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Nutrients
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Diet–Microbiome Interaction in Gastrointestinal Disorders
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Diet–Microbiome Interaction in Gastrointestinal Disorders

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Prebiotics and Probiotics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 January 2025) | Viewed by 11340

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Lauri Byerley

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 2020 Gravier St., Room 734, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
Interests: diets’ impact on the gut microbiome and physiological processes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Microbial communities in our gastrointestinal tract (GI) have been connected to gastrointestinal disorders. These communities are also impacted by a number of lifestyle factors, for example, diet, sleep, physical activity, stress, geography, host genome, and antibiotic usage. Different dietary constituents can modulate the different microbial communities present in the GI tract. For example, different types of fiber can modulate the relative abundance of certain bacterial groups. Supplements such as prebiotics, probiotics, and symbiotics can be used to transiently modulate the relative abundance of bacterial species. The goal of this Special Issue is to explore the relationships between diet–microbiome interactions and gastrointestinal disorders.

Dr. Lauri Byerley
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • diet
  • gut microbiome
  • gastrointestinal disorders
  • fiber
  • macronutrients
  • food substances
  • gut microbiota
  • intestine
  • feces
  • gut bacteria
  • lifestyle
  • supplements

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

12 pages, 301 KiB  
Review
Importance of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation and Molecular Regulation as Therapeutic Strategies in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
by Olga Brusnic, Adrian Boicean, Sorin-Radu Fleacă, Blanca Grama, Florin Sofonea, Corina Roman-Filip, Iulian Roman-Filip, Adelaida Solomon, Sabrina Bîrsan, Horatiu Dura, Corina Porr, Cristian Adrian and Danusia Maria Onisor
Nutrients 2024, 16(24), 4411; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16244411 - 23 Dec 2024
Viewed by 995
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), have emerged as key players in the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). MiRNAs, small endogenous RNA molecules that silence target mRNAs to regulate gene expression, are closely linked to [...] Read more.
Noncoding RNAs, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), have emerged as key players in the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). MiRNAs, small endogenous RNA molecules that silence target mRNAs to regulate gene expression, are closely linked to immune responses and inflammatory pathways in IBD. Notably, miR-21, miR-146a, and miR-155 are consistently upregulated in IBD, influencing immune cell modulation, cytokine production, and the intestinal epithelial barrier. These miRNAs serve as biomarkers for disease progression and severity, as well as therapeutic targets for controlling inflammation. This comprehensive review highlights the intricate interplay between the gut microbiota, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and miRNA regulation. It concludes that microbiota and FMT influence miRNA activity, presenting a promising avenue for personalized IBD treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet–Microbiome Interaction in Gastrointestinal Disorders)
15 pages, 320 KiB  
Review
Effects of Coffee on Gut Microbiota and Bowel Functions in Health and Diseases: A Literature Review
by Sena Saygili, Shrilakshmi Hegde and Xuan-Zheng Shi
Nutrients 2024, 16(18), 3155; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183155 - 18 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 7746
Abstract
Background and objectives: As one of the most popular beverages in the world, coffee has long been known to affect bowel functions such as motility, secretion, and absorption. Recent evidence obtained in human and animal studies suggests that coffee has modulating impacts on [...] Read more.
Background and objectives: As one of the most popular beverages in the world, coffee has long been known to affect bowel functions such as motility, secretion, and absorption. Recent evidence obtained in human and animal studies suggests that coffee has modulating impacts on gut microbiota. We aim to present an overview of the specific effects of coffee on gut microbiota composition, diversity, and growth. We will also critically review the impacts of coffee on bowel functions in health and diseases and discuss whether gut microbiota play a role in the coffee-associated functional changes in the gastrointestinal tract. Methods: We searched the literature up to June 2024 through PubMed, Web of Science, and other sources using search terms such as coffee, caffeine, microbiota, gastrointestinal infection, motility, secretion, gut–brain axis, absorption, and medication interaction. Clinical research in patients and preclinical studies in rodent animals were included. Results: A majority of the studies found that moderate consumption of coffee (<4 cups a day) increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacterial phyla such as Firmicutes and Actinobacteria and decreased Bacteroidetes. Moderate coffee consumption also increased Bifidobacterium spp. and decreased the abundance of Enterobacteria. Coffee consumption is reported to increase gut microbiota diversity. Although the effects of coffee on bowel functions have been known for a long time, it is not until recently that we have recognized that some of the effects of coffee may be partly due to its impacts on microbiota. Conclusions: The current literature suggests that moderate coffee consumption has beneficial effects on oral and gut microbiota and motility function. However, excessive coffee intake (>5 cups a day) is implicated in reflux disorders, periodontal diseases, and progression of Crohn’s disease. Further research in the field is needed, as there are many conflicting results regarding the impacts of coffee in the gastrointestinal tract. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet–Microbiome Interaction in Gastrointestinal Disorders)
15 pages, 1942 KiB  
Review
The Prevention of Viral Infections: The Role of Intestinal Microbiota and Nutritional Factors
by Annamaria Altomare, Marta Giovanetti, Francesca Baldaro, Massimo Ciccozzi, Michele Cicala and Michele Pier Luca Guarino
Nutrients 2024, 16(15), 2445; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16152445 - 27 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2057
Abstract
Viral infections pose significant global challenges due to their rapid transmissibility. Therefore, preventing and treating these infections promptly is crucial to curbing their spread. This review focuses on the vital link between nutrition and viral infections, underscoring how dietary factors influence immune system [...] Read more.
Viral infections pose significant global challenges due to their rapid transmissibility. Therefore, preventing and treating these infections promptly is crucial to curbing their spread. This review focuses on the vital link between nutrition and viral infections, underscoring how dietary factors influence immune system modulation. Malnutrition, characterized by deficiencies in essential nutrients such as vitamins A, C, D, E, and zinc, can impair the immune system, thereby increasing vulnerability to viral infections and potentially leading to more severe health outcomes that complicate recovery. Additionally, emerging evidence highlights the role of commensal microbiota in immune regulation, which can affect hosts’ susceptibility to infections. Specific dietary components, including bioactive compounds, vitamins, and probiotics, can beneficially modify gut microbiota, thus enhancing immune response and offering protection against viral infections. This review aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which dietary adjustments and gut microbiota impact the pathogenesis of viral infections, with a particular focus on strengthening the immune system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet–Microbiome Interaction in Gastrointestinal Disorders)
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