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Malnutrition and Gastrointestinal Disease
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Malnutrition and Gastrointestinal Disease

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 February 2025 | Viewed by 8180

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Maria Chiara Mentella

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Addominali ed Endocrino Metaboliche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
Interests: nutrition; IBD; gastroenterology; clinical nutrition; sarcopenia; disease-related malnutrition; gut microbiota
Dr. Franco Scaldaferri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
IBD Unit, CEMAD, UOC di Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Addominali ed Endocrino Metaboliche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
Interests: inflammatory bowel disease; digestive disease; colon cancer; gut microbiota; intestinal permeability; probiotics; prebiotics; fecal microbiota transplantaion
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Malnutrition is a condition that is commonly associated with a decrease in food consumption, increased nutrient storage catabolism, or malabsorption. It is frequently observed in various gastrointestinal conditions, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, liver diseases, pancreatitis, celiac and non-celiac enteropathies, irritable bowel syndrome, short bowel syndrome, and conditions related to gastrointestinal surgery. Although a consequential proportion of patients who suffer from gastrointestinal diseases experience malnutrition, there exists a noteworthy dearth of awareness concerning this issue. As such, the likelihood of disease-related complications is elevated. It is widely acknowledged that malnutrition is frequently associated with poor clinical outcomes, reduced quality of life, impaired body function, and a diminished response to therapy. Early intervention involving the provision of adequate nutritional intake in terms of quality and quantity is crucial in improving prognosis. The increasing access to data for risk stratification and evaluation of nutritional interventions and their influence on outcomes will significantly improve the treatment of malnutrition.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to offer new insights into malnutrition in gastrointestinal diseases and to bridge the divide between research and clinical practice for improved outcomes. We welcome submissions (original research articles and reviews) that address these issues, and hope that the content will prove valuable to clinical practitioners and inspire further innovative research.

Dr. Maria Chiara Mentella
Dr. Franco Scaldaferri
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • malnutrition
  • gastrointestinal diseases
  • sarcopenia
  • diet
  • celiac disease
  • irritable bowel syndrome
  • inflammatory bowel disease
  • pancreatic disease
  • short bowel syndrome
  • gastrointestinal surgery

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 490 KiB  
Article
Food Insecurity and Coping Mechanisms: Impact on Maternal Mental Health and Child Malnutrition
by Berna Rahi, Farah Al Mashharawi, Hana Harb, Myriam El Khoury-Malhame and Lama Mattar
Nutrients 2025, 17(2), 330; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17020330 - 17 Jan 2025
Viewed by 659
Abstract
Background: Household food insecurity (HFI) is a serious public health concern in Lebanon. Adverse mental health issues have been reported among food insecure households in addition to physical and nutritional complications. Caregivers in food insecure families tend to adopt different coping mechanisms to [...] Read more.
Background: Household food insecurity (HFI) is a serious public health concern in Lebanon. Adverse mental health issues have been reported among food insecure households in addition to physical and nutritional complications. Caregivers in food insecure families tend to adopt different coping mechanisms to mitigate the effects of food insecurity (FI) on their children. Objective: This cross-sectional observational study aimed to explore the relationship between FI, maternal depression, child malnutrition, and differential coping mechanisms adopted by mothers. Methods: A total of 219 women were enrolled in this study; FI was assessed using the household food insecurity assessment (HFIAS), maternal depression using the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9), and their children’s nutritional status through recall of anthropometric measurements. Pearson’s correlations and logistic regressions were performed to evaluate the associations between HFI, maternal depression, and children’s nutritional status. Results: A strong positive correlation between HFI and maternal depression (p = 0.001) and children’s nutritional status (p = 0.008) was shown. Logistic regressions revealed that being food secure decreased the risk of maternal depression (OR = 0.328, 95% CI 0.125–0.863, p = 0.024), while it did not predict children’s nutritional status. Eight main themes related to coping mechanisms were identified. Conclusions: This study highlights the understudied relationship between food insecurity and maternal depression, showing an increased prevalence of HFI among residents in Lebanon with a positive correlation with increased maternal depression. Further investigation is warranted to better explore how to mitigate the negative impact of food insecurity on mental health, maternal nutritional needs, and Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices in Lebanon. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Malnutrition and Gastrointestinal Disease)
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11 pages, 290 KiB  
Article
Dietary Profile of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Clinical Remission—A Preliminary Study
by Raquel Susana Torrinhas, Ilanna Marques Gomes da Rocha, Danielle Cristina Fonseca, Helena Menezes, Ana Paula Prudêncio, Bianca Depieri Balmant, Letícia Callado, Adérson Omar Mourão Cintra Damião, Natalia Queiroz and Dan L. Waitzberg
Nutrients 2024, 16(14), 2227; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16142227 - 11 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1585
Abstract
Imbalanced dietary intake is associated with the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and is often observed during the active phases of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Cumulative data also suggest the potential for dietary manipulation in avoiding IBD relapse. However, [...] Read more.
Imbalanced dietary intake is associated with the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and is often observed during the active phases of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Cumulative data also suggest the potential for dietary manipulation in avoiding IBD relapse. However, there is a paucity of dietary data from patients in clinical remission to guide such an approach. Our study aimed to characterize the dietary pattern and adequacy of patients with IBD in clinical remission. Data on dietary intake (three alternate 24 h food records) were collected from 40 patients with IBD (20 CD and 20 UC) and 45 gender-matched healthy controls (HC). Statistical comparisons between patients and controls employed Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U, chi-squared, and Fisher’s exact tests. The adequacy of dietary intake of IBD patients was further studied by assessing the nutrient inadequacy prevalence, estimated using the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) framework and the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) parameter. We observed significant dietary imbalances among patients with IBD compared to the HC group, marked by disparities in both macronutrient and micronutrient intakes. Inadequacies with frequencies >80% were observed for the ingestion of total fiber and 13 micronutrients in IBD patients. Our preliminary findings suggest that imbalanced dietary intake is also characteristic among individuals with IBD during clinical remission, corroborating the need for dietary interventions in this population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Malnutrition and Gastrointestinal Disease)
17 pages, 610 KiB  
Article
Myostatin and Activin A as Biomarkers of Sarcopenia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients
by Małgorzata Godala, Ewelina Gaszyńska, Konrad Walczak and Ewa Małecka-Wojciesko
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 810; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16060810 - 12 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1788
Abstract
The prevalence of sarcopenia in inflammatory bowel disease patients has received increasing attention. The aim of this study is to assess the usefulness of determining levels of myostatin (MSTN) and activin A (Act A) as potential markers of disease activity and occurrence of [...] Read more.
The prevalence of sarcopenia in inflammatory bowel disease patients has received increasing attention. The aim of this study is to assess the usefulness of determining levels of myostatin (MSTN) and activin A (Act A) as potential markers of disease activity and occurrence of sarcopenia in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis patients. The case-control study included 82 patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. The control group consisted of 25 healthy volunteers. The serum levels of myostatin and activin A were determined by the quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on the EWGSOP2 criteria. The study found lower levels of myostatin and activin A in the IBD patients. There were significantly lower levels of myostatin (80.6 pg/mL vs. 186.2 pg/mL; p = 0.0364) as well as activin A (32.1 pg/mL vs. 35.2 pg/mL; p = 0.0132) in the IBD patients with sarcopenia compared to those without sarcopenia. Positive correlations were found between MSTN levels and Muscle Mass Index (rho = 0.31; p < 0.005) and hand grip strength (rho = 0.34, p < 0.05) in the IBD patients. The determination of serum levels of MSTN and Act A may be useful in the early diagnosis of sarcopenia in IBD patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Malnutrition and Gastrointestinal Disease)
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Review

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16 pages, 2003 KiB  
Review
Examining the Association Between Overweight, Obesity, and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Chun En Yau, Gwendolyn Shan Jing Lim, Asher Yu Han Ang, Yu Liang Lim, Orlanda Qi Mei Goh, Kewin Tien Ho Siah and Qin Xiang Ng
Nutrients 2024, 16(23), 3984; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233984 - 21 Nov 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1011
Abstract
Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common yet debilitating disorder of gut–brain interaction, characterized by gut–brain axis dysregulation, visceral hypersensitivity, and other comorbidities. Obesity has been hypothesized to be a risk factor linked to IBS, albeit evidence remains conflicting. Given the growing [...] Read more.
Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common yet debilitating disorder of gut–brain interaction, characterized by gut–brain axis dysregulation, visceral hypersensitivity, and other comorbidities. Obesity has been hypothesized to be a risk factor linked to IBS, albeit evidence remains conflicting. Given the growing global prevalence of obesity and IBS, we performed a meta-analysis examining their purported association. Methods: Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify studies reporting the prevalence and odds ratios (ORs) of IBS according to BMI categories. Random effects meta-analyses were used for the primary analysis. Results: From 1713 articles, 27 studies were included. Our findings showed that using study-defined categories for overweight, obese, and normal BMI, the odds of the diagnosis of IBS were not associated with overweight (OR 1.02; 95% CI 0.89 to 1.17; p = 0.772) or obese BMI (OR 1.11; 95% CI 0.91 to 1.37; p = 0.309). The meta-analysis of study-reported adjusted odds ratios of IBS among individuals living with overweight or obesity also did not yield significant results. Further sensitivity analysis by the Rome criteria demonstrated a statistically significant association between obese BMI and IBS in studies using the Rome IV criteria (OR 1.59; 95% CI 1.13 to 2.23; p < 0.01), with significant subgroup difference between studies using the Rome II, Rome III, and Rome IV criteria. Further sensitivity analysis using the different cut-off values and subgroup analysis by geographical territory did not yield significant associations. Conclusions: In summary, excess body weight may not be a primary driver of IBS risk. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies that account for changes in weight and other lifestyle factors, as well as detailed mechanistic investigations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Malnutrition and Gastrointestinal Disease)
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22 pages, 2055 KiB  
Review
Parenteral Nutrition, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Gut Barrier: An Intricate Plot
by Carlo Covello, Guia Becherucci, Federica Di Vincenzo, Angelo Del Gaudio, Marco Pizzoferrato, Giovanni Cammarota, Antonio Gasbarrini, Franco Scaldaferri and Maria Chiara Mentella
Nutrients 2024, 16(14), 2288; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16142288 - 17 Jul 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2604
Abstract
Malnutrition poses a critical challenge in inflammatory bowel disease, with the potential to detrimentally impact medical treatment, surgical outcomes, and general well-being. Parenteral nutrition is crucial in certain clinical scenarios, such as with patients suffering from short bowel syndrome, intestinal insufficiency, high-yielding gastrointestinal [...] Read more.
Malnutrition poses a critical challenge in inflammatory bowel disease, with the potential to detrimentally impact medical treatment, surgical outcomes, and general well-being. Parenteral nutrition is crucial in certain clinical scenarios, such as with patients suffering from short bowel syndrome, intestinal insufficiency, high-yielding gastrointestinal fistula, or complete small bowel obstruction, to effectively manage malnutrition. Nevertheless, research over the years has attempted to define the potential effects of parenteral nutrition on the intestinal barrier and the composition of the gut microbiota. In this narrative review, we have gathered and analyzed findings from both preclinical and clinical studies on this topic. Based on existing evidence, there is a clear correlation between short- and long-term parenteral nutrition and negative effects on the intestinal system. These include mucosal atrophic damage and immunological and neuroendocrine dysregulation, as well as alterations in gut barrier permeability and microbiota composition. However, the mechanistic role of these changes in inflammatory bowel disease remains unclear. Therefore, further research is necessary to effectively address the numerous gaps and unanswered questions pertaining to these issues. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Malnutrition and Gastrointestinal Disease)
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