Functional Lipids and Nutrition

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2024) | Viewed by 4656

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Graduate School of Global Food Resources, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Sapporo 0600809, Japan
Interests: lipids; food analysis; analytical chemistry; liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry; lipidomics
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Guest Editor
Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Sapporo 0600812, Japan
Interests: lipid hydroperoxides; food chemistry; clinical chemistry; plasmalogens

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Functional foods have been widely investigated for their bioactive components, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, minerals, proteins, and antioxidants, using various analytical techniques. However, research data on the functional lipids present in food are sparse. In recent years, the investigation of lipid nutrients and their health impacts has been tremendously increasing by developing new areas, including Foodomics, through the efforts of many researchers. Therefore, the aim of this Special Issue is to provide a broader perspective of the latest advances in the source, detection, and function of lipids in health and nutrition management. In this Special Issue, we welcome submissions from potential topics including, but not limited to, the following: lipid analysis, lipidomics, metabolomics, lipid chemistry, methodological advances in lipid determination, food and nutrition, clinical trials on functional lipids, the isolation and characterization of lipids, and in vitro/in vivo studies involving functional lipids. Subjects from fundamental research to applied research can be covered.

We welcome both comprehensive review articles and original research on any of the proposed topics.

Dr. Siddabasave Gowda B. Gowda
Prof. Dr. Shu-Ping Hui
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • lipids
  • chromatography
  • mass spectrometry
  • functional foods
  • metabolomics
  • foodomics
  • nutrient analysis
  • food bioactives
  • dietary supplements
  • food composition analysis
  • bioactivities of functional food

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 4316 KiB  
Article
Macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) Oil Prevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Lipid Accumulation and Oxidative Stress by Activating the AMPK/Nrf2 Pathway
by Ming Zhang, Yuhan Zhang, Lingdong Li, Changbin Wei, Taotao Dai, Ya Li, Xixiang Shuai and Liqing Du
Foods 2024, 13(22), 3672; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13223672 - 18 Nov 2024
Viewed by 564
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia, characterized by an abnormal lipid metabolism, is related to multiple cardiovascular diseases that pose challenges to global public health. Macadamia oil (MO), rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (around 80%), is regarded as a functional oil used to regulate lipid accumulation. Nonetheless, the [...] Read more.
Hyperlipidemia, characterized by an abnormal lipid metabolism, is related to multiple cardiovascular diseases that pose challenges to global public health. Macadamia oil (MO), rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (around 80%), is regarded as a functional oil used to regulate lipid accumulation. Nonetheless, the lipid-lowering mechanism of MO is still unknown. Therefore, the lipid-lowering effects of MO in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemic mice were evaluated in this study. The results revealed that MO could effectively reduce body weight and the organ index and improve serum lipid levels by reducing total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and elevating high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Additionally, MO supplementation could improve abnormal liver function caused by hyperlipemia, characterized by decreased liver enzyme levels, including alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Meanwhile, MO also exhibited an inhibitory effect on oxidative stress and lipid accumulation caused by an HFD. Moreover, findings from qRT-PCR and Western blotting analyses suggest that MO supplementation markedly prevented hyperlipidemia by inhibiting the expression of AMPK pathway-related genes, SREBP-1c, FAS, ACC, and PPAR-γ, as well as upregulating the levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and γ-GCS. These results indicate that MO attenuates lipid accumulation in vivo via AMPK/Nrf2 pathway activation, suggesting that MO could serve as a dietary supplementation or medication for treating hyperlipidemia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Lipids and Nutrition)
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14 pages, 3805 KiB  
Article
Exploration of New Lipid Nutrients and Their Characterization in Herbal Teas Using Non-Targeted Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
by Md Abdul Malek, Siddabasave Gowda B. Gowda, Rachana M. Gangadhara, Divyavani Gowda and Shu-Ping Hui
Foods 2024, 13(12), 1877; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13121877 - 14 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1317
Abstract
Herbal teas are blends of leaves, seeds, fruits, and flowers from various plants that provide relaxation, anti-inflammatory benefits, and immune system support for conditions such as diabetes and asthma. Despite their health benefits, comprehensive lipidomic data on herbal teas are limited in the [...] Read more.
Herbal teas are blends of leaves, seeds, fruits, and flowers from various plants that provide relaxation, anti-inflammatory benefits, and immune system support for conditions such as diabetes and asthma. Despite their health benefits, comprehensive lipidomic data on herbal teas are limited in the literature. We used non-targeted liquid chromatography–linear ion trap orbitrap mass spectrometry to identify and correlate the lipid species in the following six herbal tea samples: fennel, ginger, juniper, lemon peel, orange peel, and rosehip. A total of 204 lipid molecular species were identified, and multivariate analysis revealed a significant difference between lipid species in herbal teas. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are significantly abundant in juniper, including ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids, followed by fennel. Cluster correlations showed that ginger contained mainly sphingolipids and lysophospholipids, whereas fennel was rich in phospholipids. No significant variations in the content of triacylglycerols were observed in any of the herbal teas analyzed. The ratio of PUFAs to SFAs in herbal teas showed that orange peel had the highest ratio, followed by lemon peel and fennel, indicating their potential health benefits. In addition, using high-resolution mass spectrometry, various lipids such as fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids and N-acyl-lysophosphatidylethanolamines were identified and characterized in these herbal teas. This study provides a comprehensive lipid analysis and detailed characterization of lipids in six herbal teas, highlighting their plausible applications in the field of nutrition and various food industries for the development of functional foods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Lipids and Nutrition)
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15 pages, 2079 KiB  
Article
Improvement in Muscle Fatty Acid Bioavailability and Volatile Flavor in Tilapia by Dietary α-Linolenic Acid Nutrition Strategy
by Fang Chen, Yuhui He, Xinyi Li, Hangbo Zhu, Yuanyou Li and Dizhi Xie
Foods 2024, 13(7), 1005; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13071005 - 26 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1776
Abstract
To investigate the modification of muscle quality of farmed tilapia through dietary fatty acid strategies, two diets were formulated. Diet SO, using soybean oil as the lipid source, and diet BO, using blended soybean and linseed oils, each including 0.58% and 1.35% α-linolenic [...] Read more.
To investigate the modification of muscle quality of farmed tilapia through dietary fatty acid strategies, two diets were formulated. Diet SO, using soybean oil as the lipid source, and diet BO, using blended soybean and linseed oils, each including 0.58% and 1.35% α-linolenic acid (ALA), respectively, were formulated to feed juvenile tilapia for 10 weeks. The muscular nutrition composition, positional distribution of fatty acid in triglycerides (TAGs) and phospholipids (PLs), volatile flavor, lipid mobilization and oxidation were then analyzed. The results showed that there was no distinct difference between the SO and BO groups in terms of the nutrition composition, including crude protein, crude lipid, TAGs, PLs, and amino acid. Although the fatty acid distribution characteristics in ATGs and PLs showed a similar trend in the two groups, a higher level of n-3 PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acid) and n-3 LC-PUFA (long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid) bound to the glycerol backbone of TAGs and PLs was detected in the BO group than the SO group, whereas the opposite was true for n-6 PUFA. Additionally, the muscular volatile aldehyde and alcohol levels were higher in the BO group. Moreover, the expression of enzymatic genes and protein activities related to lipid mobilization (LPL, LPCAT, DGAT) and oxidation (LOX and GPX) was higher in the BO group. The results demonstrate that high-ALA diets may improve the fatty acid bioavailability and volatile flavor of tilapia by improving the lipid mobilization and oxidation, which provides new ideas for the improvement of muscle quality in farmed fish. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Lipids and Nutrition)
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