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Micromachines
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Biosensors for Pathogen Detection
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Biosensors for Pathogen Detection

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "B：Biology and Biomedicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2019) | Viewed by 52591

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Marisa Manzano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agriculture, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences Via Sondrio 2/A, Università degli Studi di Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
Interests: genosensors; aptasensors; molecular biology; PCR; DNA probes; aptamers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

The food industry’s demand for the elimination of diseases caused by the presence of pathogen microorganims in food, and the breeding farms’ demand for rapid diagnoses, has lead to the development of detection methods mostly based on molecular biology, nanotechnology, and nanomaterials. DNA biosensors utilizing optical, electrochemical, and acoustic transducers have demonstrated their feasibility for diagnostic purposes in pathogen detection as they are rapid, specific, sensitive, and cheap. The latest advancements in oligonucleotide selection (SELEX and SAM) have opened new frontiers in this field, as they allow for the direct detection of cells using a label free method. DNA-based biosensors can recognize various pathogens, bacteria, viruses, and fungi that can affect humans, animals, plants, food, water, and the environment; moreover, the biosensor market is growing from the 2 billion dollars valued in 2016, making this sector attractive for technological industries, especially for the production of miniaturized biosensors.

This Special Issue seeks to merge new/recent methods that can be useful in pathogen detection for the development of point of care (PoC) devices and for the development of simple protocols.

Authors are invited to contribute original research papers, review articles, and short communications that focus on the development and utilization of novel methods to assure a rapid, simple, and cheap detction of pathogens in food, breeding farms, water, environment, and also for clinical applications.

Prof. Dr. Marisa Manzano
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pathogen detection
  • DNA sensors
  • nucleic acids
  • optical biosensors
  • electrochemical biosensors
  • acoustic biosensors
  • nanomaterials
  • point of care
  • lab-on-chip

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Related Special Issues

Published Papers (9 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review

13 pages, 5310 KiB  
Article
A High-Throughput Microfluidic Magnetic Separation (µFMS) Platform for Water Quality Monitoring
by Keisha Y. Castillo-Torres, Eric S. McLamore and David P. Arnold
Micromachines 2020, 11(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi11010016 - 22 Dec 2019
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4064
Abstract
The long-term aim of this work is to develop a biosensing system that rapidly detects bacterial targets of interest, such as Escherichia coli, in drinking and recreational water quality monitoring. For these applications, a standard sample size is 100 mL, which is [...] Read more.
The long-term aim of this work is to develop a biosensing system that rapidly detects bacterial targets of interest, such as Escherichia coli, in drinking and recreational water quality monitoring. For these applications, a standard sample size is 100 mL, which is quite large for magnetic separation microfluidic analysis platforms that typically function with <20 µL/s throughput. Here, we report the use of 1.5-µm-diameter magnetic microdisc to selectively tag target bacteria, and a high-throughput microfluidic device that can potentially isolate the magnetically tagged bacteria from 100 mL water samples in less than 15 min. Simulations and experiments show ~90% capture efficiencies of magnetic particles at flow rates up to 120 µL/s. Also, the platform enables the magnetic microdiscs/bacteria conjugates to be directly imaged, providing a path for quantitative assay. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Pathogen Detection)
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12 pages, 2614 KiB  
Article
A Lab-on-a-Chip Device Integrated DNA Extraction and Solid Phase PCR Array for the Genotyping of High-Risk HPV in Clinical Samples
by Cancan Zhu, Anzhong Hu, Junsheng Cui, Ke Yang, Xinchao Zhu, Yong Liu, Guoqing Deng and Ling Zhu
Micromachines 2019, 10(8), 537; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10080537 - 15 Aug 2019
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 7502
Abstract
Point-of-care (POC) molecular diagnostics play a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. It is necessary to develop portable, easy-to-use, inexpensive and rapid molecular diagnostic tools. In this study, we proposed a lab-on-a-chip device that integrated DNA extraction, solid-phase PCR [...] Read more.
Point-of-care (POC) molecular diagnostics play a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. It is necessary to develop portable, easy-to-use, inexpensive and rapid molecular diagnostic tools. In this study, we proposed a lab-on-a-chip device that integrated DNA extraction, solid-phase PCR and genotyping detection. The ingenious design of the pneumatic microvalves enabled the fluid mixing and reagent storage to be organically combined, significantly reducing the size of the chip. The solid oligonucleotide array incorporated into the chip allowed the spatial separation of the primers and minimized undesirable interactions in multiplex amplification. As a proof-of-concept for POC molecular diagnostics on the device, five genotypes of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) (HPV16/HPV18/HPV31/HPV33/HPV58) were examined. Positive quality control samples and HPV patient cervical swab specimens were analyzed on the integrated microdevice. The platform was capable of detection approximately 50 copies of HPV virus per reaction during a single step, including DNA extraction, solid-phase PCR and genotype detection, in 1 h from samples being added to the chip. This simple and inexpensive microdevice provided great utility for the screening and monitoring of HPV genotypes. The sample-to-result platform will pave the way for wider application of POC molecular testing in the fields of clinical diagnostics, food safety, and environmental monitoring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Pathogen Detection)
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10 pages, 2178 KiB  
Article
An Origami Paper-Based Device Printed with DNAzyme-Containing DNA Superstructures for Escherichia coli Detection
by Yating Sun, Yangyang Chang, Qiang Zhang and Meng Liu
Micromachines 2019, 10(8), 531; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10080531 - 12 Aug 2019
Cited by 35 | Viewed by 5522
Abstract
Rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria is extremely important for public health and safety. Here, we describe for the first time an integrated origami paper-based analytical device (PAD) incorporating cell lysis, molecular recognition, amplification and visual detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli). [...] Read more.
Rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria is extremely important for public health and safety. Here, we describe for the first time an integrated origami paper-based analytical device (PAD) incorporating cell lysis, molecular recognition, amplification and visual detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli). The device features three components: paper for its ability to extract protein molecules nonspecifically from cells, DNA superstructures for their ability to immobilize RNA-cleaving DNAzymes (RCDs) but undergo target-induced RNA cleavage on paper, and isothermal rolling circle amplification (RCA) for its ability to amplify each cleavage event into repetitive sequence units that can be detected by naked eye. This device can achieve detection of E. coli K12 with a detection limit of as low as 103 CFU·mL−1 in a total turnaround time of 35 min. Furthermore, this device allowed the sensitive detection of E. coli in complex sample matrices such as juice and milk. Given that more specific RCDs can be evolved for diverse bacteria, the integrated PAD holds great potential for rapid, sensitive and highly selective detection of pathogenic bacteria in resource-limited settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Pathogen Detection)
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9 pages, 1660 KiB  
Article
Detection of Coxiella burnetii Using Silicon Microring Resonator in Patient Blood Plasma
by Bonhan Koo, Choong Eun Jin, Moonsuk Bae, Yoon Ok Jang, Ji Yeun Kim, Sung-Han Kim and Yong Shin
Micromachines 2019, 10(7), 427; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10070427 - 27 Jun 2019
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3331
Abstract
Blood plasma from patients is a powerful resource for diagnosing infectious disease due to it having many genetic materials as well as being relatively easy to obtain. Thus, various biosensors have been investigated for diagnosing diseases in blood plasma. However, there are no [...] Read more.
Blood plasma from patients is a powerful resource for diagnosing infectious disease due to it having many genetic materials as well as being relatively easy to obtain. Thus, various biosensors have been investigated for diagnosing diseases in blood plasma. However, there are no optimized and validated sensors for clinical use due to the low sensitivity, complexity, and difficulties of removing the inhibitors from plasma samples. In this study, we described a silicon microring resonator sensor used to detect Coxiella burnetii from the blood plasma of Q-fever patients in a label-free, real-time manner. Q-fever is an infectious disease caused by Coxiella burnetii via direct contact or inhalation aerosols. We validated this biosensor in the blood plasma of 35 clinical samples (including 16 Q fever samples infected with Coxiella burnetii and 19 samples infected with other febrile diseases. The biosensors are capable of rapid (10 min), highly sensitive (87.5%), and specific (89.5%) detection in plasma samples compared to the use of the conventional method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Pathogen Detection)
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9 pages, 1737 KiB  
Article
Silver Doped Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Based Electrochemical Enzyme-Less Sensor for Determination of H2O2 Released from Live Cells
by Danting Yang, Ning Ni, Lu Cao, Xin Song, Yasmin Alhamoud, Guangxia Yu, Jinshun Zhao and Haibo Zhou
Micromachines 2019, 10(4), 268; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10040268 - 21 Apr 2019
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 4513
Abstract
In this study, a silver doped mesoporous silica nanoparticles-based enzyme-less electrochemical sensor for the determination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) released from live cells was constructed for the first time. The presented electrochemical sensor exhibited fast response (2 s) towards [...] Read more.
In this study, a silver doped mesoporous silica nanoparticles-based enzyme-less electrochemical sensor for the determination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) released from live cells was constructed for the first time. The presented electrochemical sensor exhibited fast response (2 s) towards the reduction of H2O2 concentration variation at an optimized potential of −0.5 V with high selectivity over biological interferents such as uric acid, ascorbic acid, and glucose. In addition, a wide linear range (4 μM to 10 mM) with a low detection limit (LOD) of 3 μM was obtained. Furthermore, the Ag-mSiO2 nanoparticles/glass carbon electrode (Ag-mSiO2 NPs/GCE) based enzyme-less sensor showed good electrocatalytic performance, as well as good reproducibility, and long-term stability, which provided a successful way to in situ determine H2O2 released from live cells. It may also be promising to monitor the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in bacteria against oxidants and antibiotics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Pathogen Detection)
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Review

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17 pages, 2206 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in Electrochemiluminescence Sensors for Pathogenic Bacteria Detection
by Jinjin Shen, Ting Zhou and Ru Huang
Micromachines 2019, 10(8), 532; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10080532 - 13 Aug 2019
Cited by 37 | Viewed by 6722
Abstract
Pathogenic bacterial contamination greatly threats human health and safety. Rapidly biosensing pathogens in the early stage of infection would be helpful to choose the correct drug treatment, prevent transmission of pathogens, as well as decrease mortality and economic losses. Traditional techniques, such as [...] Read more.
Pathogenic bacterial contamination greatly threats human health and safety. Rapidly biosensing pathogens in the early stage of infection would be helpful to choose the correct drug treatment, prevent transmission of pathogens, as well as decrease mortality and economic losses. Traditional techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, are accurate and effective, but are greatly limited because they are complex and time-consuming. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensors combine the advantages of both electrochemical and photoluminescence analysis and are suitable for high sensitivity and simple pathogenic bacteria detection. In this review, we summarize recent advances in ECL sensors for pathogenic bacteria detection and highlight the development of paper-based ECL platforms in point of care diagnosis of pathogens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Pathogen Detection)
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14 pages, 1233 KiB  
Review
Electrochemical and Optical Biosensors for the Detection of Campylobacter and Listeria: An Update Look
by Priya Vizzini, Matteo Braidot, Jasmina Vidic and Marisa Manzano
Micromachines 2019, 10(8), 500; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10080500 - 27 Jul 2019
Cited by 64 | Viewed by 5232
Abstract
Foodborne safety has aroused tremendous research interest in recent years because of a global public health problem. The rapid and precise detection of foodborne pathogens can reduce significantly infection diseases and save lives by the early initiation of an effective treatment. This review [...] Read more.
Foodborne safety has aroused tremendous research interest in recent years because of a global public health problem. The rapid and precise detection of foodborne pathogens can reduce significantly infection diseases and save lives by the early initiation of an effective treatment. This review highlights current advances in the development of biosensors for detection of Campylobacter spp. and Listeria monocytogenes that are the most common causes of zoonosis. The consumption of pathogen contaminated food is responsible for humans hospitalization and death. The attention focused on the recognition elements such as antibodies (Ab), DNA probes and aptamers able to recognize cells, amplicons, and specific genes from different samples like bacteria, food, environment and clinical samples. Moreover, the review focused on two main signal-transducing mechanisms, i.e., electrochemical, measuring an amperometric, potentiometric and impedimetric signal; and optical, measuring a light signal by OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode), SPR (Surface Plasmon Resonance), and Optical fiber. We expect that high-performance of devices being developed through basic research will find extensive applications in environmental monitoring, biomedical diagnostics, and food safety. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Pathogen Detection)
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20 pages, 560 KiB  
Review
Research Progress of Near-Infrared Fluorescence Immunoassay
by Xiao-Hui Chang, Jie Zhang, Lin-Huan Wu, Yan-Kun Peng, Xiang-Ying Yang, Xiao-Lin Li, Ai-Jin Ma, Jun-Cai Ma and Guang-Quan Chen
Micromachines 2019, 10(6), 422; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10060422 - 24 Jun 2019
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 5418
Abstract
Near-infrared fluorescence probes (NIFPs) have been widely used in immunoassay, bio-imaging and medical diagnosis. We review the basic principles of near-infrared fluorescence and near-infrared detection technology, and summarize structures, properties and characteristics of NIFPs (i.e., cyanines, xanthenes fluorescent dyes, phthalocyanines, porphyrin derivates, single-walled [...] Read more.
Near-infrared fluorescence probes (NIFPs) have been widely used in immunoassay, bio-imaging and medical diagnosis. We review the basic principles of near-infrared fluorescence and near-infrared detection technology, and summarize structures, properties and characteristics of NIFPs (i.e., cyanines, xanthenes fluorescent dyes, phthalocyanines, porphyrin derivates, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), quantum dots and rare earth compounds). We next analyze applications of NIFPs in immunoassays, and prospect the application potential of lateral flow assay (LFA) in rapid detection of pathogens. At present, our team intends to establish a new platform that has highly sensitive NIFPs combined with portable and simple immunochromatographic test strips (ICTSs) for rapid detection of food-borne viruses. This will provide technical support for rapid detection on the port. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Pathogen Detection)
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15 pages, 1027 KiB  
Review
Electrochemical Biosensors for Detection of Foodborne Pathogens
by Zhenguo Zhang, Jun Zhou and Xin Du
Micromachines 2019, 10(4), 222; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10040222 - 28 Mar 2019
Cited by 90 | Viewed by 9564
Abstract
Foodborne safety has become a global public health problem in both developed and developing countries. The rapid and precise monitoring and detection of foodborne pathogens has generated a strong interest by researchers in order to control and prevent human foodborne infections. Traditional methods [...] Read more.
Foodborne safety has become a global public health problem in both developed and developing countries. The rapid and precise monitoring and detection of foodborne pathogens has generated a strong interest by researchers in order to control and prevent human foodborne infections. Traditional methods for the detection of foodborne pathogens are often time-consuming, laborious, expensive, and unable to satisfy the demands of rapid food testing. Owing to the advantages of simplicity, real-time analysis, high sensitivity, miniaturization, rapid detection time, and low cost, electrochemical biosensing technology is more and more widely used in determination of foodborne pathogens. Here, we summarize recent developments in electrochemical biosensing technologies used to detect common foodborne pathogens. Additionally, we discuss research challenges and future prospects for this field of study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Pathogen Detection)
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