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Nutrients
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Diet, Obesity, and Overweight in Children and Adolescents
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Diet, Obesity, and Overweight in Children and Adolescents

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 1384

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Celia Monteagudo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
2. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
Interests: nutritional epidemiology; risk assessment; diet; weight excess; obesity; overweight; endocrine disrupters
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Excess weight (overweight and obesity) due to an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure is a condition characterised by excessive fat accumulation that may be harmful to health (obesity), provoking higher NCD risk and diminishing public health.

In the present day, a high prevalence of excess weight exists in the child and adolescent population. According to the scientific literature, childhood obesity is related to the early emergence of type two diabetes and cardiovascular disease and a higher risk of these persisting into adulthood. Further, the adverse psychological implications of excess weight affect academic performance and quality of life, alongside stigmatisation, discrimination, and intimidation.

Diet and physical activity represent the cornerstone of current prevention policy. Nonetheless, surveillance regarding these behaviours has not had the desired effects, with the prevalence of excess weight increasing drastically from 8% in 1990 to 20% in 2022, with 160 million young people (five to 19 years), globally, being reported to be obese in 2022, according to WHO data.

All of this, together with the important economic impact of this issue on health systems, warrants further research that more precisely identifies the determinants of obesogenic settings as a means of establishing effective preventive, diagnostic, and interventive actions, particularly within vulnerable populations.

Dr. Celia Monteagudo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrition
  • food habits
  • lifestyle
  • weight excess
  • BMI
  • body fat
  • childhood
  • school children
  • adolescence

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1348 KiB  
Article
Overweight and Obese Children Aged 6–17 Years in China Had Lower Level of Hydration Status: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Jianfen Zhang, Wei Cao, Juan Xu, Hongliang Wang, Ruihe Luo, Qian Gan, Titi Yang, Hui Pan, Zhenyu Yang, Wenhua Zhao and Qian Zhang
Nutrients 2025, 17(2), 364; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17020364 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 480
Abstract
Purpose: The aims of this study were to explore the differences in total body water and hydration status among Chinese children aged 6–17 years. Methods: A cross-sectional study was implemented among children aged 6–17 years in China. The total body water (TBW), intracellular [...] Read more.
Purpose: The aims of this study were to explore the differences in total body water and hydration status among Chinese children aged 6–17 years. Methods: A cross-sectional study was implemented among children aged 6–17 years in China. The total body water (TBW), intracellular water (ICW), and extracellular water (ECW) were determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The participants were divided according to age—age 6–8 years, age 9–11 years, age 12–14 years, age 15–17 years—and body mass index (BMI) of China—underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese groups. The differences of variables of groups were compared using analysis of variance, Student’s t-test, and Kruskal–Wallis test. Significance levels were set at 0.05 (p < 0.05). Results: A total of 59,643 participants (30,103 males and 29,540 females) completed the study. As children became older, the TBW, ICW, ECW, ICW/TBW, and TBW/FFM (TBW to fat free mass ratio) increased simultaneously (all p < 0.05); concurrently, the ECW/TBW decreased with age (all p < 0.05). Boys had higher TBW, ICW, ECW, ICW/TBW, TBW/BW, and TBW/FFM than those of girls at each age (all p < 0.05). For all BMI groups, increases in TBW, ICW, ECW were observed from the underweight group to the obese group, both in boys and girls (all p < 0.001). For the increase in BMI in all age groups, the values of TBW made a significantly lower percentage compared to BW. The higher BMI groups showed higher levels of TBW/FFM, both in girls and boys (all p < 0.001). Conclusions: The body water contents of children aged 6–17 years varied according to their age, sex, and BMI. Overweight and obese individuals may have inferior hydration status compared to those with normal weight. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Obesity, and Overweight in Children and Adolescents)
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14 pages, 2776 KiB  
Article
Weight Status and Myopia in Children and Adolescents: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study of China
by Chunjie Yin, Qian Gan, Peipei Xu, Titi Yang, Juan Xu, Wei Cao, Hongliang Wang, Hui Pan, Ruihe Luo, Hui Xiao, Kai Wang and Qian Zhang
Nutrients 2025, 17(2), 260; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17020260 - 12 Jan 2025
Viewed by 721
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The prevalence of both myopia and obesity is increasing among children and adolescents around the world. We aimed to examine the association between weight status and myopia in Chinese children and adolescents. Methods: The analysis included 35,108 participants aged 6–17 from a [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The prevalence of both myopia and obesity is increasing among children and adolescents around the world. We aimed to examine the association between weight status and myopia in Chinese children and adolescents. Methods: The analysis included 35,108 participants aged 6–17 from a nationwide cross-sectional survey. Results: Our results indicated that girls with overweight and obesity had higher odds ratio (OR) of myopia and mild myopia: ages 6–8 (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.01–1.76; OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.14–2.55) and 9–11 (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.03–1.44; OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.06–1.62). Myopic boys had higher body fat percentages (BFP) at ages 6–8 (β = 1.18, 95% CI: 0.38–1.98), 9–11 (β = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.08–1.07), and 15–17 (β = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.03–0.80), and higher body mass index (BMI) at ages 9–11 (β = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.12–0.48) and 12–14 (β = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.02–0.38). Girls had higher BFP at ages 9–11 (β = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.19–1.05) and 12–14 (β =0.53, 95% CI: 0.19–0.88) and higher BMI at 9–11 (β = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.34–0.73). Furthermore, the dose–response curves revealed a significant gender- and age-specific association between BMI, BFP, and myopia odds ratio. Conclusions: the study found an association between overweight or obesity and myopia in girls aged 6–11, and indicated that high BFP and BMI are associated with myopia, varying by sex and age. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Obesity, and Overweight in Children and Adolescents)
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