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Nutritional Strategies for Arterial Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 December 2024 | Viewed by 2671

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain
Interests: dietary habits; nutrient impact; dietary interventions; inflammatory response; antioxidant nutrients; arterial stiffness; vascular health; hypertension; cardiovascular diseases; diabetes; meta-analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain
Interests: dietary habits; nutrient impact; dietary interventions; inflammatory response; antioxidant nutrients;biomarkers; arterial stiffness; cardiovascular diseases; meta-analysis; diabetes; vascular health; hypertension
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nutritional strategies play a crucial role in maintaining arterial health, a cornerstone of overall cardiovascular wellness. Arterial health encompasses the integrity and functionality of arteries, vital for efficient blood circulation and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension and stroke. Scientific research consistently underscores the impact of dietary habits on arterial health, with certain nutrients demonstrating protective effects while others contribute to arterial dysfunction. Understanding the interplay between nutrition and arterial health is imperative for developing targeted dietary interventions to mitigate cardiovascular risks and promote optimal vascular function. This Special Issue highlights the significance of nutritional strategies in preserving arterial health and preventing cardiovascular diseases.

Dr. Alicia Saz-Lara
Dr. Iván Cavero Redondo
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • arterial health
  • cardiovascular wellness
  • atherosclerosis
  • hypertension
  • stroke prevention
  • dietary habits
  • nutrient impact
  • vascular function
  • cardiovascular risks
  • dietary interventions
  • arterial stiffness
  • endothelial function
  • oxidative stress
  • inflammatory response
  • antioxidant nutrients

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 2736 KiB  
Article
Dissecting Causal Relationships Between Dietary Habits and Diverse Subtypes of Stroke: Mendelian Randomization Study
by Yan Cao, Fan Ye, Ling Zhang and Chuan Qin
Nutrients 2024, 16(20), 3548; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16203548 - 19 Oct 2024
Viewed by 946
Abstract
Background: Understanding the causal relations between dietary habits and stroke is crucial for prioritizing public health interventions and developing effective health strategies. This study utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the causal associations between 20 dietary habits and various stroke subtypes, aiming [...] Read more.
Background: Understanding the causal relations between dietary habits and stroke is crucial for prioritizing public health interventions and developing effective health strategies. This study utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the causal associations between 20 dietary habits and various stroke subtypes, aiming to identify potential mediators and evaluate the proportions of mediation. Methods: A two-sample MR analysis was conducted to examine the causal relationships between dietary habits and stroke incidence. Mediation analysis, two-step MR (TSMR), and multivariable MR (MVMR) were employed to identify potential mediators. Genetic data pertaining to dietary habits and stroke were obtained from extensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) consortia. The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method served as the primary analytical approach, with the additional scrutiny of significant correlations conducted through the Egger regression, MR-Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO), and weighted median techniques. Results: Our analyses indicated that genetically predicted intakes of dried fruits, cheese, cereal, oily fish, and hot drink temperatures were protective against stroke, whereas higher intakes of lamb/mutton, poultry, and added salt significantly elevated stroke risk. Specifically, dried fruit consumption demonstrated a protective effect against total stroke (β = −0.009, p = 0.013), ischemic stroke (β = −0.475, p = 0.003), and small-vessel ischemic stroke (β = −0.682, p = 0.033) through reductions in BMI levels, accounting for mediated proportions of 3.2%, 17.1%, and 8.5%, respectively. Furthermore, cheese intake provided a protective effect against ischemic stroke (β = −0.275, p = 0.003) by decreasing BMI and increasing HDL-C levels, with mediated proportions of 30.5% and 6.5%. Together, BMI and HDL-C accounted for 34.9% of the beneficial effect of cheese intake on reducing the risk of ischemic stroke. In contrast, an increased salt intake exhibited a positive association with large-artery ischemic stroke (β = 0.432, p = 0.033) through BMI elevation, with a mediated proportion of 10.9%. Conclusions: Our findings provide compelling evidence supporting causal relationships between dietary habits and stroke subtypes, while identifying mediators and evaluating the proportions of mediation. Adhering to a low-calorie, nutrient-dense diet enriched with dried fruits, cheese, and cereal, along with reduced salt and poultry consumption, could potentially mitigate stroke risk. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Strategies for Arterial Health)
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14 pages, 300 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Association between Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Arterial Stiffness in Healthy Adults: Findings from the EvasCu Study
by Iris Otero-Luis, Alicia Saz-Lara, Nerea Moreno-Herráiz, Carla Geovanna Lever-Megina, Bruno Bizzozero-Peroni, Isabel Antonia Martínez-Ortega, Rebeca Varga-Cirila and Iván Cavero-Redondo
Nutrients 2024, 16(13), 2158; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16132158 - 6 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1402
Abstract
(1) Background: Previous evidence has indicated a connection between a Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular disease. However, evidence for subclinical markers of cardiovascular disease, such as arterial stiffness, is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the associations between adherence to [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Previous evidence has indicated a connection between a Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular disease. However, evidence for subclinical markers of cardiovascular disease, such as arterial stiffness, is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), as assessed by the MEDAS-14 questionnaire, and arterial stiffness, as assessed by aortic pulse wave velocity, in healthy adults and according to sex. (2) A cross-sectional study including 386 healthy participants was performed in the EVasCu study. Adjusted and unadjusted differences in adherence to the MD and arterial stiffness were determined using Student’s t test and ANCOVA for the total sample and according to sex. (3) Results: Our results showed that individuals with a high adherence to the MD had a greater arterial stiffness, both in the total sample and in females, although this difference was not significant after adjusting for possible confounding variables, such as age. (4) Conclusions: Our findings indicated that, in the unadjusted analyses, healthy subjects with a high adherence to the MD showed a greater arterial stiffness. When these analyses were adjusted, no significant differences were shown in a-PWv according to the categories of MD adherence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Strategies for Arterial Health)
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