The Function of Protein Signal Pathways in the Regulation of Plant Growth and Stress

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Cell Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 2011

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moors University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
Interests: plant biotechnology; plant S-acylation; plant stress signalling

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Guest Editor
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
Interests: abiotic stress tolerance; crop biotechnology; carotenoid biosynthesis; genetic diversity of underutilized crops
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Dear Colleagues,

We would like to invite you to submit your latest research to this Special Issue of Plants. Minireviews are also welcome and the deadline for manuscript submissions is 30 June 2024.

Protein signal pathways play crucial roles in perceiving and regulating various aspects of plant growth and stress responses. These pathways involve complex interactions between proteins that transmit signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus, coordinating the plant's response to internal and external stimuli. They control diverse aspects of plant growth and development, cell division, differentiation, and morphogenesis, regulating leaf, root and shoot growth and development, flowering and fruit ripening. Signals from plant hormones are perceived by relevant receptors to influence seed germination, root elongation, flowering and fruit development. When plants encounter abiotic and biotic stresses such as drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, and pathogen attacks, stress and defence-related proteins, secondary metabolites and the induction of systemic acquired resistance in the related signalling pathways are triggered to protect the plant from further damage. Protein signal pathways are also involved in regulating gene expression by modulating transcription factors and other regulatory proteins, altering gene expression and affecting cellular processes, allowing the plant to adapt to environmental stress. It is also interesting that the crosstalk between different signalling pathways often occurs, resulting in overlapping responses to growth, development and environmental stresses. This could help plants prioritize survival strategies in adverse conditions, for example.

Understanding signalling pathways not only sheds light on the remarkable adaptability of plants, but also has practical implications for agriculture, as it can inform strategies for crop improvement, pest control and sustainable farming practices. Plant signalling remains a fascinating area of research, along with its vital role in shaping ecosystems and food production.

Dr. Baoxiu Qi
Dr. Rachael Symonds
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • protein signalling
  • plant development
  • plant hormones
  • abiotic stress
  • biotic stress

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 3729 KiB  
Article
Rehmannia glutinosa RgMATE35 Participates in the Root Secretion of Phenolic Acids and Modulates the Development of Plant Replant Disease
by Yanhui Yang, Bingyang Guo, Yan Jin, Mingjie Li, Zichao Wang, Jiaqi Zhao, Haiqin Ma, Tongyu Wu and Zhongyi Zhang
Plants 2024, 13(21), 3007; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13213007 - 28 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Phenolic allelochemicals from root exudates dominate rhizosphere formation, lead to autotoxicity in plants subjected to continuous monoculture (CM) stress and induce the emergence of replant disease. However, the regulatory mechanisms governing the transport of phenolics from plant roots to the rhizosphere remain poorly [...] Read more.
Phenolic allelochemicals from root exudates dominate rhizosphere formation, lead to autotoxicity in plants subjected to continuous monoculture (CM) stress and induce the emergence of replant disease. However, the regulatory mechanisms governing the transport of phenolics from plant roots to the rhizosphere remain poorly understood. A potential phenolic efflux transporter from Rehmannia glutinosa, designated RgMATE35, has been preliminarily characterized. The objective of this study was to elucidate the molecular function of RgMATE35 in the secretion of phenolics and to investigate its role in the development of plant replant disease using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), genetic transformation, HPLC-Q-TOF-MS and other analytical techniques. A tissue expression pattern analysis of RgMATE35 revealed that it is highly expressed in plant roots. Transient expression analysis confirmed the localization of the protein in plasma membranes. An assessment of the transport activity of RgMATE35 in Xenopus oocytes indicated that it plays a role in facilitating the efflux of labeled ferulic acid ([2H3]-FA) and trans-p-coumaric acid [2H6]-pCA. The results of functional studies in R. glutinosa demonstrated that RgMATE35 positively mediates the secretion of FA and pCA from plant roots into the rhizosphere. A molecular and physiological analysis of RgMATE35 transgenic plants subjected to CM stress revealed that the overexpression or repression of RgMATE35 resulted in notable changes in the degree of autotoxic injury in plants. These findings demonstrate that RgMATE35 plays a positive role in the development of replant disease through the secretion of phenolic acids from plant roots. They also provide a fundamental framework for elucidating the molecular regulatory mechanism through which MATEs regulate replant disease through the root secretion of allelochemicals. Full article
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18 pages, 5905 KiB  
Article
Methionine Synthase 2 Represses Stem Cell Maintenance of Arabidopsis thaliana in Response to Salt Stress
by Jiaqi Qiu, Minghuang Chen, Feng Lu, Xiaofen Chen, Zheqi Cai and Tao Huang
Plants 2024, 13(16), 2224; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13162224 - 10 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1063
Abstract
Salt stress represses the growth and development of plants that mainly depend on the continual propagation and differentiation of stem cells. WUSCHEL (WUS)/WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX (WOX) family proteins determine stem cell fate in plants under ever-changing environments. It is not yet known how plant [...] Read more.
Salt stress represses the growth and development of plants that mainly depend on the continual propagation and differentiation of stem cells. WUSCHEL (WUS)/WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX (WOX) family proteins determine stem cell fate in plants under ever-changing environments. It is not yet known how plant stem cell homeostasis is regulated under salt stress. Methionine synthase catalyzes the formation of methionine by methylating homocysteine in the one-carbon metabolism pathway. In this work, we investigated the role of Arabidopsis METHIONINE SYNTHASE 2 (AtMS2) in stem cell homeostasis under salt stress. The results showed that AtMS2 represses the stem cell maintenance of Arabidopsis in response to salt stress. Under normal growth conditions, AtMS2 is mainly localized in the cytoplasm. However, under salt stress, it exhibits significant accumulation in the nucleus. AtMS2 interacts with the WUS/WOX protein, and, together, they repress WUS/WOX expression by binding to its promoter. The mutation in AtMS2 resulted in enhanced salt tolerance. Therefore, AtMS2 might act as a key negative regulator to repress the stem cell maintenance and growth of Arabidopsis under salt stress. Full article
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