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Biosensors
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Advanced Microfluidic Devices and Lab-on-Chip (Bio)sensors
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Advanced Microfluidic Devices and Lab-on-Chip (Bio)sensors

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensor and Bioelectronic Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 March 2025 | Viewed by 10513

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Pablo Giménez-Gómez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Frescativägen, 114 19 Stockholm, Sweden
Interests: lab-on-a-chip system; optical and electrochemical sensors; microfluidics; detection of food/beverage industry; environmental control; clinical diagnostics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Roberto Pilloton

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Salaria Km 29.3, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
Interests: electrochemistry; environmental analytical chemistry; biosensors; sensors and sensing; continuous flow monitoring; immobilization techniques; enzyme inhibitors; lab on a chip; nanostructured electrodes; screen-printed electrodes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The use of miniaturized systems confers numerous advantages for monitoring in clinical diagnostics, environmental control, food industry control, and others. This Special Issue will showcase recent advances in microfluidics and lab-on-chip sensing devices for precise processing and analytical detection.

Researchers working in novel microfluidics and/or integrated sensing transducers are welcome to submit original work and reviews that focus on topics including, but not limited to, the following: manufacturing of microfluidics and lab-on-chip; application of (bio)sensing integrated systems; miniaturized (electro)chemical sensors; optical and gas sensors; capacitive sensors; electrochemical sensors; FET sensors; radio frequency sensors; electronic miniaturization for sensing control; miniaturized mechanical sensors; point-of-care devices; point-of-need devices; organ-on-chip; nano-technology; paper-based devices; etc.

Dr. Pablo Giménez-Gómez
Dr. Roberto Pilloton
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microfluidics
  • lab-on-chip
  • (bio)sensing
  • integrated systems
  • point-of-care
  • point-of-need

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 3413 KiB  
Article
A Miniature Modular Fluorescence Flow Cytometry System
by Shaoqi Huang, Jiale Li, Li Wei, Lulu Zheng, Zheng Shi, Shiwei Guo, Bo Dai, Dawei Zhang and Songlin Zhuang
Biosensors 2024, 14(8), 395; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14080395 - 16 Aug 2024
Viewed by 930
Abstract
Fluorescence flow cytometry is a powerful instrument to distinguish cells or particles labelled with high-specificity fluorophores. However, traditional flow cytometry is complex, bulky, and inconvenient for users to adjust fluorescence channels. In this paper, we present a modular fluorescence flow cytometry (M-FCM) system [...] Read more.
Fluorescence flow cytometry is a powerful instrument to distinguish cells or particles labelled with high-specificity fluorophores. However, traditional flow cytometry is complex, bulky, and inconvenient for users to adjust fluorescence channels. In this paper, we present a modular fluorescence flow cytometry (M-FCM) system in which fluorescence channels can be flexibly arranged. Modules for particle focusing and fluorescence detection were developed. After hydrodynamical focusing, the cells were measured in the detection modules, which were integrated with in situ illumination and fluorescence detection. The signal-to-noise ratio of the detection reached to 33.2 dB. The crosstalk among the fluorescence channels was eliminated. The M-FCM system was applied to evaluate cell viability in drug screening, agreeing well with the commercial cytometry. The modular cytometry presents several outstanding features: flexibility in setting fluorescence channels, cost efficiency, compact construction, ease of operation, and the potential to upgrade for multifunctional measurements. The modular cytometry provides a multifunctional platform for various biophysical measurements, e.g., electrical impedance and refractive-index detection. The proposed work paves an innovative avenue for the multivariate analysis of cellular characteristics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Microfluidic Devices and Lab-on-Chip (Bio)sensors)
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15 pages, 4370 KiB  
Article
Aptamer Based on Silver Nanoparticle-Modified Flexible Carbon Ink Printed Electrode for the Electrochemical Detection of Chikungunya Virus
by Pradakshina Sharma, Mohd. Rahil Hasan, Ubaid Mushtaq Naikoo, Shaheen Khatoon, Roberto Pilloton and Jagriti Narang
Biosensors 2024, 14(7), 344; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14070344 - 16 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1660
Abstract
Medical devices have progressed from their initial bulky forms to smart devices. However, their rigidity hampers their seamless integration into everyday life. The fields of stretchable, textile, and flexible electronics are emerging research areas with the potential to drive significant technological progress. This [...] Read more.
Medical devices have progressed from their initial bulky forms to smart devices. However, their rigidity hampers their seamless integration into everyday life. The fields of stretchable, textile, and flexible electronics are emerging research areas with the potential to drive significant technological progress. This research presents a laboratory-based technique to produce highly sensitive and flexible biosensors for detecting the chikungunya virus. These biosensors are based on 0D nanomaterials and demonstrate significant advancements in voltammetry. The electrochemical platform was created utilizing the stencil printing (StPE) technique. Adapting the biosensor setup involved the selection of aptamer as the biorecognition element bound with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). This biosensor was employed in the voltammetric identification of the Chikungunya virus antigen (CHIKV-Ag) within a solution containing 0.5 mM potassium ferro/ferri cyanide, a redox pair. The biosensor was employed to evaluate CHIKV-Ag within a human serum sample. It demonstrated a linear detection span ranging from 0.1 ng/mL to 1 μg/mL, with a detection limit of 0.1 ng/mL for CHIKV-Ag. The proposed approach, due to its flexibility in production and the electrocatalytic attributes displayed by the zero-dimensional nanostructure, presents innovative opportunities for cost-effective and tailored aptamer-based bioelectronics, thereby broadening the scope of this domain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Microfluidic Devices and Lab-on-Chip (Bio)sensors)
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18 pages, 10221 KiB  
Article
Development of a DC-Biased AC-Stimulated Microfluidic Device for the Electrokinetic Separation of Bacterial and Yeast Cells
by Nuzhet Nihaar Nasir Ahamed, Carlos A. Mendiola-Escobedo, Victor H. Perez-Gonzalez and Blanca H. Lapizco-Encinas
Biosensors 2024, 14(5), 237; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14050237 - 9 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1189
Abstract
Electrokinetic (EK) microsystems, which are capable of performing separations without the need for labeling analytes, are a rapidly growing area in microfluidics. The present work demonstrated three distinct binary microbial separations, computationally modeled and experimentally performed, in an insulator-based EK (iEK) system stimulated [...] Read more.
Electrokinetic (EK) microsystems, which are capable of performing separations without the need for labeling analytes, are a rapidly growing area in microfluidics. The present work demonstrated three distinct binary microbial separations, computationally modeled and experimentally performed, in an insulator-based EK (iEK) system stimulated by DC-biased AC potentials. The separations had an increasing order of difficulty. First, a separation between cells of two distinct domains (Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was demonstrated. The second separation was for cells from the same domain but different species (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus). The last separation included cells from two closely related microbial strains of the same domain and the same species (two distinct S. cerevisiae strains). For each separation, a novel computational model, employing a continuous spatial and temporal function for predicting the particle velocity, was used to predict the retention time (tR,p) of each cell type, which aided the experimentation. All three cases resulted in separation resolution values Rs>1.5, indicating complete separation between the two cell species, with good reproducibility between the experimental repetitions (deviations < 6%) and good agreement (deviations < 18%) between the predicted tR,p and experimental (tR,e) retention time values. This study demonstrated the potential of DC-biased AC iEK systems for performing challenging microbial separations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Microfluidic Devices and Lab-on-Chip (Bio)sensors)
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13 pages, 1476 KiB  
Article
Switching Separation Migration Order by Switching Electrokinetic Regime in Electrokinetic Microsystems
by Alaleh Vaghef-Koodehi and Blanca H. Lapizco-Encinas
Biosensors 2024, 14(3), 119; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14030119 - 22 Feb 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1385
Abstract
Analyte migration order is a major aspect in all migration-based analytical separations methods. Presented here is the manipulation of the migration order of microparticles in an insulator-based electrokinetic separation. Three distinct particle mixtures were studied: a binary mixture of particles with similar electrical [...] Read more.
Analyte migration order is a major aspect in all migration-based analytical separations methods. Presented here is the manipulation of the migration order of microparticles in an insulator-based electrokinetic separation. Three distinct particle mixtures were studied: a binary mixture of particles with similar electrical charge and different sizes, and two tertiary mixtures of particles of distinct sizes. Each one of the particle mixtures was separated twice, the first separation was performed under low voltage (linear electrokinetic regime) and the second separation was performed under high voltage (nonlinear electrokinetic regime). Linear electrophoresis, which discriminates particles by charge, is the dominant electrokinetic effect in the linear regime; while nonlinear electrophoresis, which discriminates particles by size and shape, is the dominant electrokinetic effect in the nonlinear regime. The separation results obtained with the three particle mixtures illustrated that particle elution order can be changed by switching from the linear electrokinetic regime to the nonlinear electrokinetic regime. Also, in all cases, better separation performances in terms of separation resolution (Rs) were obtained by employing the nonlinear electrokinetic regime allowing nonlinear electrophoresis to be the discriminatory electrokinetic mechanism. These findings could be applied to analyze complex samples containing bioparticles of interest within the micron size range. This is the first report where particle elution order is altered in an iEK system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Microfluidic Devices and Lab-on-Chip (Bio)sensors)
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Review

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24 pages, 5732 KiB  
Review
Microfluidics in High-Throughput Drug Screening: Organ-on-a-Chip and C. elegans-Based Innovations
by Sunhee Yoon, Dilara Kilicarslan You, Uiechan Jeong, Mina Lee, Eunhye Kim, Tae-Joon Jeon and Sun Min Kim
Biosensors 2024, 14(1), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14010055 - 21 Jan 2024
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4795
Abstract
The development of therapeutic interventions for diseases necessitates a crucial step known as drug screening, wherein potential substances with medicinal properties are rigorously evaluated. This process has undergone a transformative evolution, driven by the imperative need for more efficient, rapid, and high-throughput screening [...] Read more.
The development of therapeutic interventions for diseases necessitates a crucial step known as drug screening, wherein potential substances with medicinal properties are rigorously evaluated. This process has undergone a transformative evolution, driven by the imperative need for more efficient, rapid, and high-throughput screening platforms. Among these, microfluidic systems have emerged as the epitome of efficiency, enabling the screening of drug candidates with unprecedented speed and minimal sample consumption. This review paper explores the cutting-edge landscape of microfluidic-based drug screening platforms, with a specific emphasis on two pioneering approaches: organ-on-a-chip and C. elegans-based chips. Organ-on-a-chip technology harnesses human-derived cells to recreate the physiological functions of human organs, offering an invaluable tool for assessing drug efficacy and toxicity. In parallel, C. elegans-based chips, boasting up to 60% genetic homology with humans and a remarkable affinity for microfluidic systems, have proven to be robust models for drug screening. Our comprehensive review endeavors to provide readers with a profound understanding of the fundamental principles, advantages, and challenges associated with these innovative drug screening platforms. We delve into the latest breakthroughs and practical applications in this burgeoning field, illuminating the pivotal role these platforms play in expediting drug discovery and development. Furthermore, we engage in a forward-looking discussion to delineate the future directions and untapped potential inherent in these transformative technologies. Through this review, we aim to contribute to the collective knowledge base in the realm of drug screening, providing valuable insights to researchers, clinicians, and stakeholders alike. We invite readers to embark on a journey into the realm of microfluidic-based drug screening platforms, fostering a deeper appreciation for their significance and promising avenues yet to be explored. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Microfluidic Devices and Lab-on-Chip (Bio)sensors)
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