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Biosensors
Special Issues
Advances in Enzyme-Based Biosensors
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Advances in Enzyme-Based Biosensors

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Biosensors and Biosensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 13267

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sevinc Kurbanoglu

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Guest Editor
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
Interests: electrochemistry; enzyme-based biosensors; nanosensors; DNA-drug interactions; drug analysis; redox mechanisms of drug active compounds; spectrophotometry; validation; separation techniques; HPLC
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Aysu Yarman

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Guest Editor
Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Turkish-German University, Sahinkaya Cad. 86, Beykoz, Istanbul 34820, Turkey
Interests: electrochemistry; molecularly imprinted polymers; biosensors; biomimetic sensors; bioelectrochemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Livia Alexandra Dinu Gugoasa

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Guest Editor
2nd Degree Researcher at the Centre of Nanotechnologies, National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Voluntari (Ilfov), Romania
Interests: electrochemical sensors and biosensors; artificial enzymes; nanozymes; graphene-based nanomaterials; metallic nanoparticles; carbon nanomaterials; optical sensors and biosensors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over recent years, researchers showed great interest in biosensors as they are simple and effective tools for biochemical reactions. Many efforts have been dedicated towards the replacement of costly devices, complicated procedures, and long analysis time by the invention of portable devices, specifically for each detected analyte. Moreover, since enzymes show a high affinity towards their substrates they are able to catalyze biochemical reactions without being permanently modified. In light of this aspect, in recent years, much attention has been paid to exploring miniaturized and portable chemical and physical biosensors in order to replace the most complex ones. Especially, enzyme-based biosensors have been considered to develop simple, rapid and highly sensitive, and selective devices for the detection of desired compounds in many different samples. Enzyme-based biosensors have arisen widespread interest in health care, food, and environmental analyses since they provide great compatibility, good stability, and enhanced shelf-life properties. In light of this knowledge, different types of enzyme-based biosensing systems have been developed using many different transducers such as electrochemical, optical, thermal, etc.

Therefore, this Special Issue “Advances in Enzyme-Based Biosensors” welcomes submissions about the recent advances in enzyme-based biosensor research and their applications in the detection of various species, such as drugs, pesticides, biologically important compounds, etc. This Special Issue is a collection of papers on cutting-edge research built on the importance of enzyme functionalization of biosensing systems. We invite you all to share with us recent research in the field of enzyme-based biosensors.

With best regards,

Dr. Sevinc Kurbanoglu
Dr. Aysu Yarman
Dr. Livia Alexandra Dinu Gugoasa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • electrochemical enzyme based biosensors
  • optical enzyme based biosensors
  • artificial enzymes
  • nanozymes
  • polymers for enzyme supports
  • nanosensors
  • enzyme inhibition
  • enzyme detection
  • enzymatic activity
  • enzyme immobilization
  • enzymatic biofuel cells
  • enzymatic biosensors

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3694 KiB  
Article
Affordable Portable Platform for Classic Photometry and Low-Cost Determination of Cholinesterase Activity
by Ondřej Keresteš and Miroslav Pohanka
Biosensors 2023, 13(6), 599; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13060599 - 31 May 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2090
Abstract
Excessive use of pesticides could potentially harm the environment for a long time. The reason for this is that the banned pesticide is still likely to be used incorrectly. Carbofuran and other banned pesticides that remain in the environment may also have a [...] Read more.
Excessive use of pesticides could potentially harm the environment for a long time. The reason for this is that the banned pesticide is still likely to be used incorrectly. Carbofuran and other banned pesticides that remain in the environment may also have a negative effect on human beings. In order to provide a better chance for effective environmental screening, this thesis describes a prototype of a photometer tested with cholinesterase to potentially detect pesticides in the environment. The open-source portable photodetection platform uses a color-programmable red, green and blue light-emitting diode (RGB LED) as a light source and a TSL230R light frequency sensor. Acetylcholinesterase from Electrophorus electricus (AChE) with high similarity to human AChE was used for biorecognition. The Ellman method was selected as a standard method. Two analytical approaches were applied: (1) subtraction of the output values after a certain period of time and (2) comparison of the slope values of the linear trend. The optimal preincubation time for carbofuran with AChE was 7 min. The limits of detection for carbofuran were 6.3 nmol/L for the kinetic assay and 13.5 nmol/L for the endpoint assay. The paper demonstrates that the open alternative for commercial photometry is equivalent. The concept based on the OS3P/OS3P could be used as a large-scale screening system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Enzyme-Based Biosensors)
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12 pages, 23230 KiB  
Article
Improving the Efficiency of Electrocatalysis of Cytochrome P450 3A4 by Modifying the Electrode with Membrane Protein Streptolysin O for Studying the Metabolic Transformations of Drugs
by Polina I. Koroleva, Andrei A. Gilep, Sergey V. Kraevsky, Tatiana V. Tsybruk and Victoria V. Shumyantseva
Biosensors 2023, 13(4), 457; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13040457 - 4 Apr 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1759
Abstract
In the present work, screen-printed electrodes (SPE) modified with a synthetic surfactant, didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) and streptolysin O (SLO) were prepared for cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) immobilization, direct non-catalytic and catalytic electrochemistry. The immobilized CYP3A4 demonstrated a pair of redox peaks with a [...] Read more.
In the present work, screen-printed electrodes (SPE) modified with a synthetic surfactant, didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) and streptolysin O (SLO) were prepared for cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) immobilization, direct non-catalytic and catalytic electrochemistry. The immobilized CYP3A4 demonstrated a pair of redox peaks with a formal potential of −0.325 ± 0.024 V (vs. the Ag/AgCl reference electrode). The electron transfer process showed a surface-controlled mechanism (“protein film voltammetry”) with an electron transfer rate constant (ks) of 0.203 ± 0.038 s−1. Electrochemical CYP3A4-mediated reaction of N-demethylation of erythromycin was explored with the following parameters: an applied potential of −0.5 V and a duration time of 20 min. The system with DDAB/SLO as the electrode modifier showed conversion of erythromycin with an efficiency higher than the electrode modified with DDAB only. Confining CYP3A4 inside the protein frame of SLO accelerated the enzymatic reaction. The increases in product formation in the reaction of the electrochemical N-demethylation of erythromycin for SPE/DDAB/CYP3A4 and SPE/DDAB/SLO/CYP3A4 were equal to 100 ± 22% and 297 ± 7%, respectively. As revealed by AFM images, the SPE/DDAB/SLO possessed a more developed surface with protein cavities in comparison with SPE/DDAB for the effective immobilization of the CYP3A4 enzyme. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Enzyme-Based Biosensors)
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16 pages, 3499 KiB  
Article
Development of an Enzymatic Biosensor Using Glutamate Oxidase on Organic–Inorganic-Structured, Electrospun Nanofiber-Modified Electrodes for Monosodium Glutamate Detection
by Hamdiye Atilgan, Betul Unal, Esra Evrim Yalcinkaya, Gizem Evren, Gozde Atik, Fatma Ozturk Kirbay, Nur Melis Kilic and Dilek Odaci
Biosensors 2023, 13(4), 430; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13040430 - 28 Mar 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2501
Abstract
Herein, dendrimer-modified montmorillonite (Mt)-decorated poly-Ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) and chitosan (CHIT)-based nanofibers were prepared. Mt was modified with a poly(amidoamine) generation 1 (PAMAMG1) dendrimer, and the obtained PAMAMG1–Mt was incorporated into the PCL–CHIT nanofiber’s structure. The PCL–CHIT/PAMAMG1–Mt nanofibers were [...] Read more.
Herein, dendrimer-modified montmorillonite (Mt)-decorated poly-Ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) and chitosan (CHIT)-based nanofibers were prepared. Mt was modified with a poly(amidoamine) generation 1 (PAMAMG1) dendrimer, and the obtained PAMAMG1–Mt was incorporated into the PCL–CHIT nanofiber’s structure. The PCL–CHIT/PAMAMG1–Mt nanofibers were conjugated with glutamate oxidase (GluOx) to design a bio-based detection system for monosodium glutamate (MSG). PAMAMG1–Mt was added to the PCL–CHIT backbone to provide a multipoint binding side to immobilize GluOx via covalent bonds. After the characterization of PCL–CHIT/PAMAMG1–Mt/GluOx, it was calibrated for MSG. The linear ranges were determined from 0.025 to 0.25 mM MSG using PCL–CHIT/Mt/GluOx and from 0.0025 to 0.175 mM MSG using PCL–CHIT/PAMAMG1–Mt/GluOx (with a detection limit of 7.019 µM for PCL–CHIT/Mt/GluOx and 1.045 µM for PCL–CHIT/PAMAMG1–Mt/GluOx). Finally, PCL–CHIT/PAMAMG1–Mt/GluOx was applied to analyze MSG content in tomato soup without interfering with the sample matrix, giving a recovery percentage of 103.125%. Hence, the nanofiber modification with dendrimer-intercalated Mt and GluOx conjugation onto the formed nanocomposite structures was performed, and the PCL–CHIT/PAMAMG1–Mt/GluOx system was successfully developed for MSG detection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Enzyme-Based Biosensors)
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19 pages, 3531 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Antibacterial and Biosensing Applications of Peroxidase-Mimetic Ni0.1Cu0.9S Nanoflower
by Li Liu, Yayu Lai, Jinming Cao, Yu Peng, Tian Tian and Wensheng Fu
Biosensors 2022, 12(10), 874; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12100874 - 15 Oct 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2278
Abstract
Nanozymes, as artificial enzymes with the biological action of natural enzymes, have enormous potential in the fields of disease diagnosis, bacteriostasis, biosensing, etc. In this work, the Ni0.1Cu0.9S nanoflower was successfully synthesized through a one-step hydrothermal method. A combined [...] Read more.
Nanozymes, as artificial enzymes with the biological action of natural enzymes, have enormous potential in the fields of disease diagnosis, bacteriostasis, biosensing, etc. In this work, the Ni0.1Cu0.9S nanoflower was successfully synthesized through a one-step hydrothermal method. A combined strategy of Ni doping and morphology design was employed to adjust its electronic structure and active sites, endowing the Ni0.1Cu0.9S nanoflower with excellent peroxidase-like activity. Therefore, it can catalyze the decomposition of H2O2 to generate •OH with higher antibacterial activity, establishing a broad-spectrum antibacterial system based on the Ni0.1Cu0.9S nanoflower against E. coli and S. aureus, which avoids the harm of a high concentration of H2O2. Additionally, the colorless substrate TMB can be catalytically oxidized into blue ox-TMB via •OH. As a result, a colorimetric technique with rapid and accurate detection of ascorbic acid (AA) by the unaided eye was designed, in view of the specific inhibition effect towards the oxidation of TMB. This detection platform has a wide linear range (10~800 μM) with a low limit of detection (0.84 μM) and exhibits a satisfactory selectivity toward the detection of AA. This study sheds new light on the application of copper-containing nanozymes in the fields of biomedicine and bioassay. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Enzyme-Based Biosensors)
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31 pages, 19617 KiB  
Review
Nanostructured Metal Oxide-Based Electrochemical Biosensors in Medical Diagnosis
by Gulsu Keles, Elif Sifa Ataman, Sueda Betul Taskin, İlker Polatoglu and Sevinc Kurbanoglu
Biosensors 2024, 14(5), 238; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14050238 - 9 May 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2193
Abstract
Nanostructured metal oxides (NMOs) provide electrical properties such as high surface-to-volume ratio, reaction activity, and good adsorption strength. Furthermore, they serve as a conductive substrate for the immobilization of biomolecules, exhibiting notable biological activity. Capitalizing on these characteristics, they find utility in the [...] Read more.
Nanostructured metal oxides (NMOs) provide electrical properties such as high surface-to-volume ratio, reaction activity, and good adsorption strength. Furthermore, they serve as a conductive substrate for the immobilization of biomolecules, exhibiting notable biological activity. Capitalizing on these characteristics, they find utility in the development of various electrochemical biosensing devices, elevating the sensitivity and selectivity of such diagnostic platforms. In this review, different types of NMOs, including zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), iron (II, III) oxide (Fe3O4), nickel oxide (NiO), and copper oxide (CuO); their synthesis methods; and how they can be integrated into biosensors used for medical diagnosis are examined. It also includes a detailed table for the last 10 years covering the morphologies, analysis techniques, analytes, and analytical performances of electrochemical biosensors developed for medical diagnosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Enzyme-Based Biosensors)
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