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Catalysts
Special Issues
Catalytic Applications of Clay Minerals and Hydrotalcites
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Catalytic Applications of Clay Minerals and Hydrotalcites

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalytic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2021) | Viewed by 21162

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Juan Antonio Cecilia

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Guest Editor
Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
Interests: adsorption; biomass valorization; heterogeneous catalysis; high-added value products
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Carmen Pilar Jiménez Gómez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
Interests: characterization; hydrotalcites; clay minerals; catalysis; biomass valorization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Clay minerals are inexpensive and available materials with a wide range of applications (adsorbent, ion exchanger, support, catalyst, paper coating, ceramic, and pharmaceutical, among others). Clay minerals could be easily modified through acid/basic treatment, through the insertion of bulky ions or pillars in the interlayer spacing, as well as through acid treatment, improving their physicochemical properties.

Considering their low cost and high availability, clay minerals display a relatively high specific surface area in such a way that they have a great potential to be used as catalytic supports, since they can disperse expensive active phases as noble metals on the porous structure of their surface. In addition, the low cost of these supports allows their implementation on an industrial scale more easily than other supports, which are only feasible for the laboratory scale.

Hydrotalcites (considered as anionic or basic clays) are also inexpensive materials with a great potential to be used as catalysts, since their textural properties could also be modified easily through the insertion of anions in their interlayer spacing. In the same way, these hydrotalcites, formed by layered double hydroxides, can lead to their respective mixed oxides after thermal treatment. These mixed oxides are considered basic catalysts with a high surface area, so they can also be used as catalytic support.

Taking into account the great potential of clay minerals and hydrotalcites, the editors think that the catalytic applications of both materials are worthy of a Special Issue in the journal Catalysts.

Dr. Juan Antonio Cecilia
Dr. Carmen Pilar Jiménez Gómez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Caracterization
  • Clay mineral
  • Hydrotalcites
  • Mixed oxides
  • Catalytic support
  • Heterogeneous catalysis

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research

4 pages, 212 KiB  
Editorial
Catalytic Applications of Clay Minerals and Hydrotalcites
by Juan Antonio Cecilia and Carmen Pilar Jiménez-Gómez
Catalysts 2021, 11(1), 68; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal11010068 - 6 Jan 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2193
Abstract
Clay minerals are the most abundant minerals on the surface of Earth [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Applications of Clay Minerals and Hydrotalcites)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

11 pages, 4078 KiB  
Communication
An Efficient Catalyst Prepared from Residual Kaolin for the Esterification of Distillate from the Deodorization of Palm Oil
by Alex de Nazaré de Oliveira, Irlon Maciel Ferreira, David Esteban Quintero Jimenez, Fernando Batista Neves, Linéia Soares da Silva, Ana Alice Farias da Costa, Erika Tallyta Leite Lima, Luíza Helena de Oliveira Pires, Carlos Emmerson Ferreira da Costa, Geraldo Narciso da Rocha Filho and Luís Adriano Santos do Nascimento
Catalysts 2021, 11(5), 604; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal11050604 - 7 May 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2803
Abstract
The distillate from the deodorization of palm oil (DDPO) is an agro-industrial residue, approximately 84% of which consists of free fatty acids (FFAs), which can be used for the production of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE). A catalyst (10HPMo/AlSiM) obtained from a waste [...] Read more.
The distillate from the deodorization of palm oil (DDPO) is an agro-industrial residue, approximately 84% of which consists of free fatty acids (FFAs), which can be used for the production of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE). A catalyst (10HPMo/AlSiM) obtained from a waste material, Amazon flint kaolin, was applied in the esterification of the DDPO, reaching a conversion index of 94%, capable of maintaining satisfactory activity (>75%) after four consecutive cycles. Flint kaolin is therefore proven to be an efficient option in the search for new heterogeneous low-cost catalysts obtained from industrial by-products, contributing to the reduction of environmental impact and adding value to widely available wastes that would otherwise be discarded directly into the environment. Based on the catalytic results, esterification of DDPO using 10HPMo/AlSiM can be a cheaper alternative for the production of sustainable fuels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Applications of Clay Minerals and Hydrotalcites)
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12 pages, 21120 KiB  
Article
MgF2-Modified Hydrotalcite-Derived Composites Supported Pt-In Catalysts for Isobutane Direct Dehydrogenation
by Zhen Song, Jiameng Wang, Fanji Liu, Xiqing Zhang, Énio Matusse and Lihong Zhang
Catalysts 2021, 11(4), 478; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal11040478 - 8 Apr 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2654
Abstract
Here, a simple method was developed to prepare an MgF2-modified hydrotalcite-derived composite, which was used as support for the Pt-In catalyst for isobutane direct dehydrogenation. The catalysts, composites, and their precursors were characterized by numerous characterization techniques. The results provided evidence [...] Read more.
Here, a simple method was developed to prepare an MgF2-modified hydrotalcite-derived composite, which was used as support for the Pt-In catalyst for isobutane direct dehydrogenation. The catalysts, composites, and their precursors were characterized by numerous characterization techniques. The results provided evidence for the MgF2 promoter effect on the physical–chemical properties and dehydrogenation performance of the supported Pt-In catalysts. The catalyst with MgF2 shows exceptional isobutene selectivity that can be stabilized at 95%, and the conversion increases from 50% to 58% during the reaction process. Moreover, the existence of MgF2 plays an important role in the resistance to coke formation and Pt sintering by improving the Pt dispersion, inhibiting the reduction of the In3+ species, and adjusting the acidity of the catalyst. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Applications of Clay Minerals and Hydrotalcites)
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12 pages, 3854 KiB  
Article
Easily Recycled CuMgFe Catalysts Derived from Layered Double Hydroxides for Hydrogenolysis of Glycerol
by Xiaopeng Yu, Fubao Zhang, Yi Wang and Dejun Cheng
Catalysts 2021, 11(2), 232; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal11020232 - 9 Feb 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2131
Abstract
A series of CuMgFe catalysts with different (Cu + Mg)/Fe molar ratios derived from hydrotalcites were prepared by coprecipitation for the hydrogenolysis of glycerol to 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO). X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), vibrating [...] Read more.
A series of CuMgFe catalysts with different (Cu + Mg)/Fe molar ratios derived from hydrotalcites were prepared by coprecipitation for the hydrogenolysis of glycerol to 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO). X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR), CO2-TPD, and H2-TPD (temperature-programmed desorption of CO2 and H2) were used to investigate the physicochemical properties of the catalysts. The CuMgFe-layered double oxides (CuMgFe-4LDO) catalyst with (Cu + Mg)/Fe molar ratio of 4 exhibited superior activity and stability. The high glycerol conversion and 1,2-propanediol selectivity over CuMgFe-4LDO catalyst were attributed to its strong basicity, excellent H2 activation ability, and an increase in the surface Cu content. The CuMgFe catalysts could be easily recycled with the assistance of an external magnetic field due to their magnetism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Applications of Clay Minerals and Hydrotalcites)
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22 pages, 6292 KiB  
Article
Gas-Phase Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol over Cu-ZnO-Al2O3 Catalysts Prepared from Layered Double Hydroxides
by Guillermo R. Bertolini, Carmen P. Jiménez-Gómez, Juan Antonio Cecilia and Pedro Maireles-Torres
Catalysts 2020, 10(5), 486; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10050486 - 29 Apr 2020
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3578
Abstract
Several layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with general chemical composition (Cu,Zn)1−xAlx(OH)2(CO3)x/2·mH2O have been synthesized by the co-precipitation method, maintaining a (M2+/M3+) molar ratio of 3, and varying the [...] Read more.
Several layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with general chemical composition (Cu,Zn)1−xAlx(OH)2(CO3)x/2·mH2O have been synthesized by the co-precipitation method, maintaining a (M2+/M3+) molar ratio of 3, and varying the Cu2+/Zn2+ molar ratio between 0.2 and 6.0. After calcination and reduction steps, Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts were synthesized. These catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), H2 thermoprogrammed reduction (H2-TPR), N2 adsorption-desorption at −196 °C, N2O titration, X-ray photoelectron miscroscopy (XPS), NH3-thermoprogramed desorption (NH3-TPD) and CO2- thermoprogrammed desorption (CO2-TPD). The characterization data revealed that these catalysts are mainly meso-and macroporous, where Cu, ZnO and Al2O3 are well dispersed. The catalytic results show that these catalysts are active in the gas-phase hydrogenation of furfural, being highly selective to furfuryl alcohol (FOL) and reaching the highest FOL yield for the catalyst with a Cu2+/Zn2+ molar ratio of 1. In an additional study, the influence of the aging time on the synthesis of the LDHs was also evaluated. The catalytic data revealed that the use of shorter aging time in the formation of the LDH has a beneficial effect on the catalytic behavior, since more disordered structures with a higher amount of available Cu sites is obtained, leading to a higher yield towards FOL (71% after 5 h of time-on-stream at 210 °C). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Applications of Clay Minerals and Hydrotalcites)
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15 pages, 3292 KiB  
Article
Effect of Reduction Atmosphere on Structure and Catalytic Performance of PtIn/Mg(Al)O/ZnO for Propane Dehydrogenation
by Ming Zhang, Zhen Song, Mengquan Guo, Xiangxiang Li, Yanjun Lin and Lihong Zhang
Catalysts 2020, 10(5), 485; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10050485 - 29 Apr 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2842
Abstract
The effect of reduction atmospheres, H2/N2, C3H8/H2/N2, C3H8 and CO, on the structure and propane direct dehydrogenation performance of PtIn/Mg(Al)O/ZnO catalyst derived from ZnO-supported PtIn-hydrotalcite was studied. The [...] Read more.
The effect of reduction atmospheres, H2/N2, C3H8/H2/N2, C3H8 and CO, on the structure and propane direct dehydrogenation performance of PtIn/Mg(Al)O/ZnO catalyst derived from ZnO-supported PtIn-hydrotalcite was studied. The physicochemical properties of the as-prepared and used catalytic system were characterized by various characterization methods. The results show that the dehydrogenation performance, especially the stability of the PtIn/Mg(Al)O/ZnO catalyst, was significantly improved along with the change in reduction atmosphere. The highest catalytic activity (51% of propane conversion and 97% propylene selectivity), resistance toward coke deposition, and stability for more than 30 h were achieved with the H2/N2-reduced catalyst. The optimal dehydrogenation performance and coke resistance are mainly related to the high Pt dispersion and In0/In3+ molar ratio, strong Pt–In interaction and small metal particle size, depending on the nature of the reduction atmospheres. The reconstruction of meixnerite favors the stability and coke resistance to some extent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Applications of Clay Minerals and Hydrotalcites)
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17 pages, 9008 KiB  
Article
Hierarchical PtIn/Mg(Al)O Derived from Reconstructed PtIn-hydrotalcite-like Compounds for Highly Efficient Propane Dehydrogenation
by Jiaxin Li, Ming Zhang, Zhen Song, Shuo Liu, Jiameng Wang and Lihong Zhang
Catalysts 2019, 9(9), 767; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal9090767 - 12 Sep 2019
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3645
Abstract
The challenges facing propane dehydrogenation are to solve the Pt sintering and carbon deposition. This paper provides a new way to disperse and stabilize Pt species and resist carbon deposition. Highly dispersed Pt species were topologically transformed from reconstructed PtIn-hydrotalcite-like precursors in a [...] Read more.
The challenges facing propane dehydrogenation are to solve the Pt sintering and carbon deposition. This paper provides a new way to disperse and stabilize Pt species and resist carbon deposition. Highly dispersed Pt species were topologically transformed from reconstructed PtIn-hydrotalcite-like precursors in a flower-like hierarchical microstructure. The lattice confinement of reconstructed hydrotalcite-like precursor is in favor of stabilizing the highly dispersed Pt species, and the hierarchical microstructure is an important factor to prolong its lifetime by enhancing tolerance to carbon deposition. In propane dehydrogenation, the propene selectivity decreases in the sequences of catalyst in flower-like > single-plate > block mass with small, flakeys. A propene selectivity of >97% with a conversion of 48% at 600 °C has been achieved over a flower-like PtIn/Mg(Al)O catalyst. Additionally, no visible Pt sintering can even be observed on this catalyst after a reaction time of 190 h. This strategy provides an effective and feasible alternative for the facile preparation of highly dispersed metal catalysts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalytic Applications of Clay Minerals and Hydrotalcites)
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