Chemical Analysis, Bioactivity, and Application of Essential Oils

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 1464

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Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Moulay Ismail University, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
Interests: phytochemistry; organic chemistry; biochemistry; analytical chemistry; environmental engineering; materials engineering; chemical engineering
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Secondary metabolites found in aromatic plants form intricate combinations that are increasingly capturing attention. These mixtures are intricate due to their composition, comprising tens or even hundreds of molecules with similar carbon structures, often present in trace amounts. The utilization of these intricate natural blends involves several stages: (i) characterizing their chemical makeup through dependable analytical techniques, (ii) assessing their biological effects, and (iii) exploring their applications across different domains. However, adapting sample preparation procedures is essential, considering the constituents' nature and the matrix under study. Notably, extracting active compounds from essential oils demands the development of reliable and consistent experimental protocols.

In light of this, the primary aim of this special issue, titled "Chemical Analysis, Bioactivity, and Application of Essential Oils," is to compile recent research advancements in this field. It seeks to broaden our understanding of essential oils and provides an interdisciplinary platform for researchers to share their latest scientific endeavors regarding the isolation, characterization, bioactivity, and application of essential oils and their pure components.

Prof. Dr. Lhou Majidi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • aromatic plants
  • extraction
  • essential oils
  • analytical techniques
  • characterization
  • bioactivity

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 2539 KiB  
Article
Chemical and Biological Properties of Different Romanian Populations of Hyssopus officinalis Correlated via Molecular Docking
by Ilinca Merima Imbrea, Magdalena Osiceanu, Anca Hulea, Mukhtar Adeiza Suleiman, Iuliana Popescu, Doris Floares (Oarga), Emilian Onisan, Alina-Georgeta Neacșu, Cosmin Alin Popescu, Calin Hulea, Georgeta Pop, Simona Niță, Florin Imbrea and Diana Obistioiu
Plants 2024, 13(22), 3259; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13223259 - 20 Nov 2024
Viewed by 273
Abstract
This study compares three Romanian Hyssopus officinalis species—H. officinalis f. ruber (HOR), H. officinalis f. albus (HOA), and H. officinalis f. cyaneus (HOC)—evaluating their chemical composition and biological activities, specifically protein denaturation, haemolysis inhibition, and antibacterial effects. Chemical profiles were determined using [...] Read more.
This study compares three Romanian Hyssopus officinalis species—H. officinalis f. ruber (HOR), H. officinalis f. albus (HOA), and H. officinalis f. cyaneus (HOC)—evaluating their chemical composition and biological activities, specifically protein denaturation, haemolysis inhibition, and antibacterial effects. Chemical profiles were determined using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The species were cultivated at two distinct locations: the Didactic and Experimental Station DESUSVT and the Agricultural Research and Development Station Lovrin (ARDSL). This study investigates the correlation between chemical composition, biological activities, and local climate data at each site. The results show significant variations in chemical profiles, with species and cultivation location influencing the biological activities. H. officinalis f. albus (HOA) exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria. The molecular docking analysis highlighted key compounds, such as cyclohexene,4-isopropenyl-1-methoxymethoxymethyl and elemol, with binding solid affinities to microbial and inflammatory proteins. This study provides valuable insights into the chemical and biological properties of Hyssopus officinalis, emphasising its potential in combating microbial infections, protein denaturation, and haemolysis inhibition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemical Analysis, Bioactivity, and Application of Essential Oils)
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18 pages, 590 KiB  
Article
Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Anti-Enzymatic Activities, and In Vitro Insecticidal Potential of Origanum compactum (Benth.) Essential Oils
by Mohamed Ouknin, Hassan Alahyane, Jean Costa and Lhou Majidi
Plants 2024, 13(17), 2424; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13172424 - 30 Aug 2024
Viewed by 813
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the variation in the chemical composition of Origanum compactum essential oils (EOs) from four geographically distinct locations. Additionally, we evaluated their antioxidant properties and potential inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), tyrosinase, and α-glucosidase enzymes and their insecticidal proprieties. [...] Read more.
This study aimed to investigate the variation in the chemical composition of Origanum compactum essential oils (EOs) from four geographically distinct locations. Additionally, we evaluated their antioxidant properties and potential inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), tyrosinase, and α-glucosidase enzymes and their insecticidal proprieties. Notably, this research also marks the first examination of the mineral composition of O. compactum. The chemical composition was determined using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which identified thymol (28.72–80.39%), carvacrol (6.54–61.84%), p-cymene (0.27–8.64%), linalool (1.44–1.96%), and caryophyllene oxide (1.34–1.56%) as the major constituents. Concurrently, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) revealed significant levels of macro and microelements, including calcium (295.50–512.20 mg/kg), potassium (195.99–398.45 mg/kg), magnesium (59.70–98.45 mg/kg), and iron (43.55–112.60 mg/kg). The EOs demonstrated notable antiradical activities through DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), and β-carotene bleaching assays. Regarding the insecticidal effect, all studied essential oils showed a significant toxicity against C. capitata adults, and the toxicity was dose and time dependent. The highest insecticidal effect was observed for O. compactum essential oils collected from Gouman (LC50 = 2.515 µL/mL, LC90 = 5.502 µL/mL) after 48 h of treatment. Furthermore, at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, the EOs exhibited strong inhibitory effects against AChE (84.75–94.01%), tyrosinase (84.75–94.01%), and α-glucosidase (79.90–87.80%), highlighting their potential as natural inhibitors of these enzymes. The essential oils of O. compactum contain components that could be used as a basis for synthetizing derivatives or analogs with potential medicinal applications and pest control properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemical Analysis, Bioactivity, and Application of Essential Oils)
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