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Wheat–Pest Interaction: From Biology to Integrated Management
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Wheat–Pest Interaction: From Biology to Integrated Management

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Protection and Biotic Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2022) | Viewed by 14701

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Julian Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
Interests: wheat insect pests biology; insect-plant-natural enemy interactions; molecular mechanism of wheat resistace to pest; chemical ecology; wheat pest integrated management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yong Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
Interests: insect pest–plant interactions; resistance germplasm resource identification; plant pest resistance mechanisms; aphid effectors; host plant adaptability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important crops worldwide and provides almost 20% of the calories consumed by humans. Wheat insect pests, including cereal aphids, wheat midges, and underground pests, threaten wheat yield and quality. Conventional chemical pesticide application contributes to increasing wheat yields, but it causes a severe negative impact on the environment and human health. It is necessary to establish effective and environmentally friendly management strategies for wheat insect pest control through ecological and behavioral regulations and biological control, which need to understand the wheat–insect pest interactions. Therefore, this Special Issue will highlight the identification of wheat plant resistance germplasms and their mechanisms, induced plant defense, effectors involved in modulating plant immunity, potential uses and mechanisms of plant volatiles for push–pull technology, and wheat and other plant intercropping and biodiversity strategies for pest control. This Special Issue will also focus on the effects of global climate change on wheat–pest–natural enemy interactions in wheat ecosystems. 

Prof. Dr. Julian Chen
Dr. Yong Zhang
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • wheat–insect pest interaction
  • plant resistance
  • aphid effector/elicitor
  • chemical ecology
  • biodiversity strategy
  • climate change biology

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 1664 KiB  
Article
Developmental, Reproduction, and Feeding Preferences of the Sitobion avenae Mediated by Soil Silicon Application
by Xiaoru Wang, Weiwei Li, Jia Yan, Yi Wang, Xingyan Zhang, Xiaoling Tan and Julian Chen
Plants 2023, 12(5), 989; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12050989 - 21 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1449
Abstract
Silicon occupies an important position in the nutrient requirements of wheat. It has been reported that silicon enhances plant resistance to phytophagous insects. However, only limited research has been carried out on the effects of silicon application to wheat and Sitobion avenae populations. [...] Read more.
Silicon occupies an important position in the nutrient requirements of wheat. It has been reported that silicon enhances plant resistance to phytophagous insects. However, only limited research has been carried out on the effects of silicon application to wheat and Sitobion avenae populations. In this study, three silicon fertilizer concentrations were treated for potted wheat seedlings, including 0 g/L, 1 g/L, and 2 g/L of water-soluble silicon fertilizer solution. The effect of silicon application on the developmental period, longevity, reproduction, wing pattern differentiation, and other vital life table parameters of the S. avenae were determined. The cage method and the Petri dish isolated leaf method were used to determine the effect of silicon application on the feeding preference of the winged and wingless aphid. The results showed silicon application had no significant effect on the aphid instar of 1–4; although, 2 g/L silicon fertilizer prolonged the nymph stage and 1 and 2 g/L of silicon application all shortened the adult stage and reduced the longevity and fertility of the aphid. Two instances of silicon application reduced the net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), and finite rate of increase (λ) of the aphid. A 2 g/L silicon application prolonged the population doubling time (td), significantly reduced the mean generation time (T), and increased the proportion of winged aphids. The results also demonstrated that the selection ratio of winged aphids in wheat leaves treated with 1 g/L and 2 g/L silicon was reduced by 8.61% and 17.88%, respectively. The number of aphids on leaves treated with 2 g/L silicon was significantly reduced at 48 and 72 h of aphids released, and the application of silicon to wheat was detrimental to the feeding preference of S. avenae. Therefore, the application of silicon at 2 g/L to wheat has an inhibitory effect on the life parameters and feeding preference of S. avenae. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wheat–Pest Interaction: From Biology to Integrated Management)
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14 pages, 4146 KiB  
Article
Population Growth of Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda Fed on Cereal and Pulse Host Plants Cultivated in Yunnan Province, China
by Kifle Gebreegziabiher Gebretsadik, Ying Liu, Yanqiong Yin, Xueqing Zhao, Xiangyong Li, Fushou Chen, Yong Zhang, Julian Chen and Aidong Chen
Plants 2023, 12(4), 950; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12040950 - 20 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2381
Abstract
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda is a major agricultural pest in China, and has migrated from its continuous breeding area to other parts of China. In our study, the biological behaviors of S. frugiperda fed on maize, wheat, barley, faba beans, and soya [...] Read more.
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda is a major agricultural pest in China, and has migrated from its continuous breeding area to other parts of China. In our study, the biological behaviors of S. frugiperda fed on maize, wheat, barley, faba beans, and soya beans were evaluated in a growth chamber. Results indicated that maize-fed S. frugiperda larvae performed well, as evidenced by shorter larva-adult periods, adult pre-oviposition period (APOP), total pre-oviposition period (TPOP), and generation time (T), and a higher survival rate, intrinsic (r) and finite (λ) rate of increase, and net reproductive rate (Ro), However, S. frugiperda larvae performed weakly when fed barley and faba bean plants, as indicated by lower survival rates, r, and λ, and longer pre-adult period, TPOP, and T. A heavier pupal weight of both sexes was recorded on faba beans (0.202 g) and a lighter weight on barley (0.169 g). Fecundity was higher when fed faba beans and maize, and lower when fed wheat and barley. Thus, maize was the most optimal and barley was the least optimal host plant, followed by faba beans, for S. frugiperda larvae growth and development. This study enhances our knowledge of S. frugiperda in these host plants and can help in the design of management approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wheat–Pest Interaction: From Biology to Integrated Management)
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10 pages, 3333 KiB  
Article
Efficacy of Imidacloprid Seed Treatments against Four Wheat Aphids under Laboratory and Field Conditions
by Zhi Zhang, Yaping Li, Xiangrui Li, Xun Zhu and Yunhui Zhang
Plants 2023, 12(2), 238; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020238 - 4 Jan 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1809
Abstract
Imidacloprid seed treatments are effective at reducing the cohorts of many insect pests on crops such as cotton, corn, and cereals. The effects of imidacloprid seed treatments depend on the aphid species. In China, there are four wheat aphid species—Sitobion avenae (Fabricius), [...] Read more.
Imidacloprid seed treatments are effective at reducing the cohorts of many insect pests on crops such as cotton, corn, and cereals. The effects of imidacloprid seed treatments depend on the aphid species. In China, there are four wheat aphid species—Sitobion avenae (Fabricius), Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), and Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker)—and for a given region, these four aphid species differ in dominance with changes in cultivation practices and climate. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of imidacloprid seed treatments on the four different aphid species. In experiments in the laboratory, imidacloprid seed treatments significantly reduced the survival rates of S. avenae, R. padi, and S. graminum to 57.33 ± 2.86%, 12.67 ± 1.92%, and 20.66 ± 2.33%, respectively, but for M. dirhodum, there was no significant difference between the control (96.33 ± 1.08%) and the treatment (97.00 ± 0.98%). The fecundities of the four aphid species were much reduced, especially for R. padi when feeding on treated wheat plants. For the field survey, only three aphid species were considered because the density of S. graminum was too low to be analyzed. The effects of imidacloprid seed treatment on the three aphid species in the field were consistent with the laboratory results. Imidacloprid seed treatment reduced the population sizes of S. avenae and R. padi at rates of 70.30 ± 3.15% and 87.62 ± 2.28%, respectively, for the whole wheat season in the field. For M. dirhodum, imidacloprid seed treatments were less effective, and the densities of M. dirhodum increased on four sample days. From this study, we confirmed that the effect of imidacloprid seed treatment varied with the composition of aphid species, being especially less effective for M. dirhodum. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wheat–Pest Interaction: From Biology to Integrated Management)
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12 pages, 2490 KiB  
Article
Exogenous Application of a Plant Elicitor Induces Volatile Emission in Wheat and Enhances the Attraction of an Aphid Parasitoid Aphidius gifuensis
by Dianzhao Xiao, Jiahui Liu, Yulong Liu, Yiwei Wang, Yidi Zhan and Yong Liu
Plants 2022, 11(24), 3496; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11243496 - 13 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2272
Abstract
It is well known that plant elicitors can induce plant defense against pests. The herbivore-induced plant volatile (HIPV) methyl salicylate (MeSA), as a signaling hormone involved in plant pathogen defense, is used to recruit natural enemies to protect wheat and other crops. However, [...] Read more.
It is well known that plant elicitors can induce plant defense against pests. The herbivore-induced plant volatile (HIPV) methyl salicylate (MeSA), as a signaling hormone involved in plant pathogen defense, is used to recruit natural enemies to protect wheat and other crops. However, the defense mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, the headspace volatiles of wheat plants were collected and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC−MS), gas chromatography with electroantennographic detection (GC−EAD) and principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that exogenous application of MeSA induced qualitative and quantitative changes in the volatiles emitted from wheat plants, and these changes were mainly related to Carveol, Linalool, m-Diethyl-benzene, p-Cymene, Nonanal, D-limonene and 6-methyl-5-Hepten-2-one. Then, the electroantennogram (EAG) and Y-tube bioassay were performed to test the physiological and behavioral responses of Aphidius gifuensis Ashmesd to the active volatile compounds (p-Cymene, m-Diethyl-benzene, Carveol) that identified by using GC-EAD. The female A. gifuensis showed strong physiological responses to 1 μg/μL p-Cymene and 1 μg/μL m-Diethyl-benzene. Moreover, a mixture blend was more attractive to female A. gifuensis than a single compound. These findings suggested that MeSA could induce wheat plant indirect defense against wheat aphids through attracting parasitoid in the wheat agro-ecosystem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wheat–Pest Interaction: From Biology to Integrated Management)
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23 pages, 1950 KiB  
Article
Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analysis for Identification of Endosymbiotic Bacteria Associated with BYDV Transmission Efficiency by Sitobion miscanthi
by Wenjuan Yu, Emilie Bosquée, Jia Fan, Yong Liu, Claude Bragard, Frédéric Francis and Julian Chen
Plants 2022, 11(23), 3352; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233352 - 2 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1699
Abstract
Sitobion miscanthi, an important viral vector of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), is also symbiotically associated with endosymbionts, but little is known about the interactions between endosymbionts, aphid and BYDV. Therefore, two aphids’ geographic populations, differing in their BYDV transmission efficiency, after [...] Read more.
Sitobion miscanthi, an important viral vector of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), is also symbiotically associated with endosymbionts, but little is known about the interactions between endosymbionts, aphid and BYDV. Therefore, two aphids’ geographic populations, differing in their BYDV transmission efficiency, after characterizing their endosymbionts, were treated with antibiotics to investigate how changes in the composition of their endosymbiont population affected BYDV transmission efficiency. After antibiotic treatment, Rickettsia was eliminated from two geographic populations. BYDV transmission efficiency by STY geographic population dropped significantly, by −44.2% with ampicillin and −25.01% with rifampicin, but HDZ geographic population decreased by only 14.19% with ampicillin and 23.88% with rifampicin. Transcriptomic analysis showed that the number of DEGs related to the immune system, carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism did increase in the STY rifampicin treatment, while replication and repair, glycan biosynthesis and metabolism increased in the STY ampicillin treatment. Proteomic analysis showed that the abundance of symbionin symL, nascent polypeptide−associated complex subunit alpha and proteasome differed significantly between the two geographic populations. We found that the endosymbionts can mediate vector viral transmission. They should therefore be included in investigations into aphid–virus interactions and plant disease epidemiology. Our findings should also help with the development of strategies to prevent virus transmission. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wheat–Pest Interaction: From Biology to Integrated Management)
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12 pages, 1186 KiB  
Article
Effects of Crop Resistance on the Tritrophic Interactions between Wheat Lines, Schizaphis graminum (Hemitera: Aphididae), and Propylaea japonica (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
by Xiang-Shun Hu, Jing-Wen Li, Jing-Feng Peng, Han Wang, Fan-Ye Yan, Zi-Fang Zhou, Zhan-Feng Zhang, Hui-Yan Zhao, Yi Feng and Tong-Xian Liu
Plants 2022, 11(20), 2754; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11202754 - 18 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1640
Abstract
Crop resistance and biological control are both considered efficient and environmentally friendly methods of sustainable pest control. In this study, we aimed at investigating the direct influence of four wheat lines with varying resistance level on the life-history traits of the greenbug, Schizaphis [...] Read more.
Crop resistance and biological control are both considered efficient and environmentally friendly methods of sustainable pest control. In this study, we aimed at investigating the direct influence of four wheat lines with varying resistance level on the life-history traits of the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum, and the mediational effect on the functional response of a predatory ladybird, Propylaea japonica, under laboratory conditions. Results showed that the aphid fitness was the lowest for aphids that had been feeding on wheat line ‘98-10-19’ for one year. These aphids had the longest development time, and least adult mass, minimal mean relative growth rate, and lowest reproductive fitness. In contrast, the aphids that fed on wheat line ‘98-10-30’ were the fittest, with the shortest development time and highest levels of reproductive fitness. The predatory activities of the ladybeetle, especially the adult male significantly decreased following the consumption of aphids belonging to the ‘98-10-19’-acclimated population. However, there were no significant differences in predatory efficiency (net attack frequency) among the four aphid acclimated populations. Our results showed that the wheat line ‘98-10-19’ has a relative higher resistance to S. graminum than the other three wheat lines, which could further decrease the amount of prey available for consumption. However, the ecological effect of the resistance of ‘98-10-19’ to S. graminum posed no negative influence on the biocontrol potential of P. japonica to these aphids, as their predatory efficiency increases at the fourth instar larvae phase. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wheat–Pest Interaction: From Biology to Integrated Management)
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14 pages, 1602 KiB  
Article
Screening and Evaluation for Antixenosis Resistance in Wheat Accessions and Varieties to Grain Aphid, Sitobion miscanthi (Takahashi) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
by Kifle Gebreegziabiher Gebretsadik, Yong Zhang and Julian Chen
Plants 2022, 11(8), 1094; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11081094 - 18 Apr 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2590
Abstract
The grain aphid, Sitobion miscanthi causes serious damage by removing nutritional content from wheat plants and transmitting viral diseases. The use of resistant wheat cultivars is an effective method of aphid management. To identify S. miscanthi resistant cultivars, preliminary antixenosis resistance screening was [...] Read more.
The grain aphid, Sitobion miscanthi causes serious damage by removing nutritional content from wheat plants and transmitting viral diseases. The use of resistant wheat cultivars is an effective method of aphid management. To identify S. miscanthi resistant cultivars, preliminary antixenosis resistance screening was conducted on 112 Ethiopian and 21 Chinese wheat accessions and varieties along with bioassay to test for further antixenosis resistance, identification of aphid feeding behavior using electrical penetration graph (EPG), and imaging of leaf trichome densities using a 3D microscope. According to antixenosis resistance screening, one highly-resistant, 25 moderately-resistant, and 38 slightly-resistant wheat cultivars to S. miscanthi were identified. Aphid choice tests showed that Luxuan266, 243726, and 213312 were the least preferred after 12, 24, 48, and 72 h of S. miscanthi release. Longer duration of Np, longer time to first probe, and shorter duration of E2 waveforms were recorded in Lunxuan266, 243726, and 213312 than in Beijing 837. The trichome density on adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces of Lunxuan266, 243726 and 213312 was significantly higher than on those of Beijing 837. We concluded that Lunxuan266, 243726, and 213312 were antixenosis resistant to S. miscanthi based on the choice test, EPG results, and leaf trichome densities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wheat–Pest Interaction: From Biology to Integrated Management)
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