Relevance of Plant Phytochemicals in the Promotion of Human Health

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 7255

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas”, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
Interests: pharmacology; toxicology; chemoprevention
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Guest Editor
Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Institute of Health Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
Interests: natural products

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A range of evidence has demonstrated that plants perform an important role in the care and improvement of human health. The World Health Organization estimates that more than 80% of the Earth’s inhabitants depend on or have used traditional medicine/complementary and alternative medicine (TCAM) for their primary health care needs, conceptualizing TCAM as any practice, knowledge, and belief on health that incorporates medicine based on plants, animals, and/or minerals, spiritual therapies, manual techniques, and exercises applied individually or in combination to maintain wellbeing. Different positive factors generate its continuous acceptance, highlighting its diversity, flexibility, easy access, relatively low cost and, importantly, the presence of relatively low adverse toxic effects in comparison with allopathic medicine, where these effects are frequently attributed to synthetic drugs. An essential part of this beneficial impact is attributed to the presence of phytochemicals or bioactive compounds, classified as terpenoids (carotenoids, sterols), fibers, polysaccharides, saponins, organosulfur compounds (isothiocyanates, indoles), alkaloids, and phenolics compounds (flavonoids, stilbenes, coumarins, tannins, phenolic acids) that jointly or individually have demonstrated the ability to prevent and/or treat different pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, hypertension, atherosclerosis, chronic respiratory diseases, osteoporosis, and cancer. In recent decades, its popularization and scientific interest has grown, with the purpose to identify new phytochemicals, study their protective and/or therapeutic effects, and establish the mechanisms of action involved, especially those related to their antioxidant capacity. The present Special Issue of Plants aims to give a forum to researchers and academicians to show their interest in the mentioned fields. Therefore, please accept a cordial invitation to submit original research articles or comprehensive review articles to be included in this Special Issue.

Dr. Eduardo Osiris Madrigal-Santillán
Dr. Jeannett Alejandra Izquierdo-Vega
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • plants
  • pharmacology
  • toxicology
  • pharmacognosy
  • natural products
  • phytochemicals
  • chemopreventive mechanisms
  • antioxidant agents
  • oxidative stress
  • toxicological genetics

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 4042 KiB  
Article
Antitumor Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate and Vincristine in Mice with L5178Y Lymphoma
by Georgina Almaguer, Gustavo Almaguer-Vargas, Eva María Molina-Trinidad, Marco Antonio Becerril-Flores, Brenda Montejano, Eduardo Madrigal-Santillan, Alejandra Hernández-Ceruelos, Ana Hilda Figueroa-Gutiérrez, Ethoan Montejano and José Ramón Montejano-Rodríguez
Plants 2023, 12(21), 3757; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12213757 - 2 Nov 2023
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Abstract
The main objective of research into new therapies is the search for more efficacy and fewer toxic effects in cancer treatments. On one hand, vincristine (VCR) is a chemotherapeutic used in different kinds of tumors. On the other hand, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is [...] Read more.
The main objective of research into new therapies is the search for more efficacy and fewer toxic effects in cancer treatments. On one hand, vincristine (VCR) is a chemotherapeutic used in different kinds of tumors. On the other hand, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a green tea metabolite that has shown an antineoplastic effect in diverse investigations, so the objective of this work is to evaluate the antitumor effects of the EGCG/VCR combination on tumor volume and survival. To achieve this objective, the solid model of lymphoma L5178Y was used in BALB/c mice with different doses of VCR, EGCG, and their combination allowed tumor growth and survival time recording. After tumor collection, measurements, and immunohistochemistry for p53, Bcl2, and Cyclin D1 were performed. The results showed that the EGCG/vincristine combination had a greater antitumor effect than those effects of vincristine and EGCG. It can be attributed to the fact that the greatest inhibition of Bcl2 was present in gathering of EGCG harvest with vincristine. Therefore, the combination of EGCG with vincristine has a better antineoplastic effect by inhibiting tumor development and increasing survival on both substances independently. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Relevance of Plant Phytochemicals in the Promotion of Human Health)
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18 pages, 2891 KiB  
Article
Chiranthodendron pentadactylon Larreat (Sterculiaceae), a Potential Nephroprotector against Oxidative Damage Provoked by STZ-Induced Hyperglycemia in Rats
by Eira Santiago-Balmaseda, David Segura-Cobos, María Eugenia Garín-Aguilar, Rubén San Miguel-Chávez, José Melesio Cristóbal-Luna, Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán, Gabriel Alfonso Gutierrez-Rebolledo, Germán Alberto Chamorro-Cevallos and Ricardo Pérez-Pastén-Borja
Plants 2023, 12(20), 3572; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12203572 - 14 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1553
Abstract
Background: Chiranthodendron pentadactylon, known in Mexico as the “tree of the little hands”, flower’s infusion is used to treat kidney failure associated with diseases such as diabetes. The aim of this work is to evaluate the antioxidant effect of the methanolic extract [...] Read more.
Background: Chiranthodendron pentadactylon, known in Mexico as the “tree of the little hands”, flower’s infusion is used to treat kidney failure associated with diseases such as diabetes. The aim of this work is to evaluate the antioxidant effect of the methanolic extract of its flowers on oxidative damage in kidneys caused by streptozotocin in rats. Methods: The extract phytochemical profile was performed with HPLC. Antioxidant potential in vitro was determined with DPPH and total phenolic tests; antioxidant evaluation in vivo was performed in diabetic rats administered daily via the intragastric route (100 and 200 mg/kg) for 6 weeks; serum glucose/creatinine, food/water consumption, and urinary volume were measured. Relative weight, protein/DNA ratios and oxidative stress were measured in renal tissue. Results: The extract showed 20.53% of total phenolic content and IC50 of 18.05 µg/mL in DPPH, and this was associated with ferulic acid, phloretin and α-amyrin. Both doses showed a moderate decrease in the protein/DNA ratio in renal tissue, and the same behavior was observed for total urinary protein loss and serum creatinine, while the best antioxidant effect was exerted by a lower dose, which increased catalase activity and decreased lipid peroxidation in the kidneys. Conclusions: Results demonstrated that C. pentadactylon methanolic flower’s extract improves renal function through antioxidant mechanisms during experimental diabetes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Relevance of Plant Phytochemicals in the Promotion of Human Health)
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Review

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19 pages, 870 KiB  
Review
Plants of the Rubiaceae Family with Effect on Metabolic Syndrome: Constituents, Pharmacology, and Molecular Targets
by Fabiola González-Castelazo, Luis E. Soria-Jasso, Ivan Torre-Villalvazo, Raquel Cariño-Cortés, Víctor M. Muñoz-Pérez, Mario I. Ortiz and Eduardo Fernández-Martínez
Plants 2023, 12(20), 3583; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12203583 - 15 Oct 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3893
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) predisposes individuals to chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like type 2 diabetes (T2D), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disorders caused by systemic inflammation, intestinal dysbiosis, and diminished antioxidant ability, leading to oxidative stress and compromised insulin sensitivity across vital [...] Read more.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) predisposes individuals to chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like type 2 diabetes (T2D), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disorders caused by systemic inflammation, intestinal dysbiosis, and diminished antioxidant ability, leading to oxidative stress and compromised insulin sensitivity across vital organs. NCDs present a global health challenge characterized by lengthy and costly pharmacological treatments. Complementary and alternative medicine using herbal therapies has gained popularity. Approximately 350,000 plant species are considered medicinal, with 80% of the world’s population opting for traditional remedies; however, only 21,000 plants are scientifically confirmed by the WHO. The Rubiaceae family is promissory for preventing and treating MetS and associated NCDs due to its rich content of metabolites renowned for their antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic regulatory properties. These compounds influence transcription factors and mitigate chronic low-grade inflammation, liver lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance, making them a cost-effective non-pharmacological approach for MetS prevention and treatment. This review aims to collect and update data that validate the traditional uses of the Rubiaceae family for treating MetS and associated NCDs from experimental models and human subjects, highlighting the mechanisms through which their extracts and metabolites modulate glucose and lipid metabolism at the molecular, biochemical, and physiological levels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Relevance of Plant Phytochemicals in the Promotion of Human Health)
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