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Metabolites
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Gut Microbiome-Associated Nutrition and Metabolism in Livestock Production
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Gut Microbiome-Associated Nutrition and Metabolism in Livestock Production

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 14970

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Fang Gan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Interests: mycotoxin and health; selenium; probiotics; pig
Dr. Qingbiao Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: gut microbiome and health; bioactive peptides; probiotics; dairy cow and calf; milk

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Interest in the metabolic research of animals is growing because of the connection between nutrition and health in livestock production. The role of the gut microbiome in nutrition and metabolism in animals is drawing increasing attention. The gut microbiome is necessary for animal nutrition and health through metabolites from feed or microorganisms, such as short-chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids or other metabolites.

This Special Issue of Metabolites will publish reviews and original research articles covering the latest developments in nutrition and metabolism in livestock production (muscle, meat, milk, etc.). Nutrition in livestock (pig, calf, dairy cow, goat, etc.) may contain macronutrients, bioactive components, microorganisms, probiotics, bioactive peptides, plant extracts, etc. Metabolism may involve protein and fat production and development, as well as the metabolism of cells, organs and the animal body. We are particularly interested in studies that strengthen our understanding of the molecular, microbiome and biochemical mechanisms of metabolic alterations and report on the development in nutrient treatment in livestock, especially in nutritional metabolic disease of calf, dairy cow and piglet (e.g., diarrhea and gut health). In addition, new bioinformatic tools and data analysis concepts are welcome, such as feedomics, microbiome, metabolomics, and proteomics.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Metabolic modulation of nutrients in the development and health of livestock production;
  • Metabolic reprogramming of animal and gut health in response to nutritional metabolic disease;
  • Cross-talk between nutrition, metabolism, gut microbiome and health;
  • Microbial metabolism and microbial nutrition in the modulation of nutrients and managements;
  • Identification and characterization of potential therapeutic targets of nutrients for stress or nutritional metabolic diseases of livestock.

Dr. Fang Gan
Dr. Qingbiao Xu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metabolites is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrition
  • gut microbiome
  • gut health
  • metabolism
  • calf
  • livestock production
  • microbial nutrition

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 285 KiB  
Article
Effects of Protein Source, Whole Wheat and Butyric Acid on Live Performance, Gut Health and Amino Acid Digestibility in Broiler Chickens
by Shafqat N. Qaisrani, Ali I. Hussain, Saima Naveed, Fehmeada Bibi, Chaudhry A. Akram, Talat N. Pasha, Muhammad Asif, Irfan Irshad and Rana M. Bilal
Metabolites 2022, 12(10), 989; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12100989 - 19 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1801
Abstract
A total of 896 1-day-old straight-run (Ross-308) broilers were used to investigate the interactive effects of protein source (PS), diet structure (DS) and butyric acid (BA) on live performance and carcass characteristics, gut development and its morphology and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of [...] Read more.
A total of 896 1-day-old straight-run (Ross-308) broilers were used to investigate the interactive effects of protein source (PS), diet structure (DS) and butyric acid (BA) on live performance and carcass characteristics, gut development and its morphology and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of protein and amino acids (AA). Eight experimental diets comprising 8 replicates with 14 birds each were tested in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with complete randomized design by two levels of BA (0 and 0.1%), two forms of DS (whole vs. ground wheat) and two PS, i.e., soybean meal and canola meal (SBM vs. CM). Throughout the entire experimental period (0 to 35 d), broilers fed SBM-based diets exhibited better (p < 0.05) growth performance (feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR)), carcass parameters (p < 0.05), gut health (p < 0.05), and nutrient digestibility (p < 0.05) than CM-fed broilers. Dietary whole wheat (WW) positively affected FI (p = 0.001), BWG (p = 0.004) and FCR (p = 0.035) during the overall experimental period. Broilers fed WW had 6, 5, 8, 11 and 10% lower empty relative weights of crop, proventriculus, jejunum, ileum and colon and 25 and 15% heavier gizzard and pancreas, respectively, with longer villus height (p < 0.001), reduced crypt depth (p = 0.031) and longer villus height-to-crypt depth ratio (p < 0.001) than those fed ground-wheat-based diets. Broilers fed WW had greater (p < 0.05) AID of CP and most of the AA. Butyric acid supplementation resulted in improved (p < 0.05) growth performance and digestibility of threonine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, serine and aspartate. The broilers consuming SBM had 28% lower abdominal fat than those fed CM-based diets. In conclusion, harmful consequences of a less digestible PS can partially be compensated by the inclusion of WW, and supplementation of BA further reduces these detrimental effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiome-Associated Nutrition and Metabolism in Livestock Production)
20 pages, 3538 KiB  
Article
Paeonol Ameliorates Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Metabolites
by Jiahui Zheng, Huan Li, Pei Zhang, Shijun Yue, Bingtao Zhai, Junbo Zou, Jiangxue Cheng, Chongbo Zhao, Dongyan Guo and Jing Wang
Metabolites 2022, 12(10), 956; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12100956 - 8 Oct 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2947
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Recent studies demonstrate that the phenolic tannin paeonol (Pae) attenuates UC in mouse models by downregulating inflammatory factors. However, its molecular mechanism for UC treatment has not been explored from [...] Read more.
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Recent studies demonstrate that the phenolic tannin paeonol (Pae) attenuates UC in mouse models by downregulating inflammatory factors. However, its molecular mechanism for UC treatment has not been explored from the perspective of the gut microbiota and metabolomics. In this study, we investigated the effects of Pae on colonic inflammation, intestinal microbiota and fecal metabolites in 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced BALB/c UC mice. Pae significantly improved the clinical index, relieved colonic damage, reduced cytokine levels, and restored the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier in UC mice. In addition, Pae increased the abundance of gut microbiota, partially reversed the disturbance of intestinal biota composition, including Lactobacillus and Bacteroides, and regulated metabolite levels, such as bile acid (BA) and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA). In conclusion, our study provides new insight on Pae remission of UC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiome-Associated Nutrition and Metabolism in Livestock Production)
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17 pages, 24808 KiB  
Article
Trans-Species Fecal Transplant Revealed the Role of the Gut Microbiome as a Contributor to Energy Metabolism and Development of Skeletal Muscle
by Liyuan Cai, Min Li, Shuyi Zhou, Xiaoyan Zhu, Xianghua Zhang and Qingbiao Xu
Metabolites 2022, 12(8), 769; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12080769 - 21 Aug 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1925
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the exogenous gut microbiome at early life stages on the development of mice skeletal muscle in adulthood. First, the characteristics of skeletal muscle and the gut microbiota composition of the gut microbiota [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the exogenous gut microbiome at early life stages on the development of mice skeletal muscle in adulthood. First, the characteristics of skeletal muscle and the gut microbiota composition of the gut microbiota donors—Erhualian (EH) pigs (a native Chinese breed)—were studied. EH pigs had significantly higher fiber densities and thinner fiber diameters than Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire crossed (DLY) pigs (p < 0.05). The expression levels of genes related to oxidized muscle fibers, mitochondrial function, and glucose metabolism in the skeletal muscle of EH pigs were significantly higher than those in DLY pigs (p < 0.05). Moreover, the abundances of 8 gut microbial phyla and 35 genera correlated with the skeletal muscle fiber diameters and densities exhibited significant differences (p < 0.05) between EH and DLY pigs. Subsequently, newborn mice were treated with saline (CG) and fecal microbiota suspensions collected from EH pigs (AG), respectively, for 15 days, starting from the day of birth. In adulthood (60 days), the relative abundances of Parabacteroides, Sutterella, and Dehalobacterium were significantly higher in the feces of the AG mice than those of the CG mice. The microbes contribute to improved functions related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The weight, density, and gene expression related to the oxidized muscle fibers, mitochondrial function, and glucose metabolism of the AG group were significantly higher than those of the CG group (p < 0.05), whereas the fiber diameters in the skeletal muscle of the AG mice were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those of the CG mice. These results suggested that intervention with exogenous microbiota at early stages of life can affect the fiber size and energy metabolism of their skeletal muscle. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiome-Associated Nutrition and Metabolism in Livestock Production)
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9 pages, 990 KiB  
Article
Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Clostridium butyricum Could Improve B-Vitamin Production in the Rumen and Growth Performance of Heat-Stressed Goats
by Liyuan Cai, Rudy Hartanto, Qingbiao Xu, Ji Zhang and Desheng Qi
Metabolites 2022, 12(8), 766; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12080766 - 19 Aug 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 1978
Abstract
Heat stress can adversely affect the rumen environment and the growth performance of goats. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC), Clostridium butyricum (CB), and their mixture on B-vitamin production in the rumen and the growth performance of [...] Read more.
Heat stress can adversely affect the rumen environment and the growth performance of goats. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC), Clostridium butyricum (CB), and their mixture on B-vitamin production in the rumen and the growth performance of heat-stressed goats. Firstly, twelve Macheng × Boer crossed goats (24.21 ± 2.05 kg, control) were modeled to become heat-stressed goats (HS1). Then, the B-vitamin concentrations in the rumen and the parameters of growth performance were measured in goats. The results showed that heat stress could cause significantly decreased vitamin B1, B2, B6, B12, and niacin concentrations (p < 0.05). It also could cause a significantly reduced dry matter (DM) intake (DMI) and average daily gain (ADG) (p < 0.05). However, the digestibilities of DM, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in HS1 compared to controls. Then, these twelve heat-stressed goats were divided equally into four groups: control group (HS2, no probiotic supplemented), SC group (0.30% SC supplemented to the basal diet), CB group (0.05% CB supplemented to the basal diet), and mix group (0.30% SC and 0.05% CB supplemented to the basal diet). They were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square experimental design. The results showed that the concentrations of vitamins B1, B2, and niacin in the rumen and the DMI, ADG, and the digestibility of DM, NDF, and ADF were significantly increased (p < 0.05) with SC, CB, and their mixture supplementation (p < 0.05). These results suggest that dietary supplementation with SC and CB could improve B-vitamin production in the rumen and the growth performance of heat-stressed goats. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiome-Associated Nutrition and Metabolism in Livestock Production)
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12 pages, 2707 KiB  
Article
Beta-Glucan Alters Gut Microbiota and Plasma Metabolites in Pre-Weaning Dairy Calves
by Zhengzhong Luo, Li Ma, Tao Zhou, Yixin Huang, Liben Zhang, Zhenlong Du, Kang Yong, Xueping Yao, Liuhong Shen, Shumin Yu, Xiaodong Shi and Suizhong Cao
Metabolites 2022, 12(8), 687; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12080687 - 26 Jul 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2531
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the alterations in gut microbiome and plasma metabolites of dairy calves with β-glucan (BG) supplementation. Fourteen healthy newborn dairy calves with similar body weight were randomly divided into control (n = 7) and BG (n [...] Read more.
The present study aims to evaluate the alterations in gut microbiome and plasma metabolites of dairy calves with β-glucan (BG) supplementation. Fourteen healthy newborn dairy calves with similar body weight were randomly divided into control (n = 7) and BG (n = 7) groups. All the calves were fed on the basal diet, while calves in the BG group were supplemented with oat BG on d 8 for 14 days. Serum markers, fecal microbiome, and plasma metabolites at d 21 were analyzed. The calves were weaned on d 60 and weighed. The mean weaning weight of the BG group was 4.29 kg heavier than that of the control group. Compared with the control group, the levels of serum globulin, albumin, and superoxide dismutase were increased in the BG group. Oat BG intake increased the gut microbiota richness and decreased the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio. Changes in serum markers were found to be correlated with the plasma metabolites, including sphingosine, trehalose, and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol sulfate, and gut microbiota such as Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214, Alistipes, and Bacteroides. Overall, these results suggest that the BG promotes growth and health of pre-weaning dairy calves by affecting the interaction between the host and gut microbiota. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiome-Associated Nutrition and Metabolism in Livestock Production)
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16 pages, 4451 KiB  
Article
Berberine Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis and Inhibits the Secretion of Gut Lysozyme via Promoting Autophagy
by Xiaofan Xu, Wei Li, Zhendong Yu, Le Zhang, Ting Duo, Ya Zhao, Wenxia Qin, Wenbo Yang and Libao Ma
Metabolites 2022, 12(8), 676; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12080676 - 23 Jul 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2602
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the primary types of inflammatory bowel disease, the occurrence of which has been increasing worldwide. Research in recent years has found that the level of lysozyme in the feces and blood of UC patients is abnormally elevated, [...] Read more.
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the primary types of inflammatory bowel disease, the occurrence of which has been increasing worldwide. Research in recent years has found that the level of lysozyme in the feces and blood of UC patients is abnormally elevated, and the bacterial product after the action of lysozyme can be used as an agonist to recognize different cell pattern receptors, thus regulating the process of intestinal inflammation. Berberine (BBR), as a clinical anti-diarrhea and anti-inflammatory drug, has been used in China for hundreds of years. In this study, results showed that BBR can significantly inhibit the expression and secretion of lysozyme in mice. Therefore, we try to investigate the mechanism behind it and elucidate the new anti-inflammatory mechanism of BBR. In vitro, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to establish an inflammatory cell model, and transcriptomic was used to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the LPS group and the LPS + BBR treatment group. In vivo, dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) was used to establish a UC mice model, and histologic section and immunofluorescence trails were used to estimate the effect of BBR on UC mice and the expression of lysozyme in Paneth cells. Research results showed that BBR can inhibit the expression and secretion of lysozyme by promoting autophagy via the AMPK/MTOR/ULK1 pathway, and BBR promotes the maturation and expression of lysosomes. Accordingly, we conclude that inhibiting the expression and secretion of intestinal lysozyme is a new anti-inflammatory mechanism of BBR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiome-Associated Nutrition and Metabolism in Livestock Production)
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