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A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 11478

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Xiaoxing Yan

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Guest Editor

1. Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
2. College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
Interests: polymeric microcapsule; polymeric coating; self-healing
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

During the long-term use of polymeric coatings on wood surfaces, microcracks occur in the coating due to environmental factors, physical damage, or other factors, which will reduce its protective performance and affect the service life of wood products. Microcapsules comply with stress rupture, release healing agents, prevent the expansion of microcracks, and realize self-repair without affecting the original properties of the polymeric coating. Self-repairing microcapsule technology applied in coatings has become a hot research direction.

This Special Issue aims to collect the latest research on self-healing microcapsules in polymeric coatings on the wood surface and multifunctional polymeric coatings, paying special attention to new self-healing systems with more effective repair rates, and welcomes comprehensive review papers on the progress of polymeric coatings from leading experts.

Dr. Xiaoxing Yan
Guest Editor

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Keywords

polymeric microcapsules
polymeric coating
self-healing
repairing rate

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3245 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Transparent and Efficient Wood-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Energy Harvesting and Self-Powered Sensing

by Ting Cheng, Kunli Cao, Yidan Jing, Hongyan Wang and Yan Wu

Polymers 2024, 16(9), 1208; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16091208 - 26 Apr 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1147

Abstract

Wood possesses several advantageous qualities including innocuity, low cost, aesthetic appeal, and excellent biocompatibility, and its naturally abundant functional groups and diverse structural forms facilitate functionalization modification. As the most sustainable bio-based material, the combination of wood with triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) stands poised to significantly advance the cause of green sustainable production while mitigating the escalating challenges of energy consumption. However, the inherent weak polarizability of natural wood limits its development for TENGs. Herein, we present the pioneering development of a flexible transparent wood-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TW-TENG) combining excellent triboelectrical properties, optical properties, and wood aesthetics through sodium chlorite delignification and epoxy resin impregnation. Thanks to the strong electron-donating groups in the epoxy resin, the TW-TENG obtained an open-circuit voltage of up to ~127 V, marking a remarkable 530% enhancement compared to the original wood. Furthermore, durability and stability were substantiated through 10,000 working cycles. In addition, the introduction of epoxy resin and lignin removal endowed the TW-TENG with excellent optical characteristics, with optical transmittance of up to 88.8%, while preserving the unique texture and aesthetics of the wood completely. Finally, we show the application prospects of TW-TENGs in the fields of self-power supply, motion sensing, and smart home through the demonstration of a TW-TENG in the charging and discharging of capacitors and the output of electrical signals in different scenarios. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Proformance Wood Coating)

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14 pages, 26102 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Preparation of Nano Silicon Carbide Modified UV Paint and Its Application Performance on Wood Flooring Surface

by Kankan Zhou, Manping Xu, Wangjun Wu and Jin Wang

Polymers 2023, 15(23), 4584; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15234584 - 30 Nov 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1126

Abstract

This study aims to tackle the drawback of non-abrasion-resistance of wood flooring with paint finish. A new method for preparing wood flooring with super-abrasion-resistant coatings by adding nano silicon carbide (SiC) particles to the paint was developed. As indicated by the results, the best mass fraction of nano SiC powder added in ultraviolet (UV) paint is 2.0%, the suspension liquid is stable when the mass concentration of sodium hexametaphosphate added is 2.5%, and it is better for the site humidity to remain below 75% when the nano SiC paint coating is applied. During the preparation of wood flooring with super-abrasion-resistant coating finish, the dosage of finish applied each time should not exceed 30 g/m². During the sanding process, the sanding speed needs to be increased by about 2 m/s compared with that for the ordinary UV nano SiC primer in production. The test results of the performance of finished products indicate that the prepared wood flooring has better film abrasion resistance, adhesion of paint film, and film hardness. Meanwhile, because the paint film is durable and weather resistant, the service life of flooring is effectively extended, avoiding a significant waste of the product’s use value and broadening the product’s application range. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Proformance Wood Coating)

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19 pages, 11882 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Sandpaper Meshes on the Performance of Tilia Sp. Self-Repairing Coatings

by Yijuan Chang and Zhihui Wu

Polymers 2023, 15(13), 2835; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15132835 - 27 Jun 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1044

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the impact of different sandpaper sanding meshes on the mechanical and optical properties of microencapsulated Tilia sp. film. An orthogonal experiment revealed that sanding between primers had the most significant effect. Furthermore, an independent experiment implied that increasing the mesh size resulted in decreased surface roughness and decreased color difference, elongation at break, and gloss after liquid resistance. In the aging test, the color difference of the paint film increased with the aging time, and the gloss tended to stabilize. Additionally, the anti-aging gloss of 240 mesh sandpaper used between primers remained relatively stable. The paint film sanded with 240 mesh sandpaper between primers displayed small and regular cracks after temperature and UV aging. Overall, the paint film demonstrated good comprehensive performance when sanded with 240 mesh between primers, 240 mesh between primer/topcoat, and 1000 mesh for topcoat. Self-repairing microcapsules showed better repair efficacy on the coating. This study provides a technical reference for the development of self-repairing coatings. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Proformance Wood Coating)

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18 pages, 4912 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Preparation and Properties of a Novel Cross-Linked Network Waterborne Polyurethane for Wood Lacquer

by Yuanyuan Zhou, Yan Liu, Binjie Xin, Ying Qin and Guankun Kuang

Polymers 2023, 15(9), 2193; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15092193 - 5 May 2023

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2494

Abstract

Waterborne polyurethane (WPU) is a waterborne coating with excellent physicochemical properties. Its deficiencies of water resistance, chemical resistance, staining, and hardness have limited the wide application of polyurethane in the wood lacquer market. In this study, polycarbonate diols (PCDL) were used as soft segments and WPCU was modified by cross-linking using Trimethylolpropane (TMP) to prepare polycarbonate type WPU (WPCU) with cross-linked network structure. The new wood lacquer was prepared by adding various additives and tested by applying it on wood board. The successful synthesis of WPCU was determined by FTIR testing, and the cross-linking degree of WPCU was probed by low-field NMR. The viscosity of the cross-linked WPCU emulsion showed a decreasing trend compared to the uncross-linked WPCU emulsion, and WPCU-2 had the smallest particle size. Compared with the uncrosslinked WPCU film, the crosslinked WPCU film had lower water absorption (2.2%), higher water contact angle (72.7°), excellent tensile strength (44.02 MPa), higher thermomechanical, and better water and alcohol resistance. The effect of crosslinker content on the microphase separation of WPCU chain segments on the surface roughness of the film was investigated by SEM. The wood paint prepared by WPCU emulsion has good dry heat resistance, chemical resistance, and adhesion, and the hardness of the wood paint when the TMP content is 3% reaches H. It also has good resistance to sticky stains, which can be used to develop new wood lacquer. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Proformance Wood Coating)

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11 pages, 2672 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Chemical Structure and Microscopic Morphology Changes of Dyed Wood Holocellulose Exposed to UV Irradiation

by Hui Shi, Yongqing Ni, Hongwu Guo and Yi Liu

Polymers 2023, 15(5), 1125; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15051125 - 23 Feb 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1609

Abstract

Dyed wood is prone to photoaging when exposed to UV irradiation which decreases its decorative effect and service life. Holocellulose, as the main component of dyed wood, has a photodegradation behavior which is still unclear. To investigate the effect of UV irradiation on chemical structure and microscopic morphology changes of dyed wood holocellulose, Maple birch (Betulacostata Trautv) dyed wood and holocellulose were exposed to UV accelerated aging treatment; the photoresponsivity includes crystallization, chemical structure, thermal stability, and microstructure were studied. Results showed that UV radiation has no significant effect on the lattice structure of dyed wood fibers. The wood crystal zone diffraction 2θ and layer spacing was basically unchanged. With the UV radiation time extension, the relative crystallinity of dyed wood and holocellulose showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, but the overall change was not significant. The relative crystallinity change range of the dyed wood was not more than 3%, and the dyed holocellulose was not more than 5%. UV radiation caused the molecular chain chemical bond in the non-crystalline region of dyed holocellulose to break, the fiber underwent photooxidation degradation, and the surface photoetching feature was prominent. Wood fiber morphology was damaged and destroyed, finally leading to the degradation and corrosion of the dyed wood. Studying the photodegradation of holocellulose is helpful to understand the photochromic mechanism of dyed wood, and, further, to improve its weather resistance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Proformance Wood Coating)

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15 pages, 3094 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Fluorane Microcapsule Content on Properties of Thermochroic Waterborne Topcoat on Tilia europaea

by Zixin Yang, Yan Han, Wenwen Peng, Lin Wang and Xiaoxing Yan

Polymers 2022, 14(17), 3638; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14173638 - 2 Sep 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1325

Abstract

In a particular temperature range, 1, 2-benzo-6-diethylamino-fluorane microcapsules (fluorane microcapsules) exhibit a good color-changing function. For the coating on wood surfaces, embedding fluorane microcapsules, good weather resistance, light retention, color retention, impact resistance, and wear resistance are essential. However, the effect of fluorane microcapsule content on its properties has not been verified. Therefore, in this paper, the orthogonal test is designed with the fluorane microcapsule content, drying temperature, and drying time as test factors to identify the most influential factors. Then, by embedding microcapsules into the waterborne coating on wood substrates, the performance of the waterborne topcoat was investigated. The results show that the color of the waterborne topcoat with fluorane microcapsules on a basswood (Tilia europaea) surface can change between yellow and colorless when the temperature rises and falls, achieving reversible thermochromism. The activation temperature was 32 °C, and the range of discoloration temperature was 30–32 °C. The topcoat with a 15% fluorane microcapsule content had the best comprehensive performance. The color difference was 71.9 at 32 °C, the gloss was 3.9% at 60°, the adhesion grade was 0, the hardness was 2H, the impact resistance was 10 kg·cm, the elongation at the break was 15.56%, and liquid resistance was outstanding. After aging tests, the color difference of the topcoat with 15% fluorane microcapsules was more obvious. The damaged area of the topcoat with the addition of 15% fluorane microcapsules was smaller, indicating it had a better aging resistance. The experimental results lay the foundation for the preparation of intelligence-indicating and decorative waterborne coating. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Proformance Wood Coating)

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18 pages, 5378 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effects of Thermochromic Fluorane Microcapsules and Self-Repairing Waterborne Acrylic Microcapsules on the Properties of Water-Based Coatings on Basswood Surface

by Pan Pan, Xiaoxing Yan and Lin Wang

Polymers 2022, 14(12), 2500; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14122500 - 19 Jun 2022

Cited by 14 | Viewed by 1969

Abstract

The effect of the addition of fluorane microcapsules and urea formaldehyde resin (UF) waterborne acrylic resin microcapsules on the comprehensive properties of the water film on the surface of basswood was studied. Three-factor and two-level orthogonal experiments were carried out with “fluorane microcapsule content”, “aqueous acrylic resin microcapsule content” and the “fluorane microcapsule addition method” to prepare a self-repairing thermochromic coating. The optical, mechanical, microstructure and self-repairing properties of the film were optimized by independent experiments on the maximum influence factors of the fluorane microcapsule content. It was concluded that the topcoat with 15% fluorane microcapsules and primer added with 15% water acrylic resin microcapsules had better comprehensive properties. The temperature range was 30–32 °C, the color difference at 32 °C was 72.6 ± 2.0, the 60° gloss was 3.3%, the adhesion was 0 grade, the hardness was 4 H, the impact resistance was 15.0 ± 0.8 kg∙cm, the elongation at break was 17.2% and the gap width was reduced by 3.5 ± 0.1 μm after the film was repaired. The repair rate reached 62.5%. By using microcapsule embedding technology, the repair agent and discoloration agent are embedded in the matrix. The waterborne acrylic resin microcapsules can effectively inhibit crack formation in the coating, and the fluorane microcapsules can achieve the thermochromic property of the coating. This study provides a new research idea for the self-repairing thermochromic dual function of a water-based coating. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Proformance Wood Coating)

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