Use of Plant-Based Bioactive Products in Good Aquaculture Practices (GAPs)

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Aquatic Animals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 7262

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Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
Interests: aquatic physiology; transport stress livestock; biomarkers stress
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Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
Interests: zebrafish; morphology; alimentary tract; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy; sensory organs; aquaculture
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Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Disease, Veterinary Faculty, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu 37150, Turkey
Interests: fish nutrition; plant material; volatile compounds; digestive system; blood parameters
Bayramiç Vocational School, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17100, Turkey
Interests: fish nutrition; gene expression; fish blood parameters; essential oils; aquaculture; alternative raw material; fish feed additives
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Department of Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology Faculty, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17100, Turkey
Interests: fish diseases; aquaculture nutrition; aquatic toxicology; fish and shellfish immunology
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Animal Production Department, Fish Nutrition Research Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, at Moshtohor, Benha University, Benha 13736, Egypt
Interests: feed additives; immune response; oxidative stress; feed utilization; gene expression; microbiome

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Good aquaculture practices (GAPs) are a set of principles, processes, and protocols aimed to support efficient and responsible aquaculture production and growth while also ensuring the final product quality, safety, and environmental sustainability. Within the perspective of this vision, the utilization of bioactive products derived from plants and/or plants in aquaculture activities, primarily in fish farming, is a very efficient method. Productive production is being carried out in aquaculture systems by applying different synthetic compounds to fish, particularly chemotropic applications, to minimize long-term damage. In recent years, increased nutritional awareness has led to a reduction in the consumption of foods derived from livestock that utilize chemotherapeutics in their production process. As actual scientists have determined that chemotropics used in animal husbandry methods produce residues in the edible tissues of animals and cause destruction to the environment, numerous authorities have restricted or limited their use in livestock activities. As a result, the provision of plants and plant-based products, which are mainly edible, as replacements for synthetics for the functions of disease prevention, immune system boosting, growth enhancement, and feed evaluation utilization performance in GAPs is a prominent research approach. The bioactive products derived from plants can improve the production performance of farmed fish species, and their effects can be assessed through the monitoring of blood parameters (hematological and biochemical parameters) which represent a valid tool for aquaculture and morphological analysis. The main purpose of this Special Issue is to gather studies designed to produce potential solutions for problems encountered in finfish aquaculture of plants and/or plant-extracted products instead of synthetics under a single and large-scope roof.

Potential topics include: 

  1. Effects of plants and/or plant products on fish stress, welfare, and behavior;
  2. Plant origin aqua feed supplements (antioxidants, antimicrobials, immune modulators, growth promoters, etc.);
  3. Effects of plants and plant products on fish pathogens;
  4. Use of plant products in fish nutrition;
  5. Effects of plant products on aqua feed quality;
  6. Effects of plants and plant products on aquaculture and sustainability;
  7. Environmental outcomes of the use of plant products in aquaculture;
  8. Effects of plants and/or plant products on fish growth and morphological changes.

Prof. Dr. Francesco Fazio
Dr. Maria Cristina Guerrera
Dr. Osman Sabri Kesbiç
Dr. Ümit Acar
Dr. Sevdan Yilmaz
Prof. Dr. Mohamed Shaban Hassaan
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • good aquaculture practices
  • plant extracts
  • fish welfare
  • blood parameters
  • morphological changes
  • fish disease control
  • sustainable plant source
  • feed quality

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 473 KiB  
Article
Effects of Tomato Paste By-Product Extract on Growth Performance and Blood Parameters in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
by Osman Sabri Kesbiç, Ümit Acar, Mohamed Shaban Hassaan, Sevdan Yılmaz, Maria Cristina Guerrera and Francesco Fazio
Animals 2022, 12(23), 3387; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233387 - 1 Dec 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2058
Abstract
This research examined different growth performances and blood parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) consuming diets supplemented with tomato paste by-product extract (TPE). Five diets with different concentrations of TPEs, 0% (TPE0) 0.5% (TPE0.5), 1% (TPE1), 2% (TPE2), and 5% (TPE5) [...] Read more.
This research examined different growth performances and blood parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) consuming diets supplemented with tomato paste by-product extract (TPE). Five diets with different concentrations of TPEs, 0% (TPE0) 0.5% (TPE0.5), 1% (TPE1), 2% (TPE2), and 5% (TPE5) were supplied to 300 common carp (8.38 ± 0.18 g) (60 fish per group) each day during the 60-day feeding trial. The relative and specific growth rates of fish-fed supplemental diets increased significantly, while the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased (p < 0.05). TPE considerably increased the erythrocyte count (RBC), hemoglobin content (Hb), and hematocrit (Hct) (p < 0.05), according to hematological analyses of blood samples collected after the feeding experiment. The blood biochemical findings indicate that using 1% or more extracts considerably reduced the serum glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride ratios while significantly increasing the total protein, albumin, and globulin ratios in common carp (p < 0.05). Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that the 2% extract generated from tomato paste by-products in common carp diets could be utilized as a growth-promoting product without any negative effects on blood parameters linked to feeding in carp. Full article
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19 pages, 2225 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Interactive Effects of Thymol and Thymoquinone: Moving towards an Enhanced Performance, Gross Margin, Immunity and Aeromonas sobria Resistance of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
by Doaa Ibrahim, Sara E. Shahin, Leena S. Alqahtani, Zeinab Hassan, Fayez Althobaiti, Sarah Albogami, Mohamed Mohamed Soliman, Rania M. S. El-Malt, Helal F. Al-Harthi, Nada Alqadri, Mohamed Tharwat Elabbasy and Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid
Animals 2022, 12(21), 3034; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12213034 - 4 Nov 2022
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 2448
Abstract
Plant-derived bioactive compounds with promising nutritional and therapeutic attributes (phytogenics) are among the top priorities in the aquaculture sector. Therefore, the impact of thymol (Thy) and/or thymoquinone (ThQ) on the growth, immune response antioxidant capacity, and Aeromonas sobria (A. sobria) resistance [...] Read more.
Plant-derived bioactive compounds with promising nutritional and therapeutic attributes (phytogenics) are among the top priorities in the aquaculture sector. Therefore, the impact of thymol (Thy) and/or thymoquinone (ThQ) on the growth, immune response antioxidant capacity, and Aeromonas sobria (A. sobria) resistance of Nile tilapia was investigated. Four fish groups were fed a control diet and three basal diets supplemented with 200 mg/kg diet of Thy or ThQ and a blend of both Thy and ThQ at a level of 200 mg/kg diet each. At the end of the feeding trial (12 weeks), the tilapias were challenged intraperitoneally with virulent A. sobria (2.5 × 108 CFU/mL) harboring aerolysin (aero) and hemolysin (hly) genes. The results revealed that tilapias fed diets fortified with a combination of Thy and ThQ displayed significantly enhanced growth rate and feed conversion ratio. Notably, the expression of the genes encoding digestive enzymes (pepsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, α-amylase and lipase) and muscle and intestinal antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase) was significantly upregulated in Thy/ThQ-fed fish. An excessive inflammatory response was subsided more prominently in the group administrated Thy/ThQ as supported by the downregulation of il-β, il-6 and il-8 genes and in contrast, the upregulation of the anti-inflammatory il-10 gene. Remarkably, dietary inclusion of Thy/ThQ augmented the expression of autophagy-related genes, whilst it downregulated that of mtor gene improving the autophagy process. Furthermore, Thy/ThQ protective effect against A. sobria was evidenced via downregulating the expression of its aero and hly virulence genes with higher fish survival rates. Overall, the current study encouraged the inclusion of Thy/ThQ in fish diets to boost their growth rates, promote digestive and antioxidant genes expression, improve their immune responses and provide defense against A. sorbia infections with great economic benefits. Full article
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13 pages, 1553 KiB  
Article
Anthelmintic Efficacy of Palmarosa Oil and Curcuma Oil against the Fish Ectoparasite Gyrodactylus kobayashii (monogenean)
by Shun Zhou, Qiuhong Yang, Jing Dong, Yongtao Liu, Ning Xu, Yibin Yang and Xiaohui Ai
Animals 2022, 12(13), 1685; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12131685 - 30 Jun 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2259
Abstract
Monogeneans are a serious threat to the development of aquaculture due to the severe economic losses they cause. The prevention and treatment of this disease are increasingly difficult because of the environmental and health concerns caused by the use of chemical anthelmintics and [...] Read more.
Monogeneans are a serious threat to the development of aquaculture due to the severe economic losses they cause. The prevention and treatment of this disease are increasingly difficult because of the environmental and health concerns caused by the use of chemical anthelmintics and the emergence of drug resistance. It is thus necessary to search for effective alternatives for the treatment of monogenean infections. In the current study, anthelmintic efficacy of 16 selected essential oils (EOs) was investigated using the goldfish (Carassius auratus)–Gyrodactylus kobayashii model. The screening experiment indicated that palmarosa oil and curcuma oil had satisfactory anthelmintic activity against G. kobayashii with EC100 values of 10 and 12 mg/L after 24-h exposure, respectively. The in vivo and in vitro assays indicated anthelmintic efficacy of palmarosa oil against G. kobayashii was in a time and dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, curcuma oil showed an anesthetic effect on G. kobayashii, and its anthelmintic activity was dose-dependent rather than time-dependent in the concentration range tested in this study. Additionally, the 24-h LC50 (50% lethal concentration) against goldfish of these two EOs was 8.19-fold and 5.54-fold higher than their corresponding EC50 (50% effective concentration) against G. kobayashii, respectively. Moreover, exposure to these two EOs at 100% effective concentration against G. kobayashii had no serious physiological and histopathological influence on goldfish. These results demonstrated a high safety for goldfish of these two EOs. Overall, palmarosa oil and curcuma oil could be potential candidates for the treatment of G. kobayashii infections in aquaculture. Full article
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