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The Ketogenic Diet in the Management of Adult Neurological Disorders: Physiological Adaptation Mechanisms

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 August 2024) | Viewed by 1512

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
Interests: physiology of nutrition; controlled feeding studies; phytonutrients; relationships between dietary intake and physiological outcomes; malnourishment; metabolism; multiple sclerosis
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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy
Interests: cognitive neuroscience; spatial cognition; neurolinguistics; cortical excitability; motor cortex; computational models; brain stimulation; TMS; tDCS

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The ketogenic diet has been re-evaluated in recent years and has been proposed as an effective nonfarmacological intervention in several neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Multiple Sclerosis. As conventional therapies that are used to treat neurological disorders are increasingly associated with drug resistance and drug tolerance, nutritional therapy is becoming a useful adjunct for improving disease progression. However, to date, the complex relationship between the effects of the ketogenic diet and the pathophysiological mechanisms of neurodegereative and autoinflammatory neurological diseases,  as well as its clinical relevance, is still lacking strong evidence. The purpose of this Special Issue to provide an insight into the mechanisms of neuromodulation and neuroprotection that develop when a ketogenic diet regimen is applied and that can be considered to be improving the management of neurological disorders. Both mechanicistics and clinical interventional works, as well as reviews, are welcome.  The Special Issue will also focus on the nutrition–microbiome and neuroprotection axis to take stock of the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the ketogenic diet that cannot be overlooked when evaluating beneficial neurological effects.

Dr. Danila Di Majo
Dr. Giuseppe Giglia
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • neurological disease
  • ketogenic diet
  • microbiome
  • neuromodulation
  • neuroprotection

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

29 pages, 4245 KiB  
Article
Effects of Ketogenic Diet on Increased Ethanol Consumption Induced by Social Stress in Female Mice
by Laura Torres-Rubio, Marina D. Reguilón, Susana Mellado, María Pascual and Marta Rodríguez-Arias
Nutrients 2024, 16(17), 2814; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16172814 - 23 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1301
Abstract
Stress is a critical factor in the development of mental disorders such as addiction, underscoring the importance of stress resilience strategies. While the ketogenic diet (KD) has shown efficacy in reducing alcohol consumption in male mice without cognitive impairment, its impact on the [...] Read more.
Stress is a critical factor in the development of mental disorders such as addiction, underscoring the importance of stress resilience strategies. While the ketogenic diet (KD) has shown efficacy in reducing alcohol consumption in male mice without cognitive impairment, its impact on the stress response and addiction development, especially in females, remains unclear. This study examined the KD’s effect on increasing ethanol intake due to vicarious social defeat (VSD) in female mice. Sixty-four female OF1 mice were divided into two dietary groups: standard diet (n = 32) and KD (n = 32). These were further split based on exposure to four VSD or exploration sessions, creating four groups: EXP-STD (n = 16), VSD-STD (n = 16), EXP-KD (n = 16), and VSD-KD (n = 16). KD-fed mice maintained ketosis from adolescence until the fourth VSD/EXP session, after which they switched to a standard diet. The Social Interaction Test was performed 24 h after the last VSD session. Three weeks post-VSD, the Drinking in the Dark test and Oral Ethanol Self-Administration assessed ethanol consumption. The results showed that the KD blocked the increase in ethanol consumption induced by VSD in females. Moreover, among other changes, the KD increased the expression of the ADORA1 and CNR1 genes, which are associated with mechanisms modulating neurotransmission. Our results point to the KD as a useful tool to increase resilience to social stress in female mice. Full article
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