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Pharmaceutics
Special Issues
Photodynamic Therapy: Recent Progress and Development
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Photodynamic Therapy: Recent Progress and Development

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Drug Targeting and Design".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2024) | Viewed by 6049

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Adriana Smarandache

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Guest Editor
Laser Department, National Institute of Laser, Plasma, and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Str., 077125 Magurele, Romania
Interests: laser spectroscopy of complex molecular systems; laser applications in life sciences, including medical applications; optics and spectroscopy of micro-/nanodroplets; drug delivery systems; study of colloidal systems (drug compounds in colloidal formulations); microfluidics; optofluidics; optical techniques for detection/monitoring/removal of environmental pollutants
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Andra Dinache

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laser Department, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania
Interests: laser spectroscopy of complex molecular systems; spectroscopic analyses of biomolecules and colloids; biophysics; microfluidics; colloids and interfaces; microbiology (MIC, MBC, antimicrobial synergy tests) and laser applications in biomedical sciences
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Angela Staicu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laser Department, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania
Interests: lasers; spectroscopic techniques for the investigation of pollutants and intermediate species formed in combustion processes; gas-phase laser spectroscopy of astrophysically relevant molecules; photophysics and photochemistry of compounds of interest in photodynamic therapy; nanocompounds for targeted drug delivery; lasing of microdroplets; spectroscopic techniques; steady-state absorption and excitation/emission fluorescence; FTIR; LIF; CRDS; Raman; LIBS; flash photolysis; time-resolved singlet oxygen phosphorescence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is based on light-induced activation of photosensitizers (PS) leading to generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) which mediate targeted cell destruction. PDT has received extensive attention owing to its recognized advantages like high selectivity, minimally invasive nature, and limited side effects.

Currently, research for new or improved radiation sources, irradiation protocols, and novel PSs are developed for improving the therapeutic effect.

PDT has already been approved by the FDA/EMA for the treatment of different malignancies (skin, bladder, lung, prostate, and oesophagus cancers) or precancerous tumours (actinic keratoses), as well as non-malignant diseases (macular degeneration). Several PSs are under consideration by authorities in oncologic PDT and numerous clinical trials are now in progress. The application of PDT is also being explored for the cure of cardiovascular, ophthalmology, dermatology, urology, and infectious diseases.

This Special Issue invites both reviews and original research papers dealing with the recent progress in development of innovative solutions for PDT. You are welcome to submit studies implying but not limited to the following topics:

  • Design, synthesis, and characterization of new biocompatible and biodegradable PSs; nano-complexes and formulation;
  • Photobactericidal, sono-photodynamic, theragnostic agents;
  • New approaches of PDT in biomedicine;
  • Preclinical and clinical applications.

Dr. Adriana Smarandache
Dr. Andra Dinache
Dr. Angela Staicu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pharmaceutics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • photodynamic therapy
  • anticancer
  • photosensitizers
  • nanomaterials
  • photodiagnosis
  • theragnostic
  • antimicrobial

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1536 KiB  
Article
Comparative Study of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy and the Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure for the Treatment of Cervical High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions
by Xiaoyun Wang, Xiaoming Xu, Yaxi Ma, Yixin Tang and Zheng Huang
Pharmaceutics 2024, 16(5), 686; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16050686 - 20 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1370
Abstract
The loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is a common treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Photodynamic therapy (PDT) mediated by 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a non-invasive modality that has been used for treating precancerous diseases and HPV infections. This comparative study evaluated the [...] Read more.
The loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is a common treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Photodynamic therapy (PDT) mediated by 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a non-invasive modality that has been used for treating precancerous diseases and HPV infections. This comparative study evaluated the efficacy and safety of ALA PDT and the LEEP in the treatment of cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs). Patient records were reviewed and HSIL patients with HPV infections (24–51 years old) who underwent PDT or LEEP treatment were selected. Efficacy was analyzed blindly based on HPV-DNA, cytology, and colposcopy-directed biopsy obtained at 6 months after treatment. Treatment-related discomfort and side effects were also analyzed. Cure rates of 88.1% and 70.0% were achieved for the PDT group and LEEP group (p < 0.05), respectively. HPV-negative conversion rates of 81.0% and 62.0% were achieved for the PDT group and LEEP group (p < 0.05), respectively. The overall lesion remission rate of the PDT group was 19% higher than that of the LEEP group. The incidence of side effects was much lower in the PDT group. These results show that ALA PDT is a feasible non-invasive treatment for cervical HSIL. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photodynamic Therapy: Recent Progress and Development)
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18 pages, 4039 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Inhibition Using a Green Light Source
by Karen Roa-Tort, Yael Saavedra, Angélica Villanueva-Martínez, Adriana Ganem-Rondero, Laura Abril Pérez-Carranza, José M. de la Rosa-Vázquez, Gabriel Ugalde-Femat, Omar Molina-Alejandre, Andrea Angela Becerril-Osnaya and Josué D. Rivera-Fernández
Pharmaceutics 2024, 16(4), 518; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16040518 - 9 Apr 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1541
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been based on using photosensitizers (PS) and applying light of a specific wavelength. When this technique is used for treating infections, it is known as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). Currently, the use of lighting sources for in vitro studies [...] Read more.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been based on using photosensitizers (PS) and applying light of a specific wavelength. When this technique is used for treating infections, it is known as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). Currently, the use of lighting sources for in vitro studies using aPDT is generally applied in multiwell cell culture plates; however, depending on the lighting arrangement, there are usually errors in the application of the technique because the light from a well can affect the neighboring wells or it may be that not all the wells are used in the same experiment. In addition, one must be awarded high irradiance values, which can cause unwanted photothermal problems in the studies. Thus, this manuscript presents an in vitro antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for a Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) inhibition study using an arrangement of thermally isolated and independently illuminated green light source systems for eight tubes in vitro aPDT, determining the effect of the following factors: (i) irradiance level, (ii) exposure time, and (iii) Rose Bengal (RB) concentration (used as a PS), registering the Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) inhibition rates. The results show that in the dark, RB had a poor antimicrobial rate for P. aeruginosa, finding the maximum inhibition (2.7%) at 30 min with an RB concentration of 3 µg/mL. However, by applying light in a correct dosage (time × irradiance) and the adequate RB concentration, the inhibition rate increased by over 37%. In the case of MRSA, there was no significant inhibition with RB in complete darkness and, in contrast, the rate was 100% for those experiments that were irradiated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photodynamic Therapy: Recent Progress and Development)
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15 pages, 1444 KiB  
Article
A Systematic Evaluation of Curcumin Concentrations and Blue Light Parameters towards Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy against Cariogenic Microorganisms
by Patricia Comeau and Adriana Manso
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(12), 2707; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15122707 - 30 Nov 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1110
Abstract
Dental caries is a highly preventable and costly disease. Unfortunately, the current management strategies are inadequate at reducing the incidence and new minimally invasive strategies are needed. In this study, a systematic evaluation of specific light parameters and aqueous curcumin concentrations for antimicrobial [...] Read more.
Dental caries is a highly preventable and costly disease. Unfortunately, the current management strategies are inadequate at reducing the incidence and new minimally invasive strategies are needed. In this study, a systematic evaluation of specific light parameters and aqueous curcumin concentrations for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) was conducted. Aqueous solutions of curcumin were first prepared and evaluated for their light absorbance after applying different ~56 mW/cm2 blue light treatments in a continuous application mode. Next, these same light treatments as well as different application modes were applied to the curcumin solutions and the molar absorptivity coefficient, reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for Streptococcus mutans and the MIC and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) for Candida albicans were measured. After up to 1 min of light treatment, the molar absorptivity of curcumin when added to culture media was lower than that for water only; however, at higher energy levels, this difference was not apparent. There was a noted dependence on both ROS type and cariogenic microorganism species on the sensitivity to both blue light treatment and application mode. In conclusion, this study provides new information towards improving the agonistic potential of aPDT associated with curcumin against cariogenic microorganisms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photodynamic Therapy: Recent Progress and Development)
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13 pages, 10661 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Assessment of SWEEPS and Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Alone or in Combination for Eradicating Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm in Root Canals
by Ali Shahi Ardakani, Shima Afrasiabi, Pegah Sarraf, Stefano Benedicenti, Luca Solimei and Nasim Chiniforush
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(11), 2628; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15112628 - 15 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1350
Abstract
Objectives: This study investigates the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) using riboflavin and a blue diode laser (BDL), combined with shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS), against Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 extracted single-rooted human teeth were [...] Read more.
Objectives: This study investigates the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) using riboflavin and a blue diode laser (BDL), combined with shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS), against Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 extracted single-rooted human teeth were used. The root canals were instrumented, sealed at their apices, had the smear layer removed, and then underwent autoclave sterilization. Subsequently, each canal was inoculated with E. faecalis bacterial suspension and allowed to incubate for ten days. After confirming the presence of biofilms through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in three teeth, the remaining teeth were randomly allocated into nine groups, each containing five teeth: control, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), BDL, SWEEPS + normal saline, SWEEPS + NaOCl, riboflavin, riboflavin + SWEEPS, riboflavin + BDL, and riboflavin + BDL + SWEEPS. After the treatment, the numbers of colony-forming units (CFUs)/mL were calculated. The data were analysed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test for comparisons. Results: All groups, with the exception of the BDL group, exhibited a significant reduction in E. faecalis CFU/mL when compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The difference in CFU/mL value between riboflavin + BDL + SWEEPS and riboflavin + SWEEPS was significant (p = 0.029), whereas there was no significant difference between riboflavin + BDL + SWEEPS and riboflavin + BDL (p = 0.397). Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference between the riboflavin + SWEEPS group and the riboflavin + BDL group (p = 0.893). Conclusions: The results demonstrated that combining the SWEEPS technique with riboflavin as a photosensitizer activated by BDL in aPDT effectively reduced the presence of E. faecalis in root canals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photodynamic Therapy: Recent Progress and Development)
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