Physiological and Agronomic Responses of Plants Irrigated with Saline Reclaimed Water

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Physiology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 October 2021) | Viewed by 3577

Special Issue Editors

CEBAS- CSIC, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Murcia, Spain
Interests: plant–soil water relations; deficit irrigation; water status indicators for precision irrigation; reclaimed water management in orchards and in irrigation communities; nutritional needs of crops; models in crop physiology; transpiration and photosynthesis under different abiotic stresses; soil water balance; multispectral and thermal data

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Guest Editor
CEBAS- CSIC, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Murcia, Spain
Interests: sustainable water management; deficit irrigation; reclaimed water; desalinated water; water relations; salinity and water stresses; plant physiology; agronomic parameters; isotopic discrimination; spectral and thermal data; citrus; olive; almond
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Climate change is influencing the availability of water resources worldwide, reducing renewable surface water and groundwater resources at an alarming rate in most arid and semiarid regions. It is estimated that by 2025, around 2 billion people will be affected by water scarcity with a potential impact on agricultural production. Reused reclaimed water (RW) is considered a non-expensive and reliable non-conventional water source. This water usually contains essential nutrients, beneficial for crop growth and economy of the growers, but also salts and toxic ions which discharge into the environment and can accumulate in soil and crops over time, with negative consequences for soils, plants, and underground water bodies. RW irrigation can cause the accumulation of salts (mainly ions) in the crop root zone to concentrations that result in a damage to soil, plant physiology and yield. In this sense, the impacts of RW must be studied mainly at the levels of plant agrophysiology and ecosystem. 

This Special Issue of Plants is poised to address these questions. The issue focuses mainly on the physiological and agronomic responses of plants irrigated with saline reclaimed water and their impact on fruit and soil quality.

Dr. Emilio Nicolás
Dr. Cristina Romero-Trigueros
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • soil quality
  • plant water status
  • plant physiology
  • saline treated wastewater
  • yield
  • fruit quality
  • nutrients
  • molecular markers

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 3172 KiB  
Article
Isohydricity of Two Different Citrus Species under Deficit Irrigation and Reclaimed Water Conditions
by Cristina Romero-Trigueros, Jose María Bayona Gambín, Pedro Antonio Nortes Tortosa, Juan José Alarcón Cabañero and Emilio Nicolás Nicolás
Plants 2021, 10(10), 2121; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10102121 - 6 Oct 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2881
Abstract
Citrus species are frequently subjected to water and saline stresses worldwide. We evaluated the effects of diurnal changes in the evaporative demands and soil water contents on the plant physiology of grapefruit and mandarin crops under saline reclaimed (RW) and transfer (TW) water [...] Read more.
Citrus species are frequently subjected to water and saline stresses worldwide. We evaluated the effects of diurnal changes in the evaporative demands and soil water contents on the plant physiology of grapefruit and mandarin crops under saline reclaimed (RW) and transfer (TW) water conditions, combined with two irrigation strategies, fully irrigated (fI) and non-irrigated (nI). The physiological responses were different depending on the species. Grapefruit showed an isohydric pattern, which restricted the use of the leaf water potential (Ψl) as a plant water status indicator. Its water status was affected by salinity (RW) and water stress (nI), mainly as the combination of both stresses (RW-nI); however, mandarin turned out to be relatively more tolerant to salinity and more sensitive to water stress, mainly because of its low hydraulic conductance (K) levels, showing a critical drop in Ψl that led to severe losses of root–stem (Kroot–stem) and canopy (Kcanopy) hydraulic conductance in TW-nI. This behavior was not observed in RW-nI because a reduction in canopy volume as an adaptive characteristic was observed; thus, mandarin exhibited more anisohydric behavior compared to grapefruit, but isohydrodynamic since its hydrodynamic water potential gradient from roots to shoots (ΔΨplant) was relatively constant across variations in stomatal conductance (gs) and soil water potential. The gs was considered a good plant water status indicator for irrigation scheduling purposes in both species, and its responses to diurnal VPD rise and soil drought were strongly correlated with Kroot–stem. ABA did not show any effect on stomatal regulation, highlighting the fundamental role of plant hydraulics in driving stomatal closure. Full article
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