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Advances in Biomedical Materials: Preparation, Characterization, and Applications

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 January 2024) | Viewed by 9734

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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Pharmacological Researches, N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry (NIOCH SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
Interests: pharmaceutical development; host-guest complexes; medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry; drug discovery; pharmacology; pharmaceutical formulation; toxicology; medicinal chemistry; biomedical materials
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomedical materials are widely used for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and the repair or replacement of damaged tissues. At present, biomedical materials have become one of the fastest developing areas in medicine with the greatest potential. In the century of nanoscale, the scientific and clinical approaches of pharmaceuticals are challenging, and in many cases, the necessity of emphasizing practical solutions and applications to theoretical and research-based problems occurs.

Active biomedical materials are designed to interact with biological systems for therapeutics. These materials have various applications such as tissue regeneration and repair, controlled drug delivery. The synthesis and fabrication of active biomedical materials require the use of different methods and technologies.

The Special Issue coverage spans a wide range of topics from basic science to clinical applications, around the theme of preparation, performance, and evaluation of advanced biomedical materials; the chemical, physical, toxicological, and mechanical behavior of materials in physiological environments; and the response of blood and tissues to biomedical materials.

Dr. Mikhail V. Khvostov
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • biomedical materials
  • biocompatibility
  • tissue repair
  • controlled drug delivery
  • biosafety
  • bio-fabrication technologies
  • nanomedicine
  • clinical application

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3186 KiB  
Article
Facile Preparation of β-Cyclodextrin-Modified Polysulfone Membrane for Low-Density Lipoprotein Adsorption via Dopamine Self-Assembly and Schiff Base Reaction
by Fei Fang, Haiyang Zhao, Rui Wang, Qi Chen, Qiongyan Wang and Qinghua Zhang
Materials 2024, 17(5), 988; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17050988 - 21 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1289
Abstract
A facile method for the immobilization of β-cyclodextrin on polysulfone membranes with the aim of selectively adsorbing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was established, which is based on the self-assembly of dopamine on the membrane followed by the Schiff base reaction with mono-(6-ethanediamine-6-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin. The surface [...] Read more.
A facile method for the immobilization of β-cyclodextrin on polysulfone membranes with the aim of selectively adsorbing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was established, which is based on the self-assembly of dopamine on the membrane followed by the Schiff base reaction with mono-(6-ethanediamine-6-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin. The surface modification processes were validated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Surface wettability and surface charge of the membranes were investigated through the water contact angle and zeta potential analysis. The cyclodextrin-modified polysulfone membrane (PSF-CD) showed good resistance to protein solutions, as shown by the measurement of BSA adsorption. The assessment of BSA adsorption revealed that the cyclodextrin-modified polysulfone membrane (PSF-CD) exhibited excellent resistance to protein solutions. To investigate the adsorption and desorption behaviors of the membranes in single-protein or binary-protein solutions, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed. The results revealed that the PSF-CD possessed remarkable adsorption capacity and higher affinity for LDL in both single-protein and binary-protein solutions, rendering it a suitable material for LDL apheresis. Full article
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19 pages, 3957 KiB  
Article
Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Diffusion-Associated Deformations of Biological Tissues and Polyacrylamide Gels Observed with Optical Coherence Elastography
by Yulia M. Alexandrovskaya, Ekaterina M. Kasianenko, Alexander A. Sovetsky, Alexander L. Matveyev and Vladimir Y. Zaitsev
Materials 2023, 16(5), 2036; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16052036 - 1 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1499
Abstract
In this work, we use the method of optical coherence elastography (OCE) to enable quantitative, spatially resolved visualization of diffusion-associated deformations in the areas of maximum concentration gradients during diffusion of hyperosmotic substances in cartilaginous tissue and polyacrylamide gels. At high concentration gradients, [...] Read more.
In this work, we use the method of optical coherence elastography (OCE) to enable quantitative, spatially resolved visualization of diffusion-associated deformations in the areas of maximum concentration gradients during diffusion of hyperosmotic substances in cartilaginous tissue and polyacrylamide gels. At high concentration gradients, alternating sign, near-surface deformations in porous moisture-saturated materials are observed in the first minutes of diffusion. For cartilage, the kinetics of osmotic deformations visualized by OCE, as well as the optical transmittance variations caused by the diffusion, were comparatively analyzed for several substances that are often used as optical clearing agents, i.e., glycerol, polypropylene, PEG-400 and iohexol, for which the effective diffusion coefficients were found to be 7.4 ± 1.8, 5.0 ± 0.8, 4.4 ± 0.8 and 4.6 ± 0.9 × 10−6 cm2/s, respectively. For the osmotically induced shrinkage amplitude, the influence of the organic alcohol concentration appears to be more significant than the influence of its molecular weight. The rate and amplitude of osmotically induced shrinkage and dilatation in polyacrylamide gels is found to clearly depend on the degree of their crosslinking. The obtained results show that observation of osmotic strains with the developed OCE technique can be applied for structural characterization of a wide range of porous materials, including biopolymers. In addition, it may be promising for revealing alterations in the diffusivity/permeability of biological tissues that are potentially associated with various diseases. Full article
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14 pages, 4405 KiB  
Article
Hydroxyapatite Double Substituted with Zinc and Silicate Ions: Possibility of Mechanochemical Synthesis and In Vitro Properties
by Svetlana V. Makarova, Natalia V. Bulina, Yuliya A. Golubeva, Lyubov S. Klyushova, Natalya B. Dumchenko, Svetlana S. Shatskaya, Arcady V. Ishchenko, Mikhail V. Khvostov and Dina V. Dudina
Materials 2023, 16(4), 1385; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041385 - 7 Feb 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2041
Abstract
In this study, the mechanochemical synthesis of substituted hydroxyapatite (HA) containing zinc and silicon ions having a chemical formula of Ca10−xZnx(PO4)6−x(SiO4)x(OH)2−x, where x = 0.2, 0.6, 1.0, 1.5, and [...] Read more.
In this study, the mechanochemical synthesis of substituted hydroxyapatite (HA) containing zinc and silicon ions having a chemical formula of Ca10−xZnx(PO4)6−x(SiO4)x(OH)2−x, where x = 0.2, 0.6, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0, was carried out. The synthesized materials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy. We found that HA co-substituted with zinc and silicate formed up to x = 1.0. At higher concentrations of the substituents, the formation of large amounts of an amorphous phase was observed. The cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the co-substituted HA was studied in vitro on Hek293 and MG-63 cell lines. The HA co-substituted with zinc and silicate demonstrated high biocompatibility; the lowest cytotoxicity was observed at x = 0.2. For this composition, good proliferation of MG-63 osteoblast-like cells and an increased solubility compared with that of HA were detected. These properties allow us to recommend the synthesized material for medical applications, namely, for the restoration of bone tissue and manufacture of biodegradable implants. Full article
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16 pages, 2522 KiB  
Article
Cellulose-Acetate-Based Films Modified with Ag2O and ZnS as Nanocomposites for Highly Controlling Biological Behavior for Wound Healing Applications
by Amjad F. Alharthi, Mohamed Gouda, Mai M. Khalaf, Abraham Elmushyakhi, Manal F. Abou Taleb and Hany M. Abd El-Lateef
Materials 2023, 16(2), 777; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16020777 - 12 Jan 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2118
Abstract
For wound healing, functional films with certain physicochemical and biological properties are needed. Thus, the current work aimed to fabricate multifunctional materials comprising metal oxide nanoparticles loaded with an efficient polymer to be used as dressing material. A composite containing polymeric phases of [...] Read more.
For wound healing, functional films with certain physicochemical and biological properties are needed. Thus, the current work aimed to fabricate multifunctional materials comprising metal oxide nanoparticles loaded with an efficient polymer to be used as dressing material. A composite containing polymeric phases of cellulose acetate (CA) blended with zinc sulfide (ZnS), silver oxide (Ag2O), and graphene oxide (GO) was successfully synthesized. The prepared composite crystallinity was studied using the X-ray diffraction technique (XRD). Further, the functional groups and the elemental analysis were investigated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Furthermore, the surface morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to obtain the shape and size of particles. SEM showed that the particles were formed in wide distribution in the range of 18–915 nm with an average size of 235 nm for Ag2O/ZnS/GO/CA. The particle size of Ag2O in the CA film was in the range between 19 and 648 nm with an average size of 216 nm, while the particle size of ZnS in CA was in the range of 12–991 nm with an average age particle size of 158 mm. In addition, EDX, based on SEM investigation, detected high carbon and oxygen quantities at around 94.21% of the composite. The contact angle decreased and reached 26.28° ± 2.12° in Ag2O/ZnS/CA. Furthermore, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to investigate the thermal stability, and the composition was thermally stable until 300 °C. Moreover, the cell viability of “normal lung cells” reached 102.66% in vitro at a concentration of 1250 µg/mL. The antibacterial activity of Ag2O/ZnS/GO/CA was also detected against E. coli with a zone of inhibition reaching 17.7 ± 0.5 mm. Therefore, the composite can be used in biomedical applications due to its biocompatibility and antibacterial activity. Full article
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14 pages, 2820 KiB  
Article
Electrochemical, Biological, and Technological Properties of Anodized Titanium for Color Coded Implants
by Josef Hlinka, Kamila Dostalova, Kristina Cabanova, Roman Madeja, Karel Frydrysek, Jan Koutecky, Zuzana Rybkova, Katerina Malachova and Osamu Umezawa
Materials 2023, 16(2), 632; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16020632 - 9 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2074
Abstract
Anodization coloring of titanium tools or implants is one of the common methods for the differentiation of each application by its size or type. Commercial purity titanium grade 4 plates (50 × 20 × 0.1 mm) were tested to obtain their electrochemical and [...] Read more.
Anodization coloring of titanium tools or implants is one of the common methods for the differentiation of each application by its size or type. Commercial purity titanium grade 4 plates (50 × 20 × 0.1 mm) were tested to obtain their electrochemical and other technological properties. The coloring process was done using the potential of 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 Volts for 5 s in 1 wt. % citric acid in demineralized water solution. Organic acids solutions generally produce better surface quality compared to inorganic acids. The contact angle of colored surfaces was measured by the sessile drop method. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization were used for the determination of selected electrochemical and corrosion parameters of the tested surfaces. It was found that the anodization process decreases corrosion potential significantly. It was also confirmed that a higher potential used for anodization results in higher polarization resistance but also a decrease in corrosion potential. The anodization process at 75 V produces surfaces with the lowest corrosion rate under 1 nm/year and the noblest corrosion potential. It was confirmed that the anodization process in citric acid does not affect titanium cytotoxicity. Full article
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