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Lung Diseases Molecular Pathogenesis and Therapy

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2025 | Viewed by 2507

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The most common cause of cancer death worldwide is lung cancer, but other respiratory pathologies also cause high mortality, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, infections such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pulmonary hypertension, and asthma. The 5-year survival rate remains very low for patients with advanced stage lung cancer. Many drugs have already been proposed for the treatment of lung diseases. Few of them are in clinical trials and have the potential to cure infectious diseases.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide a platform for the mechanistic investigation of the molecular pathogenesis of lung diseases, with a special focus on potential drug therapies. We warmly welcome the submission of original articles and outcome-based reviews from molecular viewpoints.

Dr. Kazufumi Nakamura
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • lung diseases
  • drug therapy
  • chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • lung cancer
  • lung fibrosis
  • pulmonary hypertension
  • asthma

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 3234 KiB  
Article
SGLT2 Inhibitors Empagliflozin and Canagliflozin Ameliorate Allergic Asthma Responses in Mice
by Ye-Eul Lee and Dong-Soon Im
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(14), 7567; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147567 - 10 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1586
Abstract
Inhibitors of sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), such as empagliflozin and canagliflozin, have been widely used to block glucose reabsorption in the proximal tubules of kidneys in patients with diabetes. A meta-analysis suggested that SGLT2 inhibitors are associated with a decreased risk of asthma [...] Read more.
Inhibitors of sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), such as empagliflozin and canagliflozin, have been widely used to block glucose reabsorption in the proximal tubules of kidneys in patients with diabetes. A meta-analysis suggested that SGLT2 inhibitors are associated with a decreased risk of asthma development. Therefore, we investigated whether SGLT2 inhibitors could suppress allergic asthma. Empagliflozin and canagliflozin suppressed the in vitro degranulation reaction induced by antigens in a concentration-dependent manner in RBL-2H3 mast cells. Empagliflozin and canagliflozin were administered to BALB/c mice sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA). The administration of empagliflozin or canagliflozin significantly suppressed OVA-induced airway hyper-responsiveness and increased the number of immune cells and pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The administration of empagliflozin and canagliflozin also suppressed OVA-induced histopathological changes in the lungs. Empagliflozin and canagliflozin also suppressed serum IgE levels. These results suggested that empagliflozin and canagliflozin may be applicable for the treatment of allergic asthma by suppressing immune responses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lung Diseases Molecular Pathogenesis and Therapy)
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Review

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22 pages, 1547 KiB  
Review
Pathophysiology of Group 3 Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Lung Diseases and/or Hypoxia
by Kazufumi Nakamura, Satoshi Akagi, Kentaro Ejiri, Satoshi Taya, Yukihiro Saito, Kazuhiro Kuroda, Yoichi Takaya, Norihisa Toh, Rie Nakayama, Yuki Katanosaka and Shinsuke Yuasa
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(2), 835; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26020835 - 20 Jan 2025
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Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension associated with lung diseases and/or hypoxia is classified as group 3 in the clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension. The efficacy of existing selective pulmonary vasodilators for group 3 pulmonary hypertension is still unknown, and it is currently associated with a poor [...] Read more.
Pulmonary hypertension associated with lung diseases and/or hypoxia is classified as group 3 in the clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension. The efficacy of existing selective pulmonary vasodilators for group 3 pulmonary hypertension is still unknown, and it is currently associated with a poor prognosis. The mechanisms by which pulmonary hypertension occurs include hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, pulmonary vascular remodeling, a decrease in pulmonary vascular beds, endothelial dysfunction, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), inflammation, microRNA, and genetic predisposition. Among these, hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and subsequent pulmonary vascular remodeling are characteristic factors involving the pulmonary vasculature and are the focus of this review. Several factors have been reported to mediate vascular remodeling induced by hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, such as HIF-1α and mechanosensors, including TRP channels. New therapies that target novel molecules, such as mechanoreceptors, to inhibit vascular remodeling are awaited. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lung Diseases Molecular Pathogenesis and Therapy)
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