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Research on Nutrient Dynamics in Lakes
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Research on Nutrient Dynamics in Lakes

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2024) | Viewed by 5974

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Shengrui Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Interests: nitrogen; phosphorus; organic matter; dynamics; lake
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Jingfu Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
Interests: nitrogen; phosphorus; organic matter; sediment; lake; reservoir
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Zhibin Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
Interests: sediment; lake; nitrogen; phosphorus; organic matter; heavy metal

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Water pollution and eutrophication are the hot issues of lake protection and governance, especially the study of biogeochemical processes and dynamics of nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter, and heavy metals. This Special Issue focuses on the study of lake trophic dynamics, including case studies and theoretical and methodological studies, among which new methods and advances in nutrient morphology and processes, interaction mechanisms, models and process simulations, and water–sediment–organism distribution and transport have attracted much attention. The purpose of this Special Issue is to provide a communication platform for scholars engaged in the study of lake nutrient geochemistry and dynamics.

Prof. Dr. Shengrui Wang
Dr. Jingfu Wang
Prof. Dr. Zhibin Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nitrogen
  • phosphorus
  • organic matter
  • heavy metal
  • dynamics
  • sediment
  • lake

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

29 pages, 15304 KiB  
Article
Lake Trafford Nutrients Budget and Influxes After Organic Sediment Dredging (South Florida, USA)
by Serge Thomas, Mark A. Lucius, Jong-Yeop Kim, Edwin M. Everham III and Thomas M. Missimer
Water 2024, 16(22), 3258; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16223258 - 13 Nov 2024
Viewed by 525
Abstract
Lake Trafford, a 600-ha subtropical lake in southwestern Florida, has suffered from over 50 years of cultural eutrophication, resulting in the invasion of Hydrilla verticillata and organic sediment accumulation due to herbicide treatments. This study aimed to assess the effects of dredging on [...] Read more.
Lake Trafford, a 600-ha subtropical lake in southwestern Florida, has suffered from over 50 years of cultural eutrophication, resulting in the invasion of Hydrilla verticillata and organic sediment accumulation due to herbicide treatments. This study aimed to assess the effects of dredging on nutrient dynamics. A pre-dredging nutrient budget, developed using land use models and climatic data, estimated nutrient loads of 190 kg d−1 for total nitrogen (TN) and 18.6 kg d−1 for total phosphorus (TP), with total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) of 70.4 kg d−1 for TN and 4.15 kg d−1 for TP. Post-dredging analysis, using detailed spatiotemporal data, showed higher nutrient loads of 274.3 kg d−1 for TN and 24.2 kg d−1 for TP. While dredging reduced legacy nutrient accumulation, it led to increased nutrient influx from groundwater, caused by the exposure of organic sediment, as evidenced by increased lake water electrical conductivity. These findings demonstrate the importance of conducting thorough pre-dredging assessments to mitigate unintended consequences, offering practical insights for managing nutrient loads and improving restoration strategies in eutrophic lakes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Nutrient Dynamics in Lakes)
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32 pages, 7266 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Seasonal Reservoir Water Treatment Processes in Southwest Florida: Protection of the Caloosahatchee River Estuary
by Thomas M. Missimer, Seneshaw Tsegaye, Serge Thomas, Ashley Danley-Thomson and Peter R. Michael
Water 2024, 16(15), 2145; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16152145 - 29 Jul 2024
Viewed by 853
Abstract
In southwest Florida, the Caloosahatchee River flows from Lake Okeechobee into a biologically productive tidal estuarine system. A combination of excess water during the wet season, insufficient fresh water in the dry season, and poor quality of the river water are damaging the [...] Read more.
In southwest Florida, the Caloosahatchee River flows from Lake Okeechobee into a biologically productive tidal estuarine system. A combination of excess water during the wet season, insufficient fresh water in the dry season, and poor quality of the river water are damaging the estuarine ecosystem. To better control the quality and quantity of the water entering the estuary, reservoirs are being constructed to store excess, poor quality water during the wet season and return it to the river for discharge into the estuary at an appropriate time. This stored water is enriched in nutrients and organic carbon. Because of the subtropical nature of the climate in southwest Florida and potential increases in temperature in the future, the return flow of water from the reservoirs must be treated before it can be returned to the river. Hence, an experimental water treatment system was developed and operated to compare biological treatment processes consisting of solely wetland plants versus adding some engineered processes, including slow sand filtration and a combination of slow sand filtration and ultraviolet (UV) treatment. These three treatment trains were operated and monitored through a seasonal cycle in 2021–2022. All three treatment methods significantly reduced the concentrations of nutrients and total organic carbon. While the enhanced engineered wetlands’ treatment trains did slightly outperform the wetland train, a comparison of the three process trains showed no statistically significant difference. It was concluded that upscaling of the slow sand filtration and UV process could improve the treatment efficiency, but this change would have to be evaluated within a framework of long-term economic benefits. It was also concluded that the Caloosahatchee River water quality is quite enriched in nutrients so that reservoir storage would increase the organic carbon concentrations, making it imperative that it be treated before being returned to the river. It was also discovered that the green alga Cladophora sp. grew rapidly in the biological treatment tubs and will present a significant challenge for the treatment of the reservoir discharge water using the currently proposed alum treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Nutrient Dynamics in Lakes)
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28 pages, 12078 KiB  
Article
Water Budget for Lake Trafford, a Natural Subtropical Lake in South Florida: An Example of Enhanced Groundwater Influx in a Subtropical Lake Subsequent to Organic Sediment Dredging
by Serge Thomas, Mark A. Lucius, Jong-Yeop Kim, Edwin M. Everham III, Dana L. Dettmar and Thomas M. Missimer
Water 2024, 16(8), 1188; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16081188 - 22 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1662
Abstract
A very detailed water budget analysis was conducted on Lake Trafford in South Florida. The inflow was dominated by surface water influx via five canals (61%), with groundwater influx constituting 12% and direct rainfall constituting 27%. Lake discharge was dominated by sheet flow [...] Read more.
A very detailed water budget analysis was conducted on Lake Trafford in South Florida. The inflow was dominated by surface water influx via five canals (61%), with groundwater influx constituting 12% and direct rainfall constituting 27%. Lake discharge was dominated by sheet flow (69%) and evapotranspiration (30.5%), with groundwater recharge of the hydraulically connected unconfined aquifer accounting for only 0.5%. The removal of 30 M tons (4.4 × 106 m3) of organic sediment impacted the groundwater influx, causing enhanced groundwater flow into the deeper parts of the lake and mixed flow along the banks, creating a rather unusual pattern. The large number of groundwater seepage meters used during this investigation led to a very reliable set of measurements with occasional failure of only a few meters. A distinctive relationship was found between the wet-season lake stage, heavy rainfall events, and pulses of exiting sheet flow from the lake. Estimation of the evapotranspiration loss using data collected from a weather station on the lake allowed the use of three different models, which, when averaged, produced results comparable to Lake Okeechobee (South Florida). A limitation of this investigation was the inability to directly measure sheet-flow discharges, which had to be estimated as a residual within the calculated water budget. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Nutrient Dynamics in Lakes)
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15 pages, 3036 KiB  
Article
Effects of Dredging on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Storage Patterns and Retention Mechanisms in Column Core Sediments in the Caohai Region of Dianchi Lake
by Mingyan Liu, Yan Yang, Zhi Shao, Yaping Liu, Ziqi Wang, Zhengqing Chen, Mingang Chen, Lixin Jiao, Di Song, Jingyu Li and Jing Wang
Water 2024, 16(3), 449; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16030449 - 30 Jan 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2329
Abstract
Dredging is a common technique for managing eutrophication problems in waters, reducing the accumulation of pollutants by removing sediments from the bottom of water bodies. However, dredging can have complex impacts on lake ecosystems, and it is crucial to understand its benefits and [...] Read more.
Dredging is a common technique for managing eutrophication problems in waters, reducing the accumulation of pollutants by removing sediments from the bottom of water bodies. However, dredging can have complex impacts on lake ecosystems, and it is crucial to understand its benefits and mechanisms for the environment. In this paper, the dredged and undredged areas in the Caohai portion of Dianchi Lake were studied to analyze the effects of dredging on nitrogen–phosphorus transport and conversion and changes in nitrogen–phosphorus morphology content and its mechanisms by comparing the nitrogen–phosphorus morphology content and percentage, the nitrogen–phosphorus ratio, and the release contribution of the two areas. It was found that the ratio of stabilized nitrogen (SN) to stabilized phosphorus (SP) in the dredged area was lower than that in the undredged area and the BD-P and TOC content had a large turnaround at the 16–20 cm position of the sediment in the dredged area. The main conclusions were that the dredging would disrupt the internal equilibrium of the lake system for many years, with the greatest effect on the balance of the BD-P in the phosphorus forms of the sediment, and that the column cores of the dredged area at 0 to 16 cm might be newly accumulated sediments after the dredging project. However, with time, the distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus forms in the newly accumulated sediments will gradually reach a new equilibrium. In addition, dredging will also cause significant changes in the retention efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediment, and the stable nitrogen and phosphorus forms will be released and transformed into unstable nitrogen and phosphorus forms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Nutrient Dynamics in Lakes)
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