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Recent Advancements in Technology and Applications for Dental Ceramics (Second Edition)

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2025 | Viewed by 2971

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Office of Oral Health Innovation, Department of Reconstructive and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
Interests: digital dentistry; guided implant surgery; structural biology; protein structure; salivary biomarkers; salivary proteomics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent advancements in dental ceramics have ushered in a transformative era, extending their applications from conventional restorative materials to bone-grafting materials, dental implants, and orthodontic brackets. Notably, the landscape of restorative ceramics has undergone remarkable evolution in recent decades, significantly impacting clinical practice. Moreover, these advancements have paved the way for the integration of complementary materials, such as luting cements and bonding protocols, offering a holistic approach to dental restorations. A noteworthy development is the emergence of restorative ceramic materials tailored for digital fabrication, effectively bridging the gap between dental laboratories and on-site facilities. In this context, the popularity of layered and monolithic lithium disilicate, zirconia, and other ceramic materials has soared to unprecedented heights.

This Special Issue provides an intellectual platform for the exploration of research papers, reviews, and technical articles that traverse the realms of material sciences, contemporary techniques, and the clinical applications of dental ceramics. We extend a warm invitation to submissions that not only delve into the current state of the art, but also envision novel horizons for dental ceramics. The spectrum of topics encompassed includes, but is by no means restricted to, the following focal areas:

  • Comprehensive characterization of material properties intrinsic to dental ceramics;
  • Rigorous in vitro experimentation elucidating nuances of dental ceramic behavior;
  • Exploration of CAD/CAM applications, intraoral scanning, and the burgeoning realm of one-day dentistry;
  • Scrutiny of abutment tooth preparation techniques by embracing cutting-edge methodologies;
  • Innovations in digital designs optimized for ceramic prosthetic applications;
  • Advanced bonding techniques synergizing with the intricate nature of dental ceramics;
  • Delving into restorative retrievals to unravel insights into their clinical implications;
  • Harnessing the potential of laser treatment for dental ceramic materials, opening up avenues for novel applications;
  • Probing color perceptions and the intricate optical properties underlying dental ceramics;
  • Aesthetic considerations governing the utilization of dental ceramics in restoring natural smiles;
  • Examination of biofilm dynamics and microbial interactions on dental ceramic surfaces, accentuating their clinical relevance;
  • Exploration of phase transformation and the fracture resistance panorama within dental ceramics;
  • Precision surface finishing and polishing techniques augmenting the clinical viability of dental ceramics;
  • Adapting ceramics to the realm of dental implant abutments and dental implants, fusing material innovation with clinical practice;
  • Rigorous evaluations of wear resistance intrinsic to dental ceramic materials;
  • Unveiling the intricate dynamics of natural tooth wear as a result of dental ceramics, rendering insights into their long-term implications;
  • Employing finite element analysis to unravel the mechanical intricacies of dental ceramic materials;
  • Insights into luting cement formulations optimized for seamless integration with dental ceramics;
  • Navigating the realm of 3D printing for dental ceramics, unlocking novel fabrication paradigms;
  • Unveiling the machinery and fabrication techniques underpinning the production of dental ceramics;
  • Expanding ceramic applications to the realm of orthodontics, with a focus on innovation and efficacy;
  • Harnessing the potential of bioceramics for bone regeneration and grafting materials, and advancing regenerative dentistry.

We extend an enthusiastic welcome to contributions that enrich our understanding of the multifaceted world of dental ceramics, transcending boundaries between material science advancements and their translation into the intricate landscape of contemporary dental prosthetics. Furthermore, we encourage insights into the integration of AI and advancements in ceramic prosthetic design, thereby fostering a holistic understanding of the evolving interdisciplinary paradigms in modern dentistry.

Prof. Dr. Sompop Bencharit
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • bioceramics
  • CAD/CAM dentistry
  • ceramic technology
  • dental ceramics
  • restorative materials

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 14512 KiB  
Article
Mechanical Behavior of Thin Ceramic Laminates on Central Incisors
by Stephanie Soares Favero, Kelli Nunes Monteiro, Aline Rodrigues, Ketuly Marques Cestari, Carlos Alberto Jurado, Abdulaziz Alhotan and Paulo Francisco Cesar
Materials 2024, 17(22), 5663; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17225663 - 20 Nov 2024
Viewed by 195
Abstract
Restorative dentistry often uses ceramic laminate veneers for aesthetic anterior teeth restorations due to their natural appearance and minimal invasiveness. However, the understanding of their clinical performance and how ceramic microstructure and processing affect longevity is limited. Objective: This study aimed to address [...] Read more.
Restorative dentistry often uses ceramic laminate veneers for aesthetic anterior teeth restorations due to their natural appearance and minimal invasiveness. However, the understanding of their clinical performance and how ceramic microstructure and processing affect longevity is limited. Objective: This study aimed to address this gap by determining the mechanical behavior, fracture load, and failure modes of CAD-CAM processed laminate veneers made of either lithium-disilicate-based glass ceramic (IPS e.max CAD) or feldspathic porcelain (Vita Mark II). It also aimed to develop a mechanical cycling methodology capable of determining the lifetime and failure modes of thin ceramic laminate veneers. Materials and Methods: Eighteen human maxillary central incisors were used to create the specimens. Minimal enamel preparation was required to ensure the proper adaptation of the thin ceramic laminates. Ceramic laminates made from lithium disilicate and feldspathic porcelain (Vita Mark II) were produced via CAD-CAM, with the final thicknesses less than 0.5 mm, then cemented with resin cement. Results: The mean fracture load for the glass ceramic was 431.8 ± 217.9 N, while for the porcelain, it was 454.4 ± 72.1 N. Failure modes differed considerably: porcelain showed more chipping, while lithium disilicate was associated with tooth structure failure. Conclusion: The material used did not significantly affect the fracture load of thin ceramic laminates in static tests. However, failure modes differed considerably. It was not possible to determine a set of mechanical cycling parameters that could establish the fatigue properties of thin ceramic laminates, as the maximum number of cycles reached was 536,818. Full article
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13 pages, 6377 KiB  
Article
Effect of the CAD/CAM Milling Protocol on the Fracture Behavior of Zirconia Monolithic Crowns
by Andressa Restani Oliveira, Natalia Ulmi Ziglioli, Susana M. Salazar Marocho, Julian Satterthwaite and Marcia Borba
Materials 2024, 17(12), 2981; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17122981 - 18 Jun 2024
Viewed by 859
Abstract
Although advancements in CAD/CAM technology allow for more personalized treatments, it is not clear how modifications in the CAD/CAM milling process could affect the restoration surface conditions and their mechanical behavior. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different [...] Read more.
Although advancements in CAD/CAM technology allow for more personalized treatments, it is not clear how modifications in the CAD/CAM milling process could affect the restoration surface conditions and their mechanical behavior. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different CAD/CAM milling protocols on the topography and fracture behavior of zirconia monolithic crowns (3Y-PSZ) subjected to a chewing simulation. Monolithic 3Y-PSZ premolar crowns were milled using three protocols (n = 13) (slow (S), normal (N), and fast (F)). Crowns were cemented on a dentin analog abutment and subjected to mechanical aging (200 N, 2 Hz, 1,500,000 cycles, 37 °C water). Surviving crowns were subjected to compressive load test and analyzed using fractography. Fracture load data were analyzed with two-parameter Weibull analysis. The surface topography of the crowns was examined with a stereomicroscope and a 3D non-contact profiler. All crowns survived the chewing simulation. Crowns milled using the F protocol had the greatest characteristic fracture load, while crowns produced with the S protocol showed high Weibull modulus. Groups N and S had a more uniform surface and detailed occlusal anatomy than group F. The CAD/CAM milling protocol affected the topography and mechanical behavior of 3Y-PSZ monolithic crowns. Full article
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10 pages, 2776 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Die Material on the Crown Fracture Strength of Zirconia Crowns
by Akram Sayed Ahmed, Nathaniel C. Lawson, Chin-Chuan Fu, Pranit V. Bora, Edwin Kee and Amir H. Nejat
Materials 2024, 17(5), 1096; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17051096 - 28 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1158
Abstract
Background: Determination of the eligibility of several tooth analog materials for use in crown fracture testing. Methods: A standardized premolar crown preparation was replicated into three types of resin dies (C&B, low modulus 3D printed resin; OnX, high modulus 3D printed resin composite; [...] Read more.
Background: Determination of the eligibility of several tooth analog materials for use in crown fracture testing. Methods: A standardized premolar crown preparation was replicated into three types of resin dies (C&B, low modulus 3D printed resin; OnX, high modulus 3D printed resin composite; and highest modulus milled resin composite). 0.8 mm zirconia crowns were bonded to the dies and the maximum fracture load of the crowns was tested. Twelve extracted human premolars were prepared to a standardized crown preparation, and duplicate dies of the prepared teeth were 3D printed out of C&B. Zirconia crowns were bonded to both the dies and natural teeth, and their fracture load was tested. Results: There was no statistical difference between the fracture load of zirconia crowns bonded to standardized dies of C&B (1084.5 ± 134.2 N), OnX (1112.7 ± 109.8 N) or Lava Ultimate (1137.5 ± 88.7 N) (p = 0.580). There was no statistical difference between the fracture load of crowns bonded to dentin dies (1313 ± 240 N) and a 3D-printed resin die (C&B, 1156 ± 163 N) (p = 0.618). Conclusions: There was no difference in the static fracture load of zirconia crowns bonded to standardized resin dies with different moduli or between a low modulus resin die and natural dentin die. Full article
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