer Mouse Model
by Aeyung Kim, Eun-Ji Lee, Jung Ho Han and Hwan-Suck Chung
Nutrients 2024, 16(24), 4415; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16244415 - 23 Dec 2024
Viewed by 664
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Immune checkpoints are essential for regulating excessive autoimmune responses and maintaining immune homeostasis. However, in the tumor microenvironment, these checkpoints can lead to cytotoxic T cell exhaustion, allowing cancer cells to evade immune surveillance and promote tumor progression. The expression of programmed [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Immune checkpoints are essential for regulating excessive autoimmune responses and maintaining immune homeostasis. However, in the tumor microenvironment, these checkpoints can lead to cytotoxic T cell exhaustion, allowing cancer cells to evade immune surveillance and promote tumor progression. The expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in cancer cells is associated with poor prognoses, reduced survival rates, and lower responses to therapies. Consequently, downregulating PD-L1 expression has become a key strategy in developing immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Caryophylli cortex (CC), derived from the bark of the clove tree Syzygium aromaticum, possesses antioxidant and cytotoxic properties against cancer cells, yet its potential as an ICI remains unclear. Methods: In this study, we aimed to investigate whether CC extract modulates PD-L1 expression in cancer cells and activates T cell immunity through a co-culture system of cancer cells and T cells, as well as in hPD-L1/MC-38 tumor-bearing animal models. Results: Our findings indicate that CC extract significantly downregulated both constitutive and inducible PD-L1 expression at non-toxic concentrations for cancer cells while simultaneously enhancing cancer cell mortality and T cell activity in the co-culture system. Furthermore, the administration of CC extract to hPD-L1/MC-38 tumor-bearing mice resulted in a greater than 70% reduction in tumor growth and increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells within the tumor microenvironment. Principal component analysis identified bergenin, chlorogenic acid, and ellagic acid as active ICIs. Conclusions: These findings suggest that CC extract exerts a potent antitumor effect as an immune checkpoint blocker by inhibiting PD-L1 expression in cancer cells and disrupting the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. Full article
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