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Polymers
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Preparation and Application of Wood Composite
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Preparation and Application of Wood Composite

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Composites and Nanocomposites".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 July 2023) | Viewed by 9617

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Nairong Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Interests: wood composites; wood adhesives; bio-resins; biomass-based adhesives; soybean-based adhesives
Prof. Dr. Antonios N. Papadopoulos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Wood Science-Chemistry & Technology, Department of Forestry & Natural Environment, School of Geotechnical Sciences, International Hellenic University, Thermi, Greece
Interests: wood; wood composites; lignocellulosic materials; chemical and thermal modification technologies; nanotechnology and nanomaterilas; adhesives
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Xiaxing Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Interests: wood plastic composites; wood based composites; biodegradable composites; supercapacitor; interface modification; flame retardant; mildew resistant; anti-aging
Dr. Lili Cai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
Interests: wood protection; wood composite materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wood composites, which are mainly composed of reinforcement wood materials and polymers, have resulted in great interest from researchers in both academic and industrial fields because of their high mechanical strength, lightweight, and low maintenance costs. Over recent years, a large number of modified wood and polymeric materials have been developed for wood composites, which are applied in various fields, including construction, marine, aerospace and automobile industries. The increasing interest in wood materials may be due to their sustainability and biodegradability with a porous and hierarchical structure, as well as the relatively low cost and ease of treatment to obtain a wide range of enhanced properties and functions for industry and civil applications after fabrication with polymers. This excitement is fostered through the convergence of chemical, polymer, and bio-material sciences, which will bring about profound changes in the way we design and produce wood composites, especially concerning the interfaces between polymeric and wood materials.

In light of this, we are organizing a Special Issue focused on high-quality original research works or comprehensive reviews on cutting-edge developments in the fields of preparation and application of wood composites; potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

  • Fabrication of wood composites;
  • Analysis of wood composites;
  • Engineering application of wood composites;
  • Polymer-based wood composites;
  • Resins with wood composites application;
  • Adhesives with wood composites application;
  • Interface between wood materials and resins;
  • Processing and performance of wood composites; 
  • Functional wood composites;
  • Biodegradability of wood composites.

Prof. Dr. Nairong Chen
Prof. Dr. Antonios N. Papadopoulos
Dr. Xiaxing Zhou
Dr. Lili Cai 
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • wood
  • resin
  • adhesive
  • composite
  • polymer
  • biomass
  • eco-friendly materials
  • bio-based polymeric materials
  • biodegradability
  • durability

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 5101 KiB  
Article
Preparation and Closed-Loop Recycling of Ultra-High-Filled Wood Flour/Dynamic Polyurethane Composites
by Shiyu Guo, Huanbo Wang, Yue Liu, Yuan Fu, Xuefeng Zhang, Bin Qi and Tian Liu
Polymers 2023, 15(6), 1418; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15061418 - 13 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1975
Abstract
The development of biomass-based composites has greatly reduced the daily consumption of plastics. However, these materials are rarely recyclable, thus, posing a severe threat to the environment. Herein, we designed and prepared novel composite materials with ultra-high biomass (i.e., wood flour) filling capacity [...] Read more.
The development of biomass-based composites has greatly reduced the daily consumption of plastics. However, these materials are rarely recyclable, thus, posing a severe threat to the environment. Herein, we designed and prepared novel composite materials with ultra-high biomass (i.e., wood flour) filling capacity and good closed-loop recycling properties. The dynamic polyurethane polymer was polymerized in situ on the surface of wood fiber, and then they were hot-pressed into composites. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMA) measurements reveal good compatibility between the polyurethane and wood flour in the composites when the wood flour content is ≤80 wt%. The maximum tensile and bending strength of the composite are 37 and 33 MPa when the wood flour content is 80%. The higher wood flour content results in higher thermal expansion stability and creep resistance in the composites. Moreover, the thermal debonding of dynamic phenol–carbamate bonds facilitates the composites to undergo physical and chemical cycling. The recycled and remolded composites exhibit good mechanical property recovery rates and retain the chemical structures of the original composites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preparation and Application of Wood Composite)
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10 pages, 1132 KiB  
Article
Properties of Table Tennis Blade from Sorghum Bagasse Particleboard Bonded with Maleic Acid Adhesive at Different Pressing Temperatures and Times
by Jajang Sutiawan, Rudi Hartono, Dede Hermawan, Yusuf Sudo Hadi, Deded Sarip Nawawi, Imam Busyra Abdillah, Alifah Syahfitri, Sukma Surya Kusumah, Danang Sudarwoko Adi, Wida Banar Kusumaningrum and Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis
Polymers 2023, 15(1), 166; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15010166 - 29 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1913
Abstract
This physical and mechanical properties of a table tennis blade made from sorghum bagasse particleboard (TTBSB-particleboard) bonded maleic acid adhesive was investigated under pressing temperature and time variations. The TTBSB-particleboard was produced via a two-stage process in this study. A pressing temperature of [...] Read more.
This physical and mechanical properties of a table tennis blade made from sorghum bagasse particleboard (TTBSB-particleboard) bonded maleic acid adhesive was investigated under pressing temperature and time variations. The TTBSB-particleboard was produced via a two-stage process in this study. A pressing temperature of 170–200 °C was used to prepare the first stage for 10 min. Following this, the second stage of the TTBSB-particleboard was produced with a different pressing time of 5–20 min. The TTBSB-particleboard had a specified target density of 0.6 g/cm3 and a size of 30 cm × 30 cm × 0.6 cm, respectively. For references concerning the tested quality of TTBSB-particleboard, the JIS A 5908-2003 standard has been used. For comparison, the commercial blades of Yuguan Wooden 1011 and Donic Original Carbo Speed were tested under the same conditions. The quality of the TTBSB-particleboard was successfully enhanced by increasing the pressing temperature (170 to 200 °C) and time (5 to 20 min). As a result, the pressing condition of 200 °C and 20 min were effective in this study. The TTBSB-particleboard in this study has a greater weight than the commercial blades of Yuguan and Donic. However, the TTBSB-particleboard in this study had a ball rebound comparable to that of the Donic blade. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preparation and Application of Wood Composite)
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9 pages, 2264 KiB  
Article
The Improvement of Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximussumatranus) Dung Particleboard Characteristics Using Bamboo Layering
by Rudi Hartono, Apri Heri Iswanto, Evalina Herawati, Reski Eka Suramana, Jajang Sutiawan, Yusup Amin and Ihak Sumardi
Polymers 2022, 14(16), 3330; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14163330 - 16 Aug 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1833
Abstract
The use of natural fibers or particles as alternative raw materials for particleboard production is essential due to the shrinking forest area. Currently, dung waste from the Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) is being used as a raw material for particleboard [...] Read more.
The use of natural fibers or particles as alternative raw materials for particleboard production is essential due to the shrinking forest area. Currently, dung waste from the Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) is being used as a raw material for particleboard due to its high fiber content. Although the product still has inferior mechanical and physical characteristics, it can be improved by layering bamboo. Therefore, this study aimed to enhance the mechanical and physical qualities of elephant dung particleboard by adding layers of bamboo. The particleboard constructed had three layers; namely, the face and back in the form of a bamboo layers, as well as the core, which was in the form of elephant dung. The elephant dung was evenly mixed with isocyanate adhesive using a spray gun, and the bamboo layers were coated with adhesive on one side of the surface. The sample was subjected to a hot press at a temperature of 150 °C and 30 kg/cm2 pressure for 10 min. Generally, JIS A 5908-2003 is the specification used to test the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard. During the experiment, the characteristics examined include density, moisture content, water absorption, thickness swelling, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, and internal bonding, which were enhanced by using layers of bamboo. The results showed that the physical properties of the particleboard with bamboo layers were a density of 0.62–0.69 g/cm3, a moisture content of 7.87–10.35%, water absorption of 38.27–68.58%, and a thickness swelling of 10.87–30.00%, which met the minimum standards of JIS A 5908-2003. The mechanical characteristics had values for the modulus of elasticity of 1952–7282 MPa, the modulus of rupture of 20.44–68.27 MPa, and the internal bonding of 0.16–0.38 MPa, which met the JIS A 5908-2003 standard. Based on these results, the particleboard with Belangke bamboo layers was the best in this study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preparation and Application of Wood Composite)
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9 pages, 2977 KiB  
Article
An Eco-Friendly Wood Adhesive Consisting of Soybean Protein and Cardanol-Based Epoxy for Wood Based Composites
by Zhiqiang Zhu, Erbing Zhang, Yijing Tu, Manyu Ye and Nairong Chen
Polymers 2022, 14(14), 2831; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14142831 - 12 Jul 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3053
Abstract
Formaldehyde-derived wood adhesives have dominated in woody composites production up to now, while facing a significant challenge in non-renewable raw materials and the formaldehyde emission. To solve these problems, an eco-friendly soybean protein-based wood adhesive was explored via the addition of renewable cardanol [...] Read more.
Formaldehyde-derived wood adhesives have dominated in woody composites production up to now, while facing a significant challenge in non-renewable raw materials and the formaldehyde emission. To solve these problems, an eco-friendly soybean protein-based wood adhesive was explored via the addition of renewable cardanol based epoxy (CBE) as cross-linking agent. The curing mechanism and viscosity of the adhesives were investigated and the bonding performance was evaluated with three-ply plywood. Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the formation of new ether linkages and the consumption of epoxy groups in the cured adhesives, thereby improving the thermal stabilities and cohesion. Plywood bonded with the CBE-modified soybean protein-based adhesive reached the maximum wet shear strength of 1.11 MPa (4 wt.% CBE addition), a 48% increase compared to the control, whereas the viscosity of adhesive decreased by 68.2%. The wet shear strength of the plywood met the requirements of the Chinese National Standard GB/T 9846-2015 for interior plywood application. The formaldehyde-free adhesive with excellent water resistance adhesiveness performance shows great potential in woody composites as an alternative to formaldehyde derived wood adhesives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preparation and Application of Wood Composite)
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