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The Effect of Carbon Dioxide Concentration on Plant Physiology
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The Effect of Carbon Dioxide Concentration on Plant Physiology

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Physiology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2022) | Viewed by 13720

Special Issue Editor

Dr. James A. Bunce

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Guest Editor
Adaptive Cropping Systems Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
Interests: photosynthesis; plant–water relations; climate change; elevated CO2; water stress; high-temperature stress; plant adaptation to environment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The concentration of carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphere continues to rise rapidly because of the burning of fossil fuels and changes in land use. The rise in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide has well-known effects on photosynthesis in species with C3 metabolism, as well as on the stomatal conductance of many species, both C3 and C4. Intra- and inter-specific differences in response and interactions with other environmental variables have received, and continue to receive, much experimental attention because of their obvious importance to the future climate and to human welfare. Additionally, several other plant physiological processes, such as nutrient uptake, seed germination, flowering, respiration, nitrogen metabolism, and circadian rhythms, also respond to carbon dioxide concentration but have been much less studied. In this Special Issue, we hope to have papers that cover many different aspects of plant physiological responses to carbon dioxide concentration.

Dr. James A. Bunce
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plant physiology
  • photosynthesis
  • respiration
  • stomatal conductance
  • nutrient uptake
  • seed germination
  • flowering
  • nitrogen metabolism
  • circadian rhythms

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 3289 KiB  
Article
High Atmospheric CO2 Concentration Mitigates Drought Effects on Acanthostyles buniifolius an Important Grassland Weed in South America
by Tamara Heck, Marcus Vinícius Fipke, Rubens Antonio Polito, Gustavo Maia Souza, Dirceu Agostinetto, Anderson Luis Nunes and Luis Antonio de Avila
Plants 2022, 11(17), 2270; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11172270 - 31 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1528
Abstract
The differential growth and yield response of plant species to rising carbon dioxide concentrations and climatic change may alter species diversity within biomes. The Pampa Biome in South America is an important grassland biome of agronomic and environmental importance. Acanthostyles buniifolius (Chirca) is [...] Read more.
The differential growth and yield response of plant species to rising carbon dioxide concentrations and climatic change may alter species diversity within biomes. The Pampa Biome in South America is an important grassland biome of agronomic and environmental importance. Acanthostyles buniifolius (Chirca) is one of the most important weeds in natural pasture areas widely distributed in southern South America and can adversely affect livestock production. The current study was designed to identify possible responses of Chirca to CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and drought that would indicate higher adaptation and potential proliferation within the Pampa Biome. Chirca plants were cultivated at two CO2 concentrations (400 (a[CO2]) and 700 (e[CO2]) µmol mol−1) and two water conditions (under water restriction—15% of the pot capacity; and plants without water restriction—pot capacity). Besides growth parameters, we also determined water potential (ѱw), relative water contents (RWC), proline, glycine betaine, total soluble sugars, hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, chlorophyll A and B, carotenoids and root dry mass (RDM). Plants exposed to e[CO2] are more efficient in water use and have a greater increase in root dry mass, enabling greater adaptation to climate-induced droughts. Among the biochemical changes observed in the plants under drought stress, the accumulation of proline, glycine betaine, and total soluble sugars were the most evident mechanisms allowing plants to tolerate drought stress by osmotic adjustment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effect of Carbon Dioxide Concentration on Plant Physiology)
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11 pages, 1457 KiB  
Article
Unexpected Responses of Bean Leaf Size to Elevated CO2
by James Bunce
Plants 2022, 11(7), 908; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11070908 - 29 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2139
Abstract
CO2 is currently a growth-limiting resource for plants with C3 metabolism, and elevated CO2 also often reduces stomatal conductance, reducing plant water stress. Increased photosynthesis and improved water status might be expected to result in increased leaf size. It is [...] Read more.
CO2 is currently a growth-limiting resource for plants with C3 metabolism, and elevated CO2 also often reduces stomatal conductance, reducing plant water stress. Increased photosynthesis and improved water status might be expected to result in increased leaf size. It is therefore unexpected that leaf size is in some cases reduced in plants grown at elevated CO2, and also unexpected that elevated CO2 applied only during darkness can increase leaf size. These experiments compared leaf size responses to day and/or night elevated CO2 in six cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris grown with either constant or varying temperature in controlled environment chambers. Diverse responses of leaf size to elevated CO2 were found among the cultivars, including increased leaf size with elevated CO2 applied only during darkness in some cultivars and temperature regimes. However, leaf size responses to elevated CO2 and cultivar differences in response were unrelated to differences in leaf water potential or turgor pressure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effect of Carbon Dioxide Concentration on Plant Physiology)
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Review

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18 pages, 992 KiB  
Review
Physiological and Molecular Responses of Woody Plants Exposed to Future Atmospheric CO2 Levels under Abiotic Stresses
by Ana Karla M. Lobo, Ingrid C. A. Catarino, Emerson A. Silva, Danilo C. Centeno and Douglas S. Domingues
Plants 2022, 11(14), 1880; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11141880 - 20 Jul 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3550
Abstract
Climate change is mainly driven by the accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere in the last century. Plant growth is constantly challenged by environmental fluctuations including heat waves, severe drought and salinity, along with ozone accumulation in the atmosphere. [...] Read more.
Climate change is mainly driven by the accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere in the last century. Plant growth is constantly challenged by environmental fluctuations including heat waves, severe drought and salinity, along with ozone accumulation in the atmosphere. Food security is at risk in an increasing world population, and it is necessary to face the current and the expected effects of global warming. The effects of the predicted environment scenario of elevated CO2 concentration (e[CO2]) and more severe abiotic stresses have been scarcely investigated in woody plants, and an integrated view involving physiological, biochemical and molecular data is missing. This review highlights the effects of elevated CO2 in the metabolism of woody plants and the main findings of its interaction with abiotic stresses, including a molecular point of view, aiming to improve the understanding of how woody plants will face the predicted environmental conditions. Overall, e[CO2] stimulates photosynthesis and growth and attenuates mild to moderate abiotic stress in woody plants if root growth and nutrients are not limited. Moreover, e[CO2] does not induce acclimation in most tree species. Some high-throughput analyses involving omics techniques were conducted to better understand how these processes are regulated. Finally, knowledge gaps in the understanding of how the predicted climate condition will affect woody plant metabolism were identified, with the aim of improving the growth and production of this plant species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effect of Carbon Dioxide Concentration on Plant Physiology)
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11 pages, 516 KiB  
Review
Rising Carbon Dioxide and Global Nutrition: Evidence and Action Needed
by Lewis H. Ziska
Plants 2022, 11(7), 1000; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11071000 - 6 Apr 2022
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 4733
Abstract
While the role of CO2 as a greenhouse gas in the context of global warming is widely acknowledged, additional data from multiple sources is demonstrating that rising CO2 of and by itself will have a tremendous effect on plant biology. This [...] Read more.
While the role of CO2 as a greenhouse gas in the context of global warming is widely acknowledged, additional data from multiple sources is demonstrating that rising CO2 of and by itself will have a tremendous effect on plant biology. This effect is widely recognized for its role in stimulating photosynthesis and growth for multiple plant species, including crops. However, CO2 is also likely to alter plant chemistry in ways that will denigrate plant nutrition. That role is also of tremendous importance, not only from a human health viewpoint, but also from a global food–web perspective. Here, the goal is to review the current evidence, propose potential mechanistic explanations, provide an overview of critical unknowns and to elucidate a series of next steps that can address what is, overall, a critical but unappreciated aspect of anthropogenic climate change. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effect of Carbon Dioxide Concentration on Plant Physiology)
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