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Epidemiological Epigenomics on Nutrition and Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 1308

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Director of Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Interests: epigenomics; nutriepigenomics; mitoepigenetics; DNA methylation; epigenetic clock; nutrition; atlantic diet; ketogenic diet; ketone bodies; bioactive compounds; vitamins; antioxidants; cancer; obesity; oxidative stress; inflammation; adipokines; myokines; hepatokines; body composition; metabolism; biomarkers; liquid biopsia; adipose tissue; liver; muscle; blood leukocytes
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Human health is strongly determined by environmental factors such as dietary patterns, foods, nutrients, pollutants, toxics, or social stress, besides genetics. It is well established that the molecular mechanisms by means of which environmental factors alter biological processes are epigenetic mechanisms. These epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation marks, histone modifications, non-coding RNA (microRNA, long non-coding RNA) and sirtuin expression, epigenetic clock, mitochondrial DNA methylation, and telomere length. Epigenetics play a relevant role in physiological and pathological conditions by regulating gene expression. In this context, there has been growing interest in studying the associations between epigenetic variations and disease susceptibility. However, the elucidation of epigenetic biomarkers and the characterization of epigenetic therapeutic targets are still limited, which make the epidemiological epigenetics an emerging and fruitful field in clinical settings.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to add to the research which uses epigenetics only or in combination with other omic-technologies (genetics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics) in the identification of biomarkers of disease and exposure, or of susceptible populations, as well as in the characterization of modulators of epigenetic mechanisms. This could help to design methods for the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, fatty liver disease, neurological disorders, and cancer, and promote healthy aging.

Submissions may include population-based studies of variation in epigenetic marks, as well as studies regarding the effects of specific diets, dietary patterns, foods, nutrients, bioactive compounds, endocrine disruptors, or toxics (alcohol, tobacco, and abuse drugs) on changes in epigenomics parameters that could be associated with the biological responses and/or the risk of chronic non-communicable diseases and aging. The identification of epigenetic marks as biomarkers or drivers of disease could help to design more precise and personalized programs for disease prevention and management. This identification can be performed in body fluids (plasma, saliva, urine, and sperm) or tissues and at the nuclear or mitochondrial genome.

This Special Issue welcomes the submission of manuscripts describing original research or reviews of the scientific literature in humans (interventional, observational, or cohort studies).

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Ana B. Crujeiras
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • epigenetics
  • nutriepigenomics
  • mitoepigenetics
  • DNA methylation
  • microRNA
  • long non-coding RNA
  • inflammation
  • oxidative stress
  • dietary patterns
  • bioactive compounds
  • vitamins
  • antioxidants
  • disease
  • aging
  • longevity

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 484 KiB  
Article
A Novel Interaction between a 23-SNP Genetic Risk Score and Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Intake on HbA1c Levels in Southeast Asian Women
by Padmini Sekar, Arif S. Aji, Utami Ariyasra, Sri R. Sari, Nabila Tasrif, Finny F. Yani, Julie A. Lovegrove, Ikhwan R. Sudji, Nur I. Lipoeto and Karani S. Vimaleswaran
Nutrients 2024, 16(17), 3022; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16173022 - 6 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1038
Abstract
Metabolic diseases result from interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors. Understanding the combined influences of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and lifestyle is crucial. This study employs genetic risk scores (GRS) to assess SNPs, providing insight beyond single gene/SNP studies by revealing synergistic effects. Here, [...] Read more.
Metabolic diseases result from interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors. Understanding the combined influences of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and lifestyle is crucial. This study employs genetic risk scores (GRS) to assess SNPs, providing insight beyond single gene/SNP studies by revealing synergistic effects. Here, we aim to investigate the association of a 23-SNP GRS with metabolic disease-related traits (obesity and type 2 diabetes) to understand if these associations are altered by lifestyle/dietary factors. For this study, 106 Minangkabau women were included and underwent physical, anthropometric, biochemical, dietary and genetic evaluations. The interaction of GRS with lifestyle factors was analyzed using linear regression models, adjusting for potential confounders. No statistically significant associations were observed between GRS and metabolic traits; however, this study demonstrates a novel interaction observed between 13-SNP GRS and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) intake, and that it had an effect on HbA1c levels (p = 0.026). Minangkabau women with low MUFA intake (≤7.0 g/day) and >13 risk alleles had significantly higher HbA1c levels (p = 0.010). This finding has implications for public health, suggesting the need for large-scale studies to confirm our results before implementing dietary interventions in the Indonesian population. Identifying genetic influences on dietary response can inform personalized nutrition strategies to reduce the risk of metabolic disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Epidemiological Epigenomics on Nutrition and Health)
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