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Advanced Researches on Functional Lipids
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Advanced Researches on Functional Lipids

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutraceuticals, Functional Foods, and Novel Foods".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (22 November 2023) | Viewed by 16705

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Fang Wei

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
Interests: lipidomic profiling methods and applications; lipid quality evaluation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Mingming Zheng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
Interests: lipid enzymatic preparation; bio-refining of lipids; lipid structure–activity relationship; enzymatic synthesis of structured lipids
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lipids are one of the three macronutrients needed by the body and are naturally found in many biological resources consumed as agro-foods or added as ingredients in processed foods. Lipids and their derivatives exert indispensable functionalities in maintaining a desirable color, flavor, texture, and nutritional quality of food. The roles of lipids in organisms include energy storage, the formation of cellular membranes, signal transduction, endocrine regulation, and inflammation. Therefore, the composition, structure, and state of lipids not only determine the quality and safety of food but also are closely related to their biological functions and nutritional quality. However, there are some problems existing in natural lipids such as their single structural composition, simple physicochemical properties, and low nutritional value. The molecular modification of lipids is an ideal approach to improve the physicochemical properties, expand the application scope, and enhance their functional activity including regulating blood lipids, preventing atherosclerosis, and improving memory and anti-inflammation. This Special Issue will focus on the advances and trends in advanced research on functional lipids.

Prof. Dr. Fang Wei
Prof. Dr. Mingming Zheng
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Foods is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lipid discovery
  • lipid function
  • lipid analysis
  • lipid nutrition
  • lipid preparation
  • lipidomics
  • molecular modification
  • structure-activity relationship

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2468 KiB  
Article
Study on the Frying Performance Evaluation of Refined Soybean Oil after PLC Enzymatic Degumming
by Wenting Zhou, Yuxin Peng, Zongyuan Wu, Weinong Zhang and Yanxia Cong
Foods 2024, 13(2), 275; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13020275 - 16 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1470
Abstract
It is known that phospholipase C (PLC) enzymatic degumming can hydrolyze phospholipids into diacylglycerol (DAG), which improves the efficiency of oil processing. However, it is unclear whether the presence of DAG and the use of enzymes affect the performance of the oil. This [...] Read more.
It is known that phospholipase C (PLC) enzymatic degumming can hydrolyze phospholipids into diacylglycerol (DAG), which improves the efficiency of oil processing. However, it is unclear whether the presence of DAG and the use of enzymes affect the performance of the oil. This paper evaluated the frying performance of PLC-degummed refined soybean oil. Following the chicken wings and potato chips frying trials, results revealed that after 30 cycles of frying, free fatty acid (FFA) levels were 0.22% and 0.21%, with total polar compounds (TPC) at 23.75% and 24.00%, and peroxide value (PV) levels were 5.90 meq/kg and 6.45 meq/kg, respectively. Overall, PLC-degummed refined soybean oil showed almost the same frying properties as traditional water-degummed refined oil in terms of FFA, PV, TPC, polymer content, viscosity, color, foaming of frying oils, and appearance of foods. Moreover, FFA, TPC, polymer content, foaming, and color showed significant positive correlations with each other (p < 0.05) in soybean oil intermittent frying processing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Researches on Functional Lipids)
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14 pages, 3798 KiB  
Article
Effects of High-Canolol Phenolic Extracts on Fragrant Rapeseed Oil Quality and Flavor Compounds during Frying
by Lili Cao, Pengpeng Jia, Haotian Liu, Shengmei Kang, Shaotong Jiang and Min Pang
Foods 2023, 12(4), 827; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12040827 - 15 Feb 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1755
Abstract
Fragrant rapeseed oil (FRO) is a frying oil widely loved by consumers, but its quality deteriorates with increasing frying time. In this study, the effect of high-canolol phenolic extracts (HCP) on the physicochemical properties and flavor of FRO during frying was investigated. During [...] Read more.
Fragrant rapeseed oil (FRO) is a frying oil widely loved by consumers, but its quality deteriorates with increasing frying time. In this study, the effect of high-canolol phenolic extracts (HCP) on the physicochemical properties and flavor of FRO during frying was investigated. During frying, HCP significantly inhibited the increase in peroxide, acid, p-anisidine, and carbonyl values, as well as total polar compounds and degradation of unsaturated fatty acids. A total of 16 volatile flavor compounds that significantly contributed to the overall flavor of FRO were identified. HCP was effective in reducing the generation of off-flavors (hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, etc.) and increased the level of pleasant deep-fried flavors (such as (E,E)-2,4-decadienal). Therefore, the application of HCP has a positive effect on protecting the quality and prolonging the usability of FRO. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Researches on Functional Lipids)
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14 pages, 4409 KiB  
Article
Effect of Variety and Maturity Index on the Physicochemical Parameters Related to Virgin Olive Oil from Wudu (China)
by Fengxia Tang, Chuan Li, Xiaoran Yang, Jiandu Lei, Hongxia Chen, Changwei Zhang and Chengzhang Wang
Foods 2023, 12(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12010007 - 20 Dec 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 5930
Abstract
Physical parameters (i.e., extraction yield, oil content), chemicals (i.e., fatty acids, phenolics) and oxidative stability associated with virgin olive oil (VOO) from ten varieties in Wudu, China, were analyzed as a function of maturity index and variety by multivariate analysis models. Most of [...] Read more.
Physical parameters (i.e., extraction yield, oil content), chemicals (i.e., fatty acids, phenolics) and oxidative stability associated with virgin olive oil (VOO) from ten varieties in Wudu, China, were analyzed as a function of maturity index and variety by multivariate analysis models. Most of the analytical parameters were significantly affected by the variety and maturity index, and the former was more influential than the latter. Phenolics were the principal factor dividing the ten varieties into four groups. High phenolic levels were observed in the ‘Koroneiki’ group and ‘Manzanilla’ group, but the oil extractability index differentiated between them, being the highest and lowest, respectively. The ‘Koroneiki’ group demonstrated high oil productivity and oil quality, which was worthy of promotion in large-scale cultivation. High amounts of linoleic enhanced the VOO health benefits of ‘Ascolana tenera, Arbequina and Zhongshan24’ group, but brought the risk of shortening the shelf-life. The ‘Ulliri Bardhe, Empeltre, Ezhi8, Yuntai14 and Picual’ group clustered for the higher relative value of oleic acid. The maturity index had significant negative effects on the content of total phenolics, oleacein, oleocanthal, and oleic acid, but had a positive effect on the extractability index, which suggested that varieties with low phenolics and oleic acid levels should be harvested early. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Researches on Functional Lipids)
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14 pages, 3042 KiB  
Article
Gastrointestinal Digestion and Microbial Hydrolysis of Alkyl Gallates: Potential Sustained Release of Gallic Acid
by Xinmiao Wang, Qian Wang, Yuanyuan Hu, Fawen Yin, Xiaoyang Liu and Dayong Zhou
Foods 2022, 11(23), 3936; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11233936 - 6 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1956
Abstract
Phenolipids such as alkyl gallates (A-GAs) have been approved by the food industry as non-toxic antioxidant additives, which are also regarded as an emerging source of functional food ingredients. However, comprehensive understanding of their digestive absorption is needed. Thus, the models of live [...] Read more.
Phenolipids such as alkyl gallates (A-GAs) have been approved by the food industry as non-toxic antioxidant additives, which are also regarded as an emerging source of functional food ingredients. However, comprehensive understanding of their digestive absorption is needed. Thus, the models of live mice and anaerobic fermentation were used to clarify the distribution and microbial hydrolysis characteristics of A-GAs in the gastrointestinal tract. HPLC-UV results demonstrated that A-GAs could be hydrolyzed by intestinal lipases and gut microorganisms including Lactobacillus to produce free gallic acid (GA). Through regulating the chain length of the lipid part in A-GAs, the sustained and controllable release of the GA can be easily achieved. Furthermore, A-GAs were also able to reach the colon and the cecum, which would lead to potential gastrointestinal protective effects. Therefore, A-GAs may be applied as possible ingredient for functional foods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Researches on Functional Lipids)
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20 pages, 4419 KiB  
Article
Comparative Lipidomics Profiling of Acylglycerol from Tuna Oil Selectively Hydrolyzed by Thermomyces Lanuginosus Lipase and Candida Antarctica Lipase A
by Junyong Xuan, Zefu Wang, Qiuyu Xia, Tingyu Luo, Qingya Mao, Qinxiu Sun, Zongyuan Han, Yang Liu, Shuai Wei and Shucheng Liu
Foods 2022, 11(22), 3664; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11223664 - 16 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2047
Abstract
Lipase hydrolysis is an effective method to develop different functional types of lipids. In this study, tuna oil was partially hydrolyzed at 30% and 60% by Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TL 100 L) and Candida Antarctica lipase A (ADL), respectively, to obtain lipid-modified acylglycerols. [...] Read more.
Lipase hydrolysis is an effective method to develop different functional types of lipids. In this study, tuna oil was partially hydrolyzed at 30% and 60% by Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TL 100 L) and Candida Antarctica lipase A (ADL), respectively, to obtain lipid-modified acylglycerols. The lipidomic profiling of the acylglycerols was investigated by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and GC–MS to clarify the lipid modification effect of these two lipases on tuna oil. The results showed that 247 kinds of acylglycerols and 23 kinds of fatty acids were identified in the five samples. In the ADL group, the content of triacylglycerols (TAG) and diacylglycerols (DAG) increased by 4.93% and 114.38%, respectively, with an increase in the hydrolysis degree (HD), while there was a decreasing trend in the TL 100 L group. TL 100 L had a better enrichment effect on DHA, while ADL was more inclined to enrich EPA and hydrolyze saturated fatty acids. Cluster analysis showed that the lipids obtained by the hydrolysis of TL 100 L and ADL were significantly different in the cluster analysis of TAG, DAG, and monoacylglycerols (MAG). TL 100 L has strong TAG selectivity and a strong ability to hydrolyze acylglycerols, while ADL has the potential to synthesize functional lipids containing omega-3 PUFAs, especially DAG. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Researches on Functional Lipids)
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18 pages, 4101 KiB  
Article
Simultaneous Analysis of Free/Combined Phytosterols in Rapeseed and Their Dynamic Changes during Microwave Pretreatment and Oil Processing
by Dong Li, Dan Wang, Huaming Xiao, Xin Lv, Chang Zheng, Changsheng Liu, Hong Chen and Fang Wei
Foods 2022, 11(20), 3219; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11203219 - 14 Oct 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2199
Abstract
Here, a simple, efficient, and rapid solid phase extraction-gas chromatography (SPE–GC) method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of free/combined phytosterols in rapeseed and their dynamic changes during microwave pretreatment and oil processing. First, by comparing different methods for extracting free/combined phytosterols from [...] Read more.
Here, a simple, efficient, and rapid solid phase extraction-gas chromatography (SPE–GC) method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of free/combined phytosterols in rapeseed and their dynamic changes during microwave pretreatment and oil processing. First, by comparing different methods for extracting free/combined phytosterols from rapeseed and rapeseed cake, the Folch method was considered to be the optimal method and was selected in subsequent experiments. Subsequently, the extraction method was validated by determining the recoveries of standards (brassinosterol, campesterol, β-sitosterol and cholesteryl oleate) spiked in rapeseed and rapeseed oil samples, and the recoveries were in the range from 82.7% to 104.5% and 83.8% to 116.3%, respectively. The established method was applied to study the dynamic changes of the form and content of phytosterols in rapeseed and its products (rapeseed oil and cake) during rapeseed microwave pretreatment and the oil production process. Additionally, the results showed that more than 55% of the free/combined phytosterols in rapeseed were transferred to rapeseed oil during the oil processing, and this proportion will increase after microwave pretreatment of rapeseed. This work will provide analytical methods and data support for a comprehensive understanding of phytosterols in rapeseed and its products during oil processing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Researches on Functional Lipids)
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