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Beyond the Standard Models of Physics and Cosmology
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Beyond the Standard Models of Physics and Cosmology

A special issue of Physics (ISSN 2624-8174). This special issue belongs to the section "High Energy Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 18004

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Maxim Y. Khlopov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. President and Full Professor, Center for Cosmoparticle Physics "Cosmion", National Research Nuclear University "Moscow Engineering Physics Institute", Moscow, Russia
2. Virtual Institute of Astroparticle Physics, 75018 Paris, France
3. Principal Researcher, Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov on Don, Russia
Interests: cosmology; particle physics; beyond standard models; cosmoparticle physics; dark matter; primordial black holes; antimatter
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Physics beyond the standard models (BSM) provides the physical basis of the new standard models of the inflationary Universe with baryosynthesis, dark matter/energy. The models of BSM predict new particles and fields that lead to experimental physical effects, as well as observable astrophysical and cosmological effects. The models of BSM physics and the nontrivial features of their indirect physical, cosmological, and astrophysical effects are the subject of the present Special Issue. Such features involve, but are not limited to, a wide range of models of the BSM physics, their impact on the evolution of the very early Universe and their observational signatures in the modern Unvierse, direct and indirect probes for the physics of dark matter, as well as experimental collider and non-accelerator effects of new physics.

The purpose of the 2020 issue of the Bled Workshop series "What Comes Beyond the Standard Models?" is not only to present new results on this subject, but also to clarify all the points in extensive non-formal discussions. The 2020 issue of the Bled Workshop series extends the platform for such discussions to the present Special Issue, inviting not only authors of the selected presentations at this Workshop but also any other interested contributors. In our Special Issue we also plan to provide a platform for the debuts of young scientists in their studies in particle physics and cosmology beyond the standard models.

Prof. Dr. Maxim Yu. Khlopov
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cosmoparticle physics
  • cosmology and particle physics
  • physics of dark matter and the early Universe
  • physics beyond the standard models

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

6 pages, 1344 KiB  
Communication
Cosmological Formation of (2 + 1)-Dimensional Soliton Structures in Models Possessing Potentials with Local Peaks
by Boris S. Murygin, Alexander A. Kirillov and Valery V. Nikulin
Physics 2021, 3(3), 563-568; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics3030035 - 2 Aug 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1808
Abstract
Production of domain walls and string-like solitons in the model with two real scalar fields and potential with at least one saddle point and a local maximum is considered. The model is regarded as 2-dimensional spatial slices of 3-dimensional entire structures. It is [...] Read more.
Production of domain walls and string-like solitons in the model with two real scalar fields and potential with at least one saddle point and a local maximum is considered. The model is regarded as 2-dimensional spatial slices of 3-dimensional entire structures. It is shown that, in the early Universe, both types of solitons may appear. In addition, the qualitative estimate of the domain walls and strings formation probabilities is presented. It is found that the probability of the formation of string-like solitons is suppressed compared to that of domain walls. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beyond the Standard Models of Physics and Cosmology)
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7 pages, 528 KiB  
Article
Dynamics of a Homogeneous and Isotropic Space in Pure Cubic f(R) Gravity
by Polina Petriakova
Physics 2021, 3(2), 379-385; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics3020027 - 18 May 2021
Viewed by 2417
Abstract
The possible ways of dynamics of a homogeneous and isotropic space described by the Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker metric in the framework of cubic in the Ricci scalar f(R) gravity in the absence of matter are considered. This paper points towards an effective [...] Read more.
The possible ways of dynamics of a homogeneous and isotropic space described by the Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker metric in the framework of cubic in the Ricci scalar f(R) gravity in the absence of matter are considered. This paper points towards an effective method for limiting the parameters of extended gravity models. A method for f(R)-gravity models, based on the metric dynamics of various model parameters in the simplest example is proposed. The influence of the parameters and initial conditions on further dynamics are discussed. The parameters can be limited by (i) slow growth of space, (ii) instability and (iii) divergence with the inflationary scenario. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beyond the Standard Models of Physics and Cosmology)
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7 pages, 473 KiB  
Communication
The Merger Rate of Black Holes in a Primordial Black Hole Cluster
by Viktor D. Stasenko and Alexander A. Kirillov
Physics 2021, 3(2), 372-378; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics3020026 - 17 May 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2568
Abstract
In this paper, the merger rate of black holes in a cluster of primordial black holes (PBHs) is investigated. The clusters have characteristics close to those of typical globular star clusters. A cluster that has a wide mass spectrum ranging from [...] Read more.
In this paper, the merger rate of black holes in a cluster of primordial black holes (PBHs) is investigated. The clusters have characteristics close to those of typical globular star clusters. A cluster that has a wide mass spectrum ranging from 10−2 to 10M⊙ (Solar mass) and contains a massive central black hole of the mass M•=103M⊙ is considered. It is shown that in the process of the evolution of cluster, the merger rate changed significantly, and by now, the PBH clusters have passed the stage of active merging of the black holes inside them. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beyond the Standard Models of Physics and Cosmology)
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15 pages, 362 KiB  
Article
Entropy Production Due to Electroweak Phase Transition in the Framework of Two Higgs Doublet Model
by Arnab Chaudhuri and Maxim Yu. Khlopov
Physics 2021, 3(2), 275-289; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics3020020 - 29 Apr 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2405
Abstract
We revisit the possibility of first order electroweak phase transition (EWPT) in one of the simplest extensions of the Standard Model scalar sector, namely the two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM). We take into account the ensuing constraints from the electroweak precision tests, Higgs signal strengths [...] Read more.
We revisit the possibility of first order electroweak phase transition (EWPT) in one of the simplest extensions of the Standard Model scalar sector, namely the two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM). We take into account the ensuing constraints from the electroweak precision tests, Higgs signal strengths and the recent LHC bounds from direct scalar searches. By studying the vacuum transition in 2HDM, we discuss in detail the entropy released in the first order EWPT in various parameter planes of a 2HDM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beyond the Standard Models of Physics and Cosmology)
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25 pages, 3088 KiB  
Article
Scattering on Quasi-Spherical Black-Holes: Features and Beyond
by Adam M. Arslanaliev and Alexei J. Nurmagambetov
Physics 2021, 3(1), 17-41; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics3010004 - 28 Jan 2021
Viewed by 3265
Abstract
Recent developments in the gravitational waves interferometry require more pertinent theoretical models of gravitational waves generation and propagation. Untouched possible mechanisms of spin-2 spacetime perturbations production, we will consider their subsequent scattering on other black holes (BHs). Specifically, we consider a generalization of [...] Read more.
Recent developments in the gravitational waves interferometry require more pertinent theoretical models of gravitational waves generation and propagation. Untouched possible mechanisms of spin-2 spacetime perturbations production, we will consider their subsequent scattering on other black holes (BHs). Specifically, we consider a generalization of the Regge-Wheeler-Zerilli equations for the case of distorted BHs (BHs surrounded with matter) in Minkowski and Anti-de Sitter spacetimes, the metric potential of which obeys the Liouville equation. We establish significant differences in scattering characteristics of waves of different spins and angular momenta, including the gravitational waves, caused by losing the spherical symmetry of their propagation background. In particular, we demonstrate the strong impact of the background geometry deformation on the grey-body factors, hence on the absorption cross-sections of scattering waves, and explore the issue of stability of the background geometry upon changing the deformation degree parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beyond the Standard Models of Physics and Cosmology)
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15 pages, 289 KiB  
Article
Antimatter Gravity: Second Quantization and Lagrangian Formalism
by Ulrich D. Jentschura
Physics 2020, 2(3), 397-411; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics2030022 - 3 Sep 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3234
Abstract
The application of the CPT (charge-conjugation, parity, and time reversal) theorem to an apple falling on Earth leads to the description of an anti-apple falling on anti–Earth (not on Earth). On the microscopic level, the Dirac equation in curved space-time simultaneously describes spin- [...] Read more.
The application of the CPT (charge-conjugation, parity, and time reversal) theorem to an apple falling on Earth leads to the description of an anti-apple falling on anti–Earth (not on Earth). On the microscopic level, the Dirac equation in curved space-time simultaneously describes spin-1/2 particles and their antiparticles coupled to the same curved space-time metric (e.g., the metric describing the gravitational field of the Earth). On the macroscopic level, the electromagnetically and gravitationally coupled Dirac equation therefore describes apples and anti-apples, falling on Earth, simultaneously. A particle-to-antiparticle transformation of the gravitationally coupled Dirac equation therefore yields information on the behavior of “anti-apples on Earth”. However, the problem is exacerbated by the fact that the operation of charge conjugation is much more complicated in curved, as opposed to flat, space-time. Our treatment is based on second-quantized field operators and uses the Lagrangian formalism. As an additional helpful result, prerequisite to our calculations, we establish the general form of the Dirac adjoint in curved space-time. On the basis of a theorem, we refute the existence of tiny, but potentially important, particle-antiparticle symmetry breaking terms in which possible existence has been investigated in the literature. Consequences for antimatter gravity experiments are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beyond the Standard Models of Physics and Cosmology)
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