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Nutrition and Parkinson's Disease
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Nutrition and Parkinson's Disease

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 30532

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Elisabetta Benedetti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
Interests: neurodegenerative disease; lipid metabolism; oxidative stress; PPARs
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Modern lifestyles are characterized by unbalanced compositions of diets and insufficient physical activity, accompanied by environmental pollutants. These have resulted in dramatic increases in the rates of age-related diseases characterized by chronic, sterile, systemic low-grade inflammation. Among them, Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease, is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compact and the accumulation of alpha-synuclein inclusion bodies in the brain.

Different environmental factors of the Western lifestyle may contribute to the onset of PD. Among these, unbalanced diet and microbiota compositions, and food contamination by pollution represent an exciting field of study for understanding the etiology of this multifactorial disease.

In this Special Issue of Nutrients, we would like to invite papers dealing with the topic of “Nutrition and Parkinson’s Disease”. The topics may include microbiota modification, altered micronutrient and nutrient intakes, pollution and lifestyle in the progression of Parkinson’s disease, including preclinical and clinical studies.

Prof. Dr. Elisabetta Benedetti
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Parkinson’s disease
  • Food
  • Microbiota
  • Pollution
  • Nutraceuticals

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 692 KiB  
Article
Diet Quality and Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: The Rotterdam Study
by Anne J. Strikwerda, Lisanne J. Dommershuijsen, M. Kamran Ikram and Trudy Voortman
Nutrients 2021, 13(11), 3970; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13113970 - 7 Nov 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4065
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet has been associated with the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but limited research has been performed on other dietary patterns. We studied the relationship between overall diet quality and PD risk in the general population. We included 9414 participants from [...] Read more.
The Mediterranean diet has been associated with the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but limited research has been performed on other dietary patterns. We studied the relationship between overall diet quality and PD risk in the general population. We included 9414 participants from the Rotterdam Study, a prospective population-based study in the Netherlands. Diet was defined using a Dutch diet quality score, a Mediterranean diet score and data-driven dietary patterns constructed with principal component analysis (PCA). During an average follow-up of 14.1 years, PD was diagnosed in 129 participants. We identified a ‘Prudent’, ‘Unhealthy’ and ‘Traditional Dutch’ pattern from the PCA. We found a possible association between the Mediterranean diet (Hazard ratio (HR) per standard deviation (SD) 0.89 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.74–1.07)), the ‘Prudent’ pattern (HR per SD 0.81 (95% CI 0.61–1.08)) and the risk of PD. However, no associations with PD risk were found for the Dutch diet quality score (HR per SD 0.93 (95% CI 0.77–1.12)), the ‘Unhealthy’ pattern (HR per SD 1.05 (95% CI 0.85–1.29)) or the ‘Traditional Dutch’ pattern (HR per SD 0.90 (95% CI 0.69–1.17)). In conclusion, our results corroborate previous findings of a possible protective effect of the Mediterranean diet. Further research is warranted to study the effect of other dietary patterns on PD risk. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Parkinson's Disease)
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17 pages, 6980 KiB  
Article
Tocotrienols Ameliorate Neurodegeneration and Motor Deficits in the 6-OHDA-Induced Rat Model of Parkinsonism: Behavioural and Immunohistochemistry Analysis
by Mangala Kumari, Premdass Ramdas, Ammu Kutty Radhakrishnan, Methil Kannan Kutty and Nagaraja Haleagrahara
Nutrients 2021, 13(5), 1583; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051583 - 10 May 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 3524
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease, which progresses over time, causing pathological depigmentation of the substantia nigra (SN) in the midbrain due to loss of dopaminergic neurons. Emerging studies revealed the promising effects of some nutrient compounds in reducing the risk [...] Read more.
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease, which progresses over time, causing pathological depigmentation of the substantia nigra (SN) in the midbrain due to loss of dopaminergic neurons. Emerging studies revealed the promising effects of some nutrient compounds in reducing the risk of PD. One such nutrient compound that possess neuroprotective effects and prevents neurodegeneration is tocotrienol (T3), a vitamin E family member. In the present study, a single dose intracisternal injection of 250 µg 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was used to induce parkinsonism in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Forty-eight hours post injection, the SD rats were orally supplemented with alpha (α)- and gamma (γ)-T3 for 28 days. The neuroprotective effects of α- and γ-T3 were evaluated using behavioural studies and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The findings from this study revealed that supplementation of α- and γ-T3 was able to ameliorate the motor deficits induced by 6-OHDA and improve the neuronal functions by reducing inflammation, reversing the neuronal degradation, and preventing further reduction of dopaminergic neurons in the SN and striatum (STR) fibre density. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Parkinson's Disease)
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Review

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16 pages, 689 KiB  
Review
Nutrition and Gut–Brain Pathways Impacting the Onset of Parkinson’s Disease
by Damiano Terenzi, Anne-Katrin Muth and Soyoung Q. Park
Nutrients 2022, 14(14), 2781; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14142781 - 6 Jul 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4848
Abstract
An emerging body of literature suggests that long-term gut inflammation may be a silent driver of Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis. Importantly, specific nutritive patterns might improve gut health for PD risk reduction. Here, we review the current literature on the nutritive patterns and [...] Read more.
An emerging body of literature suggests that long-term gut inflammation may be a silent driver of Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis. Importantly, specific nutritive patterns might improve gut health for PD risk reduction. Here, we review the current literature on the nutritive patterns and inflammatory markers as a predictor for early detection of PD. This knowledge might be used to foster the detection of early nutritive patterns and preclinical biomarkers to potentially alter PD development and progression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Parkinson's Disease)
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18 pages, 638 KiB  
Review
Food Contamination: An Unexplored Possible Link between Dietary Habits and Parkinson’s Disease
by Giulia Caioni, Annamaria Cimini and Elisabetta Benedetti
Nutrients 2022, 14(7), 1467; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14071467 - 31 Mar 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3522
Abstract
Importance of a healthy lifestyle in maintaining the population’s well-being and health, especially in terms of balanced nutrition, is well known. Food choice of and dieting habits could impact disease management, which is especially true for Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, nowadays, it is [...] Read more.
Importance of a healthy lifestyle in maintaining the population’s well-being and health, especially in terms of balanced nutrition, is well known. Food choice of and dieting habits could impact disease management, which is especially true for Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, nowadays, it is not that simple to maintain a balance in nutrition, and the idea of a healthy diet tends to fade as the consequence of a western lifestyle. This should not only be dealt with in the context of food choice, but also from an environmental point of view. What we put into our bodies is strictly related to the quality of ecosystems we live in. For these reasons, attention should be directed to all the pollutants, which in many cases, we unknowingly ingest. It will be necessary to explore the interaction between food and environment, since human activity also influences the raw materials destined for consumption. This awareness can be achieved by means of an innovative scientific approach, which involves the use of new models, in order to overcome the traditional scientific investigations included in the study of Parkinson’s disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Parkinson's Disease)
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21 pages, 916 KiB  
Review
Are We What We Eat? Impact of Diet on the Gut–Brain Axis in Parkinson’s Disease
by Margherita Alfonsetti, Vanessa Castelli and Michele d’Angelo
Nutrients 2022, 14(2), 380; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14020380 - 17 Jan 2022
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 13382
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, such as defects in the gut function, which may occur before the motor symptoms. To date, there are therapies that can improve these symptoms, but there is no cure to avoid the development or [...] Read more.
Parkinson’s disease is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, such as defects in the gut function, which may occur before the motor symptoms. To date, there are therapies that can improve these symptoms, but there is no cure to avoid the development or exacerbation of this disorder. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota could have a crucial role in the gut–brain axis, which is a bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system. Diet can affect the microbiota composition, impacting gut–brain axis functionality. Gut microbiome restoration through probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics or other dietary means could have the potential to slow PD progression. In this review, we will discuss the influence of diet on the bidirectional communication between gut and brain, thus supporting the hypothesis that this disorder could begin in the gut. We also focus on how food-based therapies might then have an influence on PD and could ameliorate non-motor as well as motor symptoms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Parkinson's Disease)
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