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Buildings
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Computational Models for Dynamic Analyses of Buildings and Structures
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Computational Models for Dynamic Analyses of Buildings and Structures

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Building Structures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 15828

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Annalisa Greco

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Interests: static and dynamic behavior of curved beams; static and dynamic damage identification in structures; limit analysis of frame structures; dynamic behavior of multistorey frames by means of beam-like modeling; seismic vulnerability assessment of frame structures
Prof. Dr. Salvatore Caddemi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Interests: seismic vulnerability assessment of structures; seismic retrofitting of existing buildings; seismic isolation of structures and art objects; computational modeling for masonry structures; computational modeling for reinforced concrete structures; analysis of structures with discontinuities
Prof. Dr. Ivo Caliò

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Interests: analysis of structures with discontinuities; static and dynamic damage identification; unreinforced and reinforced masonry structures; seismic vulnerability assessment of structures

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The analysis of the dynamic behavior of buildings and structures has had notable development in recent decades thanks to the ever-increasing effectiveness of modeling and calculation tools. The availability of a reliable computational model, either accurate or simplified, is, without doubt, one of the most crucial needs for a structural engineer. One of the most studied problems in structural engineering concerns the estimation of the seismic vulnerability of existing buildings, many of which were built in the absence of specific technical regulations. The reliability of this estimate is closely linked to the correct modeling of the building in question concerning both structural and non-structural elements. Another fundamental aspect in structural engineering concerns the assessment of the state of health of the structure by specific static or dynamic tests that make it possible to identify the presence of structural damage to promptly repair them.

This Special Issue will collect innovative contributions dedicated to computational modeling, either accurate or simplified, for dynamic analyses of both masonry and reinforced concrete buildings and we hope you will join this initiative and share your recent results.

Dr. Annalisa Greco
Prof. Dr. Salvatore Caddemi
Prof. Dr. Ivo Caliò
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Buildings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • structural modeling
  • dynamic response
  • damage identification
  • seismic vulnerability
  • masonry buildings
  • reinforced concrete buildings
  • seismic retrofitting

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 9572 KiB  
Article
The Use of SMAV Model for Computing Fragility Curves
by Vitantonio Vacca, Giuseppe Occhipinti, Federico Mori and Daniele Spina
Buildings 2022, 12(8), 1213; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081213 - 11 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4322
Abstract
Among the buildings with strategic role for civil protection purposes part of them were built before the introduction of modern seismic codes. Aiming to guarantee their operability in case of seismic events, they have to be assessed and, hopefully, seismically upgraded. This aspect [...] Read more.
Among the buildings with strategic role for civil protection purposes part of them were built before the introduction of modern seismic codes. Aiming to guarantee their operability in case of seismic events, they have to be assessed and, hopefully, seismically upgraded. This aspect arises the necessity of reliable low computational demanding numerical models and probabilistic strategies that can be easily adopted in case of the assessment of conspicuous building stock. Part of the authors proposed and validated, in previous works, a low-demanding seismic model calibrated on ambient vibrations (SMAV) that is engaged in this paper for calculating fragility curves. On the base of dynamic and geometric properties, the SMAV model simulates the dynamic response of buildings. The herein proposed procedure adopts the SMAV model and takes into account the direction of seismic input in a probabilistic manner. The use of the ASI scale as an Intensity Measure parameter is discussed and the results are compared to those obtained with others IM scales. Although SMAV implements an equivalent linear procedure the results are compared with those obtained by more sophisticated FEM models and nonlinear dynamic analyses with a satisfactory agreement. Finally, two real case studies are presented. The fragility curves for both the case studies are calculated and discussed. The results encourage the authors to the use of fragility curves based on SMAV model. Additionally, the fragility curves can be easily implemented in seismic risk assessment procedures at urban or territorial scale and, consequently, the proposed procedure may represent a key aspect in the reduction of seismic risk and rationalization of investments for the seismic upgrading of strategic buildings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Models for Dynamic Analyses of Buildings and Structures)
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17 pages, 1953 KiB  
Article
An Innovative Structural Dynamic Identification Procedure Combining Time Domain OMA Technique and GA
by Salvatore Russotto, Alberto Di Matteo and Antonina Pirrotta
Buildings 2022, 12(7), 963; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12070963 - 6 Jul 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1676
Abstract
In this paper an innovative and simple Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) method for structural dynamic identification is proposed. It combines the recently introduced Time Domain–Analytical Signal Method (TD–ASM) with the Genetic Algorithm (GA). Specifically, TD–ASM is firstly employed to estimate a subspace of [...] Read more.
In this paper an innovative and simple Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) method for structural dynamic identification is proposed. It combines the recently introduced Time Domain–Analytical Signal Method (TD–ASM) with the Genetic Algorithm (GA). Specifically, TD–ASM is firstly employed to estimate a subspace of candidate modal parameters, and then the GA is used to identify the structural parameters minimizing the fitness value returned by an appropriately introduced objective function. Notably, this method can be used to estimate structural parameters even for high damping ratios, and it also allows one to identify the Power Spectral Density (PSD) of the structural excitation. The reliability of the proposed method is proved through several numerical applications on two different Multi Degree of Freedom (MDoF) systems, also considering comparisons with other OMA methods. The results obtained in terms of modal parameters identification, Frequency Response Functions (FRFs) matrix estimation, and structural response prediction show the reliability of the proposed procedure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Models for Dynamic Analyses of Buildings and Structures)
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25 pages, 7077 KiB  
Article
Shaking Table Seismic Experimental Investigation of Lightweight Rigid Bodies
by Giuseppe Cocuzza Avellino, Francesco Cannizzaro and Nicola Impollonia
Buildings 2022, 12(7), 915; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12070915 - 28 Jun 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1761
Abstract
This study presents the findings of an extensive shaking table experimental campaign conducted on nine free-standing wooden specimens, aiming at providing insights on the rigid body motion of free-standing objects. The specimens, which differ in slenderness and size, are characterized by impairments in [...] Read more.
This study presents the findings of an extensive shaking table experimental campaign conducted on nine free-standing wooden specimens, aiming at providing insights on the rigid body motion of free-standing objects. The specimens, which differ in slenderness and size, are characterized by impairments in their base surface and most likely in their shapes, which also lead to asymmetric responses. The imperfections of the tested objects are an additional source of uncertainty with respect to the intrinsic chaotic character of the rigid body motion, which is a crucial factor that prevents the reproducibility of the tests and induces discrepancies between specimen responses and those of their ideal models. A contactless measurement strategy is employed to assure unaltered data acquisition. The experimental campaign includes free vibration tests, pulse excitation, and natural ground motions tests; the dynamic responses of the specimens are organized and rearranged, aiming at providing a comprehensive set of data that could be employed for calibrating numerical models accounting for imperfect conditions. The damping properties of the specimens are discussed, providing a novel estimation of the coefficient of restitution based on the free vibration tests. The limits of the ideal simple rigid model are highlighted, and the roles of size factor and aspect ratio are discussed according to the obtained results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Models for Dynamic Analyses of Buildings and Structures)
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22 pages, 54040 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Recorded Response of a School Building Heavily Damaged by the 2016 Central Italy Earthquake
by Adriano De Sortis, Fabrizio Vestroni, Sara Marchesini and Mario Nicoletti
Buildings 2022, 12(7), 907; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12070907 - 27 Jun 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2537
Abstract
The OSS (acronym of the Italian “Osservatorio Sismico delle Strutture”) is a network of permanent seismic monitoring systems installed on about 150 buildings in Italy. Each system consists of a number of sensors sufficient to completely describe the dynamic response of the structure. [...] Read more.
The OSS (acronym of the Italian “Osservatorio Sismico delle Strutture”) is a network of permanent seismic monitoring systems installed on about 150 buildings in Italy. Each system consists of a number of sensors sufficient to completely describe the dynamic response of the structure. Structural typologies have been selected according to their representativeness of the public building stock and to their importance for emergency management. Data available for each building include: structural survey and in situ tests on materials, experimental modal analysis, finite element models and model updating. In the above framework, a school building located in Amatrice, a small town in the meizoseismal area heavily impacted by the 2016 Central Italy earthquake, is one of the buildings instrumented by the OSS; thus, its monitored dynamic response, including that under the main shock, is available. The building showed diffused huge damage with partial collapses. Firstly, a linear finite element model is used in the interpretation of small amplitude vibrations in order to give a reliable dynamic characterization of the initial conditions of the structure. Some relevant quantities of the recorded structural motion under seismic excitation are used to describe the experimental dynamic behaviour. The recorded displacements are then applied to a nonlinear finite element model, and the numerical results are compared with the experimental evidence. The main aim is to discuss the capability of the combined use of experimental response and computational tools in quantifying damage suffered by a structure on the basis of the measured response to an earthquake. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Models for Dynamic Analyses of Buildings and Structures)
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17 pages, 7679 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Testing in Support of the Seismic Assessment of a Century Old Masonry Building Complex
by Michele Dilena, Marta Fedele Dell’Oste, Alessandra Gubana, Antonino Morassi and Eric Puntel
Buildings 2022, 12(6), 805; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12060805 - 11 Jun 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2119
Abstract
The vulnerability assessment of existing masonry buildings is a largely investigated research topic with some aspects still to be faced. In historic towns, masonry buildings are aggregated and together confined, and their final appearance is derived from interventions and additions during their lives [...] Read more.
The vulnerability assessment of existing masonry buildings is a largely investigated research topic with some aspects still to be faced. In historic towns, masonry buildings are aggregated and together confined, and their final appearance is derived from interventions and additions during their lives in different times and with different masonry textures or different construction materials. Demolitions and reconstructions of some parts were frequent, with the difficulty of now understanding the effectiveness of the mutual constraints. The seismic assessment of a case study of a 175-year-old building complex in Udine (Italy) provides an opportunity to use the results of ambient vibration tests to face the problem of modelling aggregate buildings for their seismic assessment. The “Padiglione Lodi” building complex was built in 1847 and extended and renovated several times afterwards. It was built mostly using URM with limited use of reinforced concrete. It consists of a main building and three wings (western, central and eastern). The inspections, experimental survey and analysis of the available documentation are used to suitably calibrate a Finite Element Model of the whole complex. Moreover, this allows the singling out of the central wing, as the unit needs more careful investigation. Non-destructive dynamic testing is then applied to the central wing in order to further validate the model and improve the knowledge of the interaction of the unit with the rest of the building. General remarks on the effective application of non-destructive dynamic analysis in conjunction with other methods to the seismic assessment of large URM building complexes are drawn. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Models for Dynamic Analyses of Buildings and Structures)
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Review

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20 pages, 2110 KiB  
Review
A Review of Simplified Numerical Beam-like Models of Multi-Storey Framed Buildings
by Annalisa Greco, Salvatore Caddemi, Ivo Caliò and Ilaria Fiore
Buildings 2022, 12(9), 1397; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091397 - 6 Sep 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2493
Abstract
Modern computational techniques have greatly influenced the numerical analyses of structures, not only in terms of calculation speed, but also in terms of procedural approach. In particular, great importance has been given to structural modelling, that is, the process by which a structure [...] Read more.
Modern computational techniques have greatly influenced the numerical analyses of structures, not only in terms of calculation speed, but also in terms of procedural approach. In particular, great importance has been given to structural modelling, that is, the process by which a structure and the actions to which it is subjected are reduced to a simplified scheme. The use of a simplified calculation scheme is necessary since the structures are, in general, considerably complex physical systems whose behaviour is influenced by a large number of variables. The definition of a structural scheme that is at the same time simple enough to be easily computable as well as sufficiently reliable in reproducing the main characteristics of the behaviour of the analysed structure is, therefore, a crucial task. In particular, with reference to multi-storey framed buildings, the extensive use of three-dimensional finite element models (FEM) has been made in recent decades by researchers and structural engineers. However, an interesting and alternative research field concerns the possibility of studying multi-storey buildings through the use of equivalent beam-like models in which the number of degrees of freedom and the required computational effort are reduced with respect to more demanding FEM models. Several researchers have proposed single or coupled continuous beams to simulate either the static or dynamic response of multi-storey buildings assuming elastic or inelastic behaviour of the constitutive material. In this paper, a review of several scientific papers proposing elastic or inelastic beam-like models for the structural analyses of framed multi-storey buildings is presented. Considerations about limits and potentialities of these models are also included. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Models for Dynamic Analyses of Buildings and Structures)
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