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Sensors Based on Diffraction Structures
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Sensors Based on Diffraction Structures

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 February 2021) | Viewed by 37116

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Nikolay Kazanskiy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Image Processing Systems Institute of the RAS—Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Molodogvardeiskaya St. 151, Samara 443001, Russia
2. Technical Cybernetics Department, Samara National Research University, Moskovskoye Shosse 34, Samara 443086, Russia
Interests: computer optics; diffractive nanophotonics; computer vision; plasmonic sensors; optical sensors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Optical sensors are widely used in various research and commercial applications today. These sensors are utilized for quality and process control, medical technologies, metrology, imaging, and remote sensing and laser, imaging systems, and or/fibers. This Special Issue of Sensors will focus on the recent developments of optical sensors based on diffraction structures. However, the issue is open for new proposals of novel sensing principals. Review articles and original research papers based on theoretical, numerical, and experimental work addressing new and innovative applications are welcome.

I look forward to receiving your proposals.

Prof. Dr. Nikolay Kazanskiy
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Biosensors
  • plasmonic sensors
  • resonance structures
  • advanced sensing platforms
  • gas sensors
  • miniaturized lab-on-chip sensor designs
  • diffraction structures
  • surface plasmon-polariton
  • vortex beam
  • plasmonic lens

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Published Papers (8 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 61915 KiB  
Article
Near-Field Vortex Beams Diffraction on Surface Micro-Defects and Diffractive Axicons for Polarization State Recognition
by Dmitry Savelyev and Nikolay Kazanskiy
Sensors 2021, 21(6), 1973; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21061973 - 11 Mar 2021
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 3552
Abstract
The diffraction of vortex Gaussian laser beams by elementary objects of micro-optics (surface micro-defects) to recognize the type of polarization (linear, circular, radial, azimuthal) of the input radiation was investigated in this paper. We considered two main types of defects (protrusion and depression [...] Read more.
The diffraction of vortex Gaussian laser beams by elementary objects of micro-optics (surface micro-defects) to recognize the type of polarization (linear, circular, radial, azimuthal) of the input radiation was investigated in this paper. We considered two main types of defects (protrusion and depression in the form of a circle and a square) with different sizes (the radius and height were varied). Light propagation (3D) through the proposed micro-defects was modeled using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. The possibility of recognizing (including size change) of surface micro-defects (protrusions and depressions) and all the above types of polarization are shown. Thus, micro-defects act as sensors for the polarization state of the illuminating beam. The focusing properties of micro-defects are compared with diffractive axicons with different numerical apertures (NAs). The possibility of sub-wavelength focusing with element height change is demonstrated. In particular, it is numerically shown that a silicon cylinder (protrusion) forms a light spot with a minimum size of the all intensity FWHM of 0.28λ. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors Based on Diffraction Structures)
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19 pages, 4142 KiB  
Communication
Small-Sized Interferometer with Fabry–Perot Resonators for Gravitational Wave Detection
by Nikolai Petrov and Vladislav Pustovoit
Sensors 2021, 21(5), 1877; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051877 - 8 Mar 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2342
Abstract
It is highly desirable to have a compact laser interferometer for detecting gravitational waves. Here, a small-sized tabletop laser interferometer with Fabry–Perot resonators consisting of two spatially distributed “mirrors” for detecting gravitational waves is proposed. It is shown that the spectral resolution of [...] Read more.
It is highly desirable to have a compact laser interferometer for detecting gravitational waves. Here, a small-sized tabletop laser interferometer with Fabry–Perot resonators consisting of two spatially distributed “mirrors” for detecting gravitational waves is proposed. It is shown that the spectral resolution of 10−23 cm−1 can be achieved at a distance between mirrors of only 1–3 m. The influence of light absorption in crystals on the limiting resolution of such resonators is also studied. A higher sensitivity of the interferometer to shorter-wave laser radiation is shown. A method for detecting gravitational waves is proposed based on the measurement of the correlation function of the radiation intensities of non-zero-order resonant modes from the two arms of the Mach–Zehnder interferometer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors Based on Diffraction Structures)
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9 pages, 3979 KiB  
Communication
Few Percent Efficient Polarization-Sensitive Conversion in Nonlinear Plasmonic Interactions Inside Oligomeric Gold Structures
by Nikolay Busleev, Sergey Kudryashov, Irina Saraeva, Pavel Danilov, Andrey Rudenko, Dmitry Zayarny, Stefan A. Maier, Pham Hong Minh and Andrey Ionin
Sensors 2021, 21(1), 59; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21010059 - 24 Dec 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2239
Abstract
The backscattering spectra of a 500 nm thick gold film, which was excited near the 525 nm transverse localized plasmon resonance of its constituent, self-organized, vertically-aligned nanorods by normally incident 515 nm, 300 fs laser pulses with linear, radial, azimuthal and circular polarizations, [...] Read more.
The backscattering spectra of a 500 nm thick gold film, which was excited near the 525 nm transverse localized plasmon resonance of its constituent, self-organized, vertically-aligned nanorods by normally incident 515 nm, 300 fs laser pulses with linear, radial, azimuthal and circular polarizations, revealed a few-percent conversion into Stokes and anti-Stokes side-band peaks. The investigation of these spectral features based on the nanoscale characterization of the oligomeric structure and numerical simulations of its backscattering response indicated nonlinear Fano-like plasmonic interactions, particularly the partially degenerate four-wave mixing comprised by the visible-range transverse plasmon resonance of the individual nanorods and an IR-range collective mode of the oligomeric structure. Such oligomeric structures in plasmonic films may greatly enhance inner nonlinear electromagnetic interactions and inner near-IR hotspots, paving the way for their engineered IR tunability for broad applications in chemosensing and biosensing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors Based on Diffraction Structures)
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15 pages, 4330 KiB  
Article
Compact Imaging Systems Based on Annular Harmonic Lenses
by Roman Skidanov, Yury Strelkov, Sergey Volotovsky, Veronika Blank, Sofiya Ganchevskaya, Vladimir Podlipnov, Nikolay Ivliev and Nikolay Kazanskiy
Sensors 2020, 20(14), 3914; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20143914 - 14 Jul 2020
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 6718
Abstract
In this study, a configuration of a compact imaging objective based on a reflecting annular harmonic lens was proposed. Light propagation through the proposed optical system was comprehensively modeled using a dedicated special program and the ZEMAX software, with the latter used to [...] Read more.
In this study, a configuration of a compact imaging objective based on a reflecting annular harmonic lens was proposed. Light propagation through the proposed optical system was comprehensively modeled using a dedicated special program and the ZEMAX software, with the latter used to derive the point spread function (PSF). Several relationships were used to describe the connection between key parameters of the objective, including its focal length, field of view, and thickness. We demonstrated that it was possible to design a compact imaging objective whose overall length could be one to two orders of magnitude smaller than its focal length. Using direct laser writing, a reflecting annular harmonic lens was fabricated and used in the proposed objective scheme. The performance of the objective was experimentally studied by imaging a light source and a test pattern. The performance of the compact imaging objective based on a reflecting annular harmonic lens was verified in principle. A PSF value of approximately 16 microns was experimentally obtained, for a lens with a diameter of 25 mm with a focal length of 100 mm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors Based on Diffraction Structures)
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18 pages, 9938 KiB  
Article
Wavefront Aberration Sensor Based on a Multichannel Diffractive Optical Element
by Svetlana N. Khonina, Sergey V. Karpeev and Alexey P. Porfirev
Sensors 2020, 20(14), 3850; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20143850 - 10 Jul 2020
Cited by 39 | Viewed by 3380
Abstract
We propose a new type of a wavefront aberration sensor, that is, a Zernike matched multichannel diffractive optical filter, which performs consistent filtering of phase distributions corresponding to Zernike polynomials. The sensitivity of the new sensor is theoretically estimated. Based on the theory, [...] Read more.
We propose a new type of a wavefront aberration sensor, that is, a Zernike matched multichannel diffractive optical filter, which performs consistent filtering of phase distributions corresponding to Zernike polynomials. The sensitivity of the new sensor is theoretically estimated. Based on the theory, we develop recommendations for its application. Test wavefronts formed using a spatial light modulator are experimentally investigated. The applicability of the new sensor for the fine-tuning of a laser collimator is assessed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors Based on Diffraction Structures)
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13 pages, 4319 KiB  
Article
Subwavelength Grating Double Slot Waveguide Racetrack Ring Resonator for Refractive Index Sensing Application
by Nikolay Lvovich Kazanskiy, Svetlana Nikolaevna Khonina and Muhammad Ali Butt
Sensors 2020, 20(12), 3416; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20123416 - 17 Jun 2020
Cited by 55 | Viewed by 5923
Abstract
In this paper, a racetrack ring resonator design based on a subwavelength grating double slot waveguide is presented. The proposed waveguide scheme is capable of confining the transverse electric field in the slots and the gaps between the grating segments. This configuration facilitates [...] Read more.
In this paper, a racetrack ring resonator design based on a subwavelength grating double slot waveguide is presented. The proposed waveguide scheme is capable of confining the transverse electric field in the slots and the gaps between the grating segments. This configuration facilitates a large light–matter interaction which elevates the sensitivity of the device approximately 2.5 times higher than the one that can be obtained via a standard slot waveguide resonator. The best sensitivity of the design is obtained at 1000 nm/RIU by utilizing a subwavelength grating double slot waveguide of period 300 nm. The numerical study is conducted via 2D and 3D finite element methods. We believe that the proposed sensor design can play an important role in the realization of highly sensitive lab-on-chip sensors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors Based on Diffraction Structures)
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9 pages, 1307 KiB  
Letter
Lensless Scheme for Measuring Laser Aberrations Based on Computer-Generated Holograms
by George Krasin, Michael Kovalev, Nikita Stsepuro, Pavel Ruchka and Sergey Odinokov
Sensors 2020, 20(15), 4310; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20154310 - 2 Aug 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3212
Abstract
All of the existing holographic wavefront sensors are either bulky or have low accuracy of measuring wavefront aberrations. In this paper, we present an improvement of the holographic method of measuring wavefront aberrations using computer-generated Fourier holograms. The novelty of this work lies [...] Read more.
All of the existing holographic wavefront sensors are either bulky or have low accuracy of measuring wavefront aberrations. In this paper, we present an improvement of the holographic method of measuring wavefront aberrations using computer-generated Fourier holograms. The novelty of this work lies in the proposed approach to the synthesis of Fourier holograms, which are implemented using phase-only SLM. The main advantages of this method are the increased diffraction efficiency compared to the previously known methods, and the more compact implementation scheme due to the elimination of the conventional Fourier-lens. The efficiency of the proposed method was confirmed by numerical simulation and optical experiments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors Based on Diffraction Structures)
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10 pages, 2248 KiB  
Letter
An Airborne Offner Imaging Hyperspectrometer with Radially-Fastened Primary Elements
by Nikolay Kazanskiy, Nikolay Ivliev, Vladimir Podlipnov and Roman Skidanov
Sensors 2020, 20(12), 3411; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20123411 - 17 Jun 2020
Cited by 36 | Viewed by 3679
Abstract
We propose a new layout for the Offner imaging hyperspectrometer that is utilized onboard small space vehicles. The layout is based on a method of adjusting the adaptive temperature-dependent optical scheme by moving just two coaxial optical components located inside the hyperspectrometer. We [...] Read more.
We propose a new layout for the Offner imaging hyperspectrometer that is utilized onboard small space vehicles. The layout is based on a method of adjusting the adaptive temperature-dependent optical scheme by moving just two coaxial optical components located inside the hyperspectrometer. We present the results of modeling for a temperature range of −40 to +45 °C and an optical experiment using a heat and cold chamber for the range of 12 to 40 °C, proving the basic functionality of the proposed layout. Based on simulation results, the new layout is supposed to allow the hyperspectrometer to operate in a temperature range of −40 to +45 °C without its optical characteristics deteriorating, thus making it suitable for work onboard space or stratospheric vehicles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors Based on Diffraction Structures)
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