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New Materials for Chemical Engineering and Sustainable Energy Solutions
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New Materials for Chemical Engineering and Sustainable Energy Solutions

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 December 2023) | Viewed by 7197

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Witold Żukowski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
Interests: combustion; fluidization; pyrolysis; catalysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are currently facing great challenges related to climate change, which means that the further development of technical civilization must be properly directed. Human activity should be based on sustainable development, use the circular economy, and save resources, including non-renewable fuels. This means the need to develop new solutions in the industry and in the field of energy production. Most often, new methods of production in the chemical and energy industries are based on known methods of organization of processes, but they consist in the use of new materials.

In the case of the chemical and energy industries, research on new materials focuses on catalytic processes that allow the use of alternative raw materials, including biological ones. It is also important to develop new ways of obtaining universal products, such as biohydrogen, which can be the starting point to produce polymers, fertilizers, chemical energy storage or alternative fuels. The new materials can also be used to organize processes in chemical reactors, as fillers in fluidized bed reactors or in mass exchange devices. An important application of new materials is in environmental protection processes, e.g., in air or water purification processes.

I invite all scientists whose research concerns new materials that may be applicable to the organization of production processes or to obtain energy in a sustainable manner to publish their results in this Special Issue of the journal Materials.

Prof. Dr. Witold Żukowski
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • materials for chemical engineering
  • materials for energy engineering
  • catalytical processes
  • circular economy
  • sustainable energy resources

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 4171 KiB  
Article
Comparative Study on Selected Insulating Materials for Industrial Piping
by Jan Porzuczek
Materials 2024, 17(7), 1601; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17071601 - 31 Mar 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1370
Abstract
This paper describes the results of an experimental assessment of the thermal conductivity of pipe insulation. The need for reducing energy loss in industrial piping systems makes the availability of relevant and reliable insulation materials of special importance. Several specimens of pipe laggings, [...] Read more.
This paper describes the results of an experimental assessment of the thermal conductivity of pipe insulation. The need for reducing energy loss in industrial piping systems makes the availability of relevant and reliable insulation materials of special importance. Several specimens of pipe laggings, made of different materials, including mineral wool, polyethylene foam (PEF), expanded polystyrene (EPS), flexible elastomeric foam (FEF) and polyurethane foam (PUR), were tested in accordance with the European standard ISO 8497. The thermal conductivity of the materials was measured for a wide range of temperatures. The results were compared with the values reported in the technical specifications as well as with the literature data. The assessment of measurement uncertainty was also described. The results showed that, in a few cases, thermal conductivity turned out to be greater than that declared by the manufacturer by as much as over 10%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Materials for Chemical Engineering and Sustainable Energy Solutions)
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26 pages, 6579 KiB  
Article
Cross-Linking Characteristics, Morphology, Dynamics, and Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polychloroprene/Polybutadiene/Nano-Zinc (CR/BR/nZn) Compositions with Reduced Fire Hazard
by Aleksandra Smejda-Krzewicka, Przemysław Rybiński, Witold Żukowski, Dariusz Bradło, Kinga Wencel and Gabriela Berkowicz-Płatek
Materials 2023, 16(17), 5804; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16175804 - 24 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1247
Abstract
The properties of unconventional blends of crystallizable and thermo-cross-linkable polychloroprene (CR) with polybutadiene (BR) were investigated in this study. The compositions were prepared using the method of reactive processing and cross-linking in the presence of nano-sized zinc (nZn). The purpose of the research [...] Read more.
The properties of unconventional blends of crystallizable and thermo-cross-linkable polychloroprene (CR) with polybutadiene (BR) were investigated in this study. The compositions were prepared using the method of reactive processing and cross-linking in the presence of nano-sized zinc (nZn). The purpose of the research was to assess the efficacy of nano-zinc as a curing agent of polychloroprene and polybutadiene (CR/BR) composites and to obtain rubber goods characterized by increased flame resistance. The blends were filled with nano-silica (aerosil) and fillers of natural origin (chalcedonite or silitin). The cross-linking process was characterized by determining the kinetics curves, the equilibrium swelling, and the Mooney–Rivlin elasticity constants. The morphology of the vulcanizate surface was specified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The dynamic and mechanical properties, flammability, and toxicity of gaseous substances involved in thermal decomposition were determined. Mass changes and thermal effects were studied using simultaneous thermal analysis (STA). It was confirmed that nano-zinc is an efficient curing agent for the polychloroprene and polybutadiene compositions, with a satisfactory degree of cross-linking (αc = 0.10, CRI = 4.11 min−1), good mechanical strength (TSb = 5 MPa), satisfactory tear resistance (Ts = 2.9 N/mm), and very high flame resistance (OI = 30%, HRRmax = 283 kW/m2). Filled products could be used as non-combustible materials, confirming the low fire hazard (1/tflashover = 3.5–6.4 kW/m2∙s). The most effective filler of the tested composites was nano-sized silica. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Materials for Chemical Engineering and Sustainable Energy Solutions)
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9 pages, 1959 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of CoSb3 Thin Films by Ag and Ti Co-Doping
by Meng Wei, Hong-Li Ma, Min-Yue Nie, Ying-Zhen Li, Zhuang-Hao Zheng, Xiang-Hua Zhang and Ping Fan
Materials 2023, 16(3), 1271; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16031271 - 2 Feb 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1732
Abstract
The Skutterudites CoSb3 material has been the focus of research for the conversion applications of waste heat to electricity due to its ability to accommodate a large variety of ions in the cages that have been proven effective in improving the thermoelectric [...] Read more.
The Skutterudites CoSb3 material has been the focus of research for the conversion applications of waste heat to electricity due to its ability to accommodate a large variety of ions in the cages that have been proven effective in improving the thermoelectric performance. Although the co-doped CoSb3 bulk materials have attracted increasing attention and have been widely studied, co-doped CoSb3 thin films have been rarely reported. In this work, Ag and Ti were co-doped into CoSb3 thin films via a facile in situ growth method, and the influence of doping content in the thermoelectric properties was investigated. The results show that all the Ag and Ti co-doped CoSb3 thin films contain a pure well-crystallized CoSb3 phase. Compared to the un-doped thin film, the co-doped samples show simultaneous increase in the Seebeck coefficient and the electrical conductivity, leading to a distinctly enhanced power factor. The high power factor value can reach ~0.31 mWm−1K−2 at 623 K after appropriate co-doping, which is two times the value of the un-doped thin film we have been obtained. All the results show that the co-doping is efficient in optimizing the performance of the CoSb3 thin films; the key point is to control the doping element content so as to obtain high thermoelectric properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Materials for Chemical Engineering and Sustainable Energy Solutions)
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Review

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25 pages, 5912 KiB  
Review
Recent Advancement and Structural Engineering in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for Alkali Metal Ions Batteries
by Nabi Ullah, Dariusz Guziejewski, Aihua Yuan and Sayyar Ali Shah
Materials 2023, 16(7), 2559; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072559 - 23 Mar 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1986
Abstract
Currently, transition metal dichalcogenides-based alkaline metal ion batteries have been extensively investigated for renewable energy applications to overcome the energy crisis and environmental pollution. The layered morphologys with a large surface area favors high electrochemical properties. Thermal stability, mechanical structural stability, and high [...] Read more.
Currently, transition metal dichalcogenides-based alkaline metal ion batteries have been extensively investigated for renewable energy applications to overcome the energy crisis and environmental pollution. The layered morphologys with a large surface area favors high electrochemical properties. Thermal stability, mechanical structural stability, and high conductivity are the primary features of layered transition metal dichalcogenides (L-TMDs). L-TMDs are used as battery materials and as supporters for other active materials. However, these materials still face aggregation, which reduces their applicability in batteries. In this review, a comprehensive study has been undertaken on recent advancements in L-TMDs-based materials, including 0D, 1D, 2D, 3D, and other carbon materials. Types of structural engineering, such as interlayer spacing, surface defects, phase control, heteroatom doping, and alloying, have been summarized. The synthetic strategy of structural engineering and its effects have been deeply discussed. Lithium- and sodium-ion battery applications have been summarized in this study. This is the first review article to summarize different morphology-based TMDs with their intrinsic properties for alkali metal ion batteries (AMIBs), so it is believed that this review article will improve overall knowledge of TMDs for AMIBS applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Materials for Chemical Engineering and Sustainable Energy Solutions)
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