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Dietary Strategies for the Prevention of Cancer

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2024) | Viewed by 5435

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Guest Editor
MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Austin, TX 77030, USA
Interests: bone cancer; breast cancer; exercise; musculoskeletal disorders; biomechanics; physical activity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lifestyle and nutrition play critical roles throughout the cancer continuum; diet and dietary composition may increase or decrease the risk of cancer. As such, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, proper nutritional habits, and adequate dietary intake are of the utmost importance in cancer prevention and during treatment(s). Diet is also a principal factor in the antineoplastic treatment process, which may vary across different treatment strategies, eliciting profound effects on systemic health and treatment outcomes. However, a host of challenges remain in identifying, conducting, and interpreting diet–cancer relationships, related to methodological limitations, the heterogeneity of models employed and studies, as well as the need to replicate findings.

This Special Issue of Nutrients, entitled "Dietary Strategies for Prevention of Cancer", aims to inform our understanding on the relationship between diet and cancer. Our editorial board welcomes manuscript submissions examining the effects of diet, nutritional components, and varied body compositions as a result of diet and nutrition on the cancer continuum. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, those mentioned above. Manuscripts employing unique techniques and approaches, such as the identification of novel biomarkers, cancer-centric signaling pathways that are linked to diet and nutritional choices, and distinct dietary patterns, are of particular interest. Epidemiological, interventional, and systematic reviews and meta-analyses are welcome for submission.

Dr. Gabriel M. Pagnotti
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • cancer prevention
  • lifestyle
  • nutrition
  • obesity
  • gut microbiome
  • dietary intake

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1248 KiB  
Article
Dietary and Smoking Acrylamide and Prostate Cancer Risk: CAPLIFE Study
by Macarena Lozano-Lorca, Carlos Muñoz-Bravo, Rocío Barrios-Rodríguez, María Ángeles Castillo-Hermoso, Malak Kouiti, Carla González-Palacios Torres, José-Juan Jiménez-Moleón and Rocío Olmedo-Requena
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 836; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16060836 - 14 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1599
Abstract
Acrylamide is a probable carcinogen. Its main sources are the diet and tobacco. The association between acrylamide intake from the diet and tobacco and prostate cancer (PCa) has not been previously evaluated. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between dietary acrylamide intake and [...] Read more.
Acrylamide is a probable carcinogen. Its main sources are the diet and tobacco. The association between acrylamide intake from the diet and tobacco and prostate cancer (PCa) has not been previously evaluated. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between dietary acrylamide intake and exposure to acrylamide through cigarettes and PCa risk. A population-based case–control (CAPLIFE) study was conducted, including 428 incident PCa cases and 393 controls. Smoking and dietary information, with a validated food frequency questionnaire, was collected. We calculated the amount of acrylamide from both sources, and tertiles (Ts) were created. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were applied to assess the association between exposure to acrylamide and PCa risk. The median was similar for acrylamide in both dietary and smoking acrylamide among PCa cases and controls. No association was observed between dietary acrylamide intake and overall PCa risk (adjusted ORT3vsT1 = 0.90 (95% CI 0.59, 1.37)). A risk trend was observed for acrylamide exposure from cigarette smoking (p-trend = 0.032), with the highest odds in those subjects with the high exposure to acrylamide through cigarettes (adjusted ORT3vsT1 = 1.67 (95% CI 0.92, 3.04)). The restricted cubic splines suggested a linear relationship. In conclusion, acrylamide from smoking could be positively associated with PCa risk, but no association was observed for dietary acrylamide. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Strategies for the Prevention of Cancer)
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13 pages, 1871 KiB  
Article
Mechanism of Antitumor Effects of Saffron in Human Prostate Cancer Cells
by Mohammad Khan, Kaitlyn Hearn, Christian Parry, Mudasir Rashid, Hassan Brim, Hassan Ashktorab and Bernard Kwabi-Addo
Nutrients 2024, 16(1), 114; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16010114 - 28 Dec 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3518
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among men in the USA. Several studies have demonstrated the antitumor properties of saffron in different types of cancers, including prostate cancer. The oral administration of saffron extract [...] Read more.
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among men in the USA. Several studies have demonstrated the antitumor properties of saffron in different types of cancers, including prostate cancer. The oral administration of saffron extract has been reported to have antitumor effects on aggressive prostate-cancer-cell-line-derived xenografts in nude male mice. The objective of this study was to carry out in vitro studies of saffron-treated prostate cancer cells to ascertain the effects of saffron on key intermediates in prostate carcinogenesis. Our studies demonstrated the significant inhibition of cell proliferation for androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cell lines via apoptotic pathways. We also demonstrate the statistically significant down-regulation of DNA methyltransferases (COMT, MGMT, EHMT2, and SIRT1 deacetylase) in saffron-treated prostate cancer cells. In addition, saffron-treated prostate cancer cells displayed a statistically significant dysregulation of DNA repair intermediates (WRN, p53, RECQ5, MST1R, and WDR70) in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, Western blot analysis demonstrated that saffron treatment induced changes in the expression of other key genes (DNMT1, DNMT3b, MBD2, CD44, HDAC3, c-Myc, NF-kB, TNFα, AR, N-RAS, and PTEN) in prostate cancer cells. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the important mechanisms by which saffron mediates anti-tumor properties in prostate cancer. These findings suggest that the use of saffron supplements alongside standard treatment protocols may yield beneficial effects for individuals with prostate cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Strategies for the Prevention of Cancer)
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