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Domestication and Genetics of Horticultural Plants
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Domestication and Genetics of Horticultural Plants

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Horticultural Science and Ornamental Plants".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 2145

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Elisabetta Nicolosi

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Guest Editor
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
Interests: fruit germplasm; genetic improvement of fruit plants; viticulture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Filippo Ferlito

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Guest Editor
Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Corso Savoia 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
Interests: physiology; agroecology; stress; soil; vines; fruit tree crops; yield trait
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We know well the fundamental role that the horticultural plants play in the lives of humans, by providing fruits and vegetables that can be consumed fresh or in a transformed form. In this context, a precise knowledge of the genetic diversity and domestication history of horticultural plants will have a beneficial impact for the set-up of (i) appropriate strategies for the conservation of genetic resources, (ii) studies aimed at the elucidation of the evolutionary history of a species, and (iii) novel breeding plans. In particular, the study of the origin and domestication of cultivated species has become a topic of great interest and has made important progress by combining approaches from different disciplines. In this context, the advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies enabled the simultaneous interrogation of hundreds of thousands of polymorphisms, providing an unprecedented tool for the study of the genetic diversity within and between species.

This Special Issue of Plants will highlight relevant research papers, as well as research communication and review articles, that are focused on the following themes: the domestication, conservation, evaluation, and utilization of germplasm resources of horticultural plants; the identification and application of strategies and tools for the utilization of plant genetic resources; phylogeny and trait evolution; genetics and modern breeding tools; and crop genetics improvement.

Dr. Elisabetta Nicolosi
Dr. Filippo Ferlito
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • origin
  • evolutionary relationships
  • genetic diversity
  • germplasm resources
  • selection and breeding

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 7442 KiB  
Article
Comparative Morphological, Physiological, and Transcriptomic Analyses of Diploid and Tetraploid Wucai (Brassica campestris L.)
by Jian Wang, Ruxi Wang, Fan Luo, Wenjing Du, Jinfeng Hou, Guohu Chen, Xiaoyan Tang, Jianqiang Wu, Wenjie Wang, Bin Huang, Chenggang Wang and Lingyun Yuan
Plants 2024, 13(16), 2341; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13162341 - 22 Aug 2024
Viewed by 638
Abstract
Polyploid plants often exhibit superior yield, stress resistance, and quality. In this study, homologous tetraploid wucai (Brassica campestris L.) was successfully obtained by spraying seedling growth points with colchicine. The morphological, cytological, and physiological characteristics of diploid and tetraploid wucai were analyzed, [...] Read more.
Polyploid plants often exhibit superior yield, stress resistance, and quality. In this study, homologous tetraploid wucai (Brassica campestris L.) was successfully obtained by spraying seedling growth points with colchicine. The morphological, cytological, and physiological characteristics of diploid and tetraploid wucai were analyzed, and transcriptomic sequencing was performed at three stages of development. Tetraploid seedings grew slowly but exhibited darker leaves, enlarged organs and cells, increased stomatal volume, decreased stomatal density, improved nutritional content, and enhanced photosynthesis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in diploid and tetraploid plants at three stages of development were enriched in different pathways. Notably, DEGs identified in the tetraploid plants were specifically enriched in starch and sucrose metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and ascorbate and aldarate metabolism. In addition, we found that the light green module was most relevant to ploidy, and DEGs in this module were significantly enriched in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and TCA cycle pathways. The differential expression of key glycolysis-associated genes at different developmental stages may be the driver of the observed differences between diploid and tetraploid wucai. This study lays a technical foundation for the development of polyploid wucai germplasm resources as well as the breeding of new varieties with improved quality, yield, and stress resistance. It also provides a good empirical reference for the genetic breeding of closely related Brassica species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Domestication and Genetics of Horticultural Plants)
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Review

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25 pages, 1798 KiB  
Review
Kiwifruit in the Omics Age: Advances in Genomics, Breeding, and Beyond
by Mian Faisal Nazir, Jinpeng Lou, Yu Wang, Shuaiyu Zou and Hongwen Huang
Plants 2024, 13(15), 2156; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13152156 - 3 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1181
Abstract
The kiwifruit, Actinidia genus, has emerged as a nutritionally rich and economically significant crop with a history rooted in China. This review paper examines the global journey of the kiwifruit, its genetic diversity, and the role of advanced breeding techniques in its cultivation [...] Read more.
The kiwifruit, Actinidia genus, has emerged as a nutritionally rich and economically significant crop with a history rooted in China. This review paper examines the global journey of the kiwifruit, its genetic diversity, and the role of advanced breeding techniques in its cultivation and improvement. The expansion of kiwifruit cultivation from China to New Zealand, Italy, Chile and beyond, driven by the development of new cultivars and improved agricultural practices, is discussed, highlighting the fruit’s high content of vitamins C, E, and K. The genetic resources within the Actinidia genus are reviewed, with emphasis on the potential of this diversity in breeding programs. The review provides extensive coverage to the application of modern omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, which have revolutionized the understanding of the biology of kiwifruit and facilitated targeted breeding efforts. It examines both conventional breeding methods and modern approaches, like marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, mutation breeding, and the potential of CRISPR-Cas9 technology for precise trait enhancement. Special attention is paid to interspecific hybridization and cisgenesis as strategies for incorporating beneficial traits and developing superior kiwifruit varieties. This comprehensive synthesis not only sheds light on the current state of kiwifruit research and breeding, but also outlines the future directions and challenges in the field, underscoring the importance of integrating traditional and omics-based approaches to meet the demands of a changing global climate and market preferences. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Domestication and Genetics of Horticultural Plants)
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