Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
9.2
4.8
Journals
Nutrients
Special Issues
Diet, Exercise and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
nutrients-logo
Submit to Nutrients Review for Nutrients Propose a Special Issue

Journal Menu

► Journal Menu

Journal Browser

► Journal Browser
share announcement

Diet, Exercise and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Diabetes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2022) | Viewed by 27306

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Trine Tegdan Moholdt

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Interests: exercise; nutrition; pregnancy; metabolic health

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Obesity during pregnancy is associated with the development of adverse outcomes, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). GDM increases the risk of both complications during pregnancy and the future susceptibility for future impaired glycaemic control and cardiovascular disease for both mother and child.

Diet modification and increased physical activity are the first-line strategy for prevention and treatment of GDM, yet there is inconclusive evidence for which type of diet and exercise is most beneficial and how lifestyle interventions can be optimised to prevent and treat GDM.

This Special Issue will collate recent high-quality research in the field of GDM, focussing on diet- and/or exercise. Both original research articles and reviews spanning from prevention to treatment of GDM are welcome.

Dr. Trine Tegdan Moholdt
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Pregnancy
  • Exercise
  • Diet
  • Gestational Diabetes

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • e-Book format: Special Issues with more than 10 articles can be published as dedicated e-books, ensuring wide and rapid dissemination.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (6 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

3 pages, 212 KiB  
Editorial
Diet, Exercise and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
by Trine Moholdt
Nutrients 2023, 15(10), 2251; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15102251 - 10 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3002
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as hyperglycaemia with blood glucose values above normal, but below those diagnostic of diabetes, and is the most common metabolic disease in pregnancy [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Exercise and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review

10 pages, 285 KiB  
Article
Role of Beta Cell Function and Insulin Resistance in the Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
by Jonas Ellerbrock, Benthe Spaanderman, Joris van Drongelen, Eva Mulder, Veronica Lopes van Balen, Veronique Schiffer, Laura Jorissen, Robert-Jan Alers, Jeanine Leenen, Chahinda Ghossein-Doha and Marc Spaanderman
Nutrients 2022, 14(12), 2444; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14122444 - 13 Jun 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2725
Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pregnancy complication characterized by second trimester hyperglycemia. Untreated, GDM is related to an increased risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Both beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance underlie impaired glucose tolerance. Understanding the dominant mechanism predisposing to [...] Read more.
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pregnancy complication characterized by second trimester hyperglycemia. Untreated, GDM is related to an increased risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Both beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance underlie impaired glucose tolerance. Understanding the dominant mechanism predisposing to GDM may be important to provide effective treatment in order to improve perinatal outcomes. We hypothesize that insulin resistance rather that beta cell dysfunction predisposes to GDM. Methods: A 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed on 2112 second-trimester pregnant women to determine the relationship between insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), beta cell function (HOMA-β), and the prevalence of abnormal glucose handling. Results: High insulin resistance raised the risk of GDM (relative risk (RR) 6.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) (4.4–8.5)), as did beta cell dysfunction (RR 3.8, 95% CI (2.7–5.4)). High insulin resistance, but not beta cell function, enhances the necessity for additional glucose lowering medication on top of a low carbohydrate diet in women diagnosed with GDM. Conclusions: Both high insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction increase the risk of GDM. As increased insulin resistance, rather than beta cell function, is related to an insufficient response to a low carbohydrate diet, we speculate that insulin sensitizers rather than insulin therapy may be the most targeted therapeutic modality in diet-insensitive GDM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Exercise and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus)
11 pages, 824 KiB  
Article
Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index and Risk of Macrosomia and Large for Gestational Age Births with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus as a Mediator: A Prospective Cohort Study in Central China
by Xinli Song, Jing Shu, Senmao Zhang, Letao Chen, Jingyi Diao, Jinqi Li, Yihuan Li, Jianhui Wei, Yiping Liu, Mengting Sun, Tingting Wang and Jiabi Qin
Nutrients 2022, 14(5), 1072; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14051072 - 3 Mar 2022
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 6524
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the risk of macrosomia and large for gestational age (LGA) births in relation to maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) status mediated through gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This prospective study included 34,104 singleton pregnancies at 8–14 weeks of [...] Read more.
This study aimed to examine the risk of macrosomia and large for gestational age (LGA) births in relation to maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) status mediated through gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This prospective study included 34,104 singleton pregnancies at 8–14 weeks of gestation. The interesting outcomes were macrosomia (≥4000 g) and LGA (≥90th percentile). Mediation analyses were conducted using log-binomial regression adjusted for age, education, parity, fetal sex, and gestational weight gain. The proportion mediated was estimated based on the risk difference scale, and the E-value was utilized to assess potential confounders. Overall, 15.9% of women had GDM, and there were 4.0% macrosomia and 9.9% LGA births. The proportion mediated by GDM on macrosomia was up to 40% among obese women, and the estimate of the total effect was 6.18 (95% CI: 5.26–7.26), of the natural direct effect was 4.10 (95% CI: 3.35–4.99), and of the natural indirect effect was 1.51 (95% CI: 1.31–1.76). Likewise, among overweight women, the proportion mediated by GDM on macrosomia was up to 40%. Furthermore, consistent findings were evident for the outcome of LGA births. Pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity increased the risk of macrosomia and LGA births independently and partly mediated by GDM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Exercise and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 427 KiB  
Article
Dietary Intake in Early Pregnancy and Glycemia in Late Pregnancy among Women with Obesity
by Kirsti Krohn Garnæs, Trude Elvebakk, Øyvind Salvesen, Signe Nilssen Stafne, Siv Mørkved, Kjell Åsmund Salvesen and Trine Moholdt
Nutrients 2022, 14(1), 105; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14010105 - 27 Dec 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3210
Abstract
Women with obesity have increased risk for hyperglycemia during pregnancy, with negative health consequences for mother and child. We aimed to investigate adherence to nutritional recommendations in early pregnancy and to examine associations between early pregnancy dietary intake and late pregnancy glycemia among [...] Read more.
Women with obesity have increased risk for hyperglycemia during pregnancy, with negative health consequences for mother and child. We aimed to investigate adherence to nutritional recommendations in early pregnancy and to examine associations between early pregnancy dietary intake and late pregnancy glycemia among women with obesity. We included 120 women with pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 who participated in one of two randomized controlled trials. The participants completed a food frequency questionnaire in early pregnancy (gestational weeks 12–22). Fasting and 120 min glucose tolerance after ingestion of 75 g glucose were assessed in late pregnancy (gestational weeks 32–37). About 90% of the participants reported early pregnancy diary intake within the recommendations. Average intakes of vitamin D, iron, and folate were below recommended levels. High intakes of dairy products and protein in early pregnancy were associated with lower fasting glucose in late pregnancy, whereas high intake of bread was associated with lower 120 min glucose. There were no clear associations between single dietary variables and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnosis in late pregnancy. In conclusion, some early pregnancy dietary variables were associated with late pregnancy glycemia. Potential causality of these findings should be investigated in future studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Exercise and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 525 KiB  
Article
Intensive Medical Nutrition Therapy Alone or with Added Metformin to Prevent Gestational Diabetes Mellitus among High-Risk Mexican Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial
by Otilia Perichart-Perera, Jennifer Mier-Cabrera, Claudia Montserrat Flores-Robles, Nayeli Martínez-Cruz, Lidia Arce-Sánchez, Itzel Nallely Alvarado-Maldonado, Araceli Montoya-Estrada, José Romo-Yañez, Ameyalli Mariana Rodríguez-Cano, Guadalupe Estrada-Gutierrez, Salvador Espino y Sosa, Mario Guzmán-Huerta, Rodrigo Ayala-Yañez and Enrique Reyes-Muñoz
Nutrients 2022, 14(1), 62; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14010062 - 24 Dec 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 5152
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of intensive medical nutrition therapy (MNT) plus metformin in preventing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among high-risk Mexican women. An open-label randomized clinical trial was conducted. Inclusion criteria were pregnant women with three or [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of intensive medical nutrition therapy (MNT) plus metformin in preventing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among high-risk Mexican women. An open-label randomized clinical trial was conducted. Inclusion criteria were pregnant women with three or more GDM risk factors: Latino ethnic group, maternal age >35 years, body mass index >25 kg/m2, insulin resistance, and a history of previous GDM, prediabetes, a macrosomic neonate, polycystic ovarian syndrome, or a first-degree relative with type 2 diabetes. Women before 15 weeks of gestation were assigned to group 1 (n = 45): intensive MNT-plus metformin (850 mg twice/day) or group 2 (n = 45): intensive MNT without metformin. Intensive MNT included individual dietary counseling, with ≤50% of total energy from high carbohydrates. The primary outcome was the GDM incidence according to the International Association of Diabetes Pregnancy Study Groups criteria. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics and adverse perinatal outcomes between the groups. The GDM incidence was n = 11 (24.4%) in the MNT plus metformin group versus n = 7 (15.5%) in the MNT without metformin group: p = 0.42 (RR: 1.57 [95% CI: 0.67–3.68]). There is no benefit in adding metformin to intensive MNT to prevent GDM among high-risk Mexican women. Clinical trials registration: NCT01675310. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Exercise and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus)
►▼ Show Figures

Graphical abstract

Review

Jump to: Editorial, Research

17 pages, 2058 KiB  
Review
Preventing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus by Improving Healthy Diet and/or Physical Activity during Pregnancy: An Umbrella Review
by Malak Kouiti, Cristian Hernández-Muñiz, Ibtissam Youlyouz-Marfak, Inmaculada Salcedo-Bellido, Juan Mozas-Moreno and José Juan Jiménez-Moleón
Nutrients 2022, 14(10), 2066; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14102066 - 14 May 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5493
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies have analyzed the effects of lifestyle modification on reducing the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); however, their results remain inconsistent. This umbrella review aims to evaluate the effects of diet and/or physical activity interventions during pregnancy on preventing GDM. [...] Read more.
Several epidemiological studies have analyzed the effects of lifestyle modification on reducing the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); however, their results remain inconsistent. This umbrella review aims to evaluate the effects of diet and/or physical activity interventions during pregnancy on preventing GDM. Systematic reviews and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials reporting preventive effects of diet and/or physical activity in reducing the incidence of GDM were included from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane library. Two authors independently assessed the overlapping and quality of the 35 selected reviews using AMSTAR 2. The results, although variable, tend to defend the protective role of diet and physical activity interventions separately and independently of each other in the prevention of GDM. However, the results for the combined interventions show a possible protective effect; however, it is not entirely clear because most of the analyzed meta-analyses tend to approach 1, and heterogeneity cannot be ruled out. Establishing conclusions about the most efficient type of intervention and a dose–effect relationship was not feasible given the low quality of systematic reviews (83% low to critically low) and the variability in reporting interventions. Therefore, more studies with better quality and definition of the interventions are required. The protocol was previously registered in PROSPERO as CRD42021237895. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Exercise and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus)
►▼ Show Figures

Graphical abstract

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-6
Back to TopTop