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Application of Composite Materials for Energy Devices
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Application of Composite Materials for Energy Devices

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "D1: Advanced Energy Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2021) | Viewed by 15182

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Sung Kyu Ha

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Convergence Engineering, Hanyang Structures and Composites Lab (HSCL), Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
Interests: piezoelectric materials; design of PVDF, P(VDF-TrFE) and PMN-PT devices; nanocomposites for energy conversion/harvesting/generation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fiber-reinforced composite materials exhibit unique physicochemical properties that cannot be obtained with individual components acting alone. Composite materials have been widely used for energy storage and conversion devices due to their lightweight, high specific stiffness, strength and multifunctional capacities. Applications for energy storage include flywheel rotor, multifunctional structural energy storage, thermal storage, high pressure tanks, and applications for energy generators include wind turbine, wave and tidal energy devices.
This current Special Issue focuses on the most recent advances in design, manufacturing processes and applications of energy storage and generators using fiber-reinforced composite materials.

Prof. Dr. Sung Kyu Ha
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • fiber-reinforced composite materials
  • energy storage devices
  • energy generators
  • multifunctional composites

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

30 pages, 5515 KiB  
Article
Structural Power Performance Targets for Future Electric Aircraft
by Elitza Karadotcheva, Sang N. Nguyen, Emile S. Greenhalgh, Milo S. P. Shaffer, Anthony R. J. Kucernak and Peter Linde
Energies 2021, 14(19), 6006; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14196006 - 22 Sep 2021
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 5524
Abstract
The development of commercial aviation is being driven by the need to improve efficiency and thereby lower emissions. All-electric aircraft present a route to eliminating direct fuel burning emissions, but their development is stifled by the limitations of current battery energy and power [...] Read more.
The development of commercial aviation is being driven by the need to improve efficiency and thereby lower emissions. All-electric aircraft present a route to eliminating direct fuel burning emissions, but their development is stifled by the limitations of current battery energy and power densities. Multifunctional structural power composites, which combine load-bearing and energy-storing functions, offer an alternative to higher-energy-density batteries and will potentially enable lighter and safer electric aircraft. This study investigated the feasibility of integrating structural power composites into future electric aircraft and assessed the impact on emissions. Using the Airbus A320 as a platform, three different electric aircraft configurations were designed conceptually, incorporating structural power composites, slender wings and distributed propulsion. The specific energy and power required for the structural power composites were estimated by determining the aircraft mission performance requirements and weight. Compared to a conventional A320, a parallel hybrid-electric A320 with structural power composites >200 Wh/kg could potentially increase fuel efficiency by 15% for a 1500 km mission. For an all-electric A320, structural power composites >400 Wh/kg could halve the specific energy or mass of batteries needed to power a 1000 km flight. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Composite Materials for Energy Devices)
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29 pages, 12203 KiB  
Article
Structure Optimization of a High-Temperature Oxygen-Membrane Module Using Finite Element Analysis
by Dong Gyu Lee, Ji Woo Nam, Soo-Hyun Kim and Seong Wook Cho
Energies 2021, 14(16), 4992; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14164992 - 14 Aug 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2033
Abstract
The oxygen transport membrane (OTM) is a high-density ion-conducting ceramic membrane that selectively transfers oxygen ions and electrons through the pressure differential across its layers. It can operate at more than 800 °C and serves as an economical method for gas separation. However, [...] Read more.
The oxygen transport membrane (OTM) is a high-density ion-conducting ceramic membrane that selectively transfers oxygen ions and electrons through the pressure differential across its layers. It can operate at more than 800 °C and serves as an economical method for gas separation. However, it is difficult to predict the material properties of the OTM through experiments or analyses because its structure contains pores and depends on the characteristics of the ceramic composite. In addition, the transmittance of porous ceramic materials fluctuates strongly owing to their irregular structure and arbitrary shape, making it difficult to design such materials using conventional methods. This study analyzes the structural weakness of an OTM using CAE software (ANSYS Inc., Pittsburgh, PA, USA). To enhance the structural strength, a structurally optimized design of the OTM was proposed by identifying the relevant geometric parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Composite Materials for Energy Devices)
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17 pages, 6882 KiB  
Article
Effect of Diatomaceous Biosilica and Talc on the Properties of Dielectric Elastomer Based Composites
by Ewa Olewnik-Kruszkowska, Weronika Brzozowska, Arkadiusz Adamczyk, Magdalena Gierszewska, Izabela Wojtczak and Myroslav Sprynskyy
Energies 2020, 13(21), 5828; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13215828 - 8 Nov 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2672
Abstract
Currently, scientists are still looking for new polymeric materials characterized by improved mechanical, thermal as well as dielectric properties. Moreover, it should be stressed that new composites should be environmentally friendly. For this reason, the aim of this work is to establish the [...] Read more.
Currently, scientists are still looking for new polymeric materials characterized by improved mechanical, thermal as well as dielectric properties. Moreover, it should be stressed that new composites should be environmentally friendly. For this reason, the aim of this work is to establish the influence of natural fillers in the form of diatomaceous biosilica (B) and talc (T) on the properties of dielectric elastomer (DE)-based composites. The dielectric elastomer-based materials have been tested taking into account their morphology, thermal and mechanical properties. Moreover, the dielectric constant of the obtained materials was evaluated. Obtained results revealed that the presence of both diatomaceous biosilica and talc significantly increases dielectric properties while having no significant effect on the mechanical properties of the obtained composites. It should be stressed that the performed analyses constitute a valuable source of knowledge on the effective modification of the thermal and dielectric properties of newly obtained materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Composite Materials for Energy Devices)
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11 pages, 4656 KiB  
Article
Fabrication of Mn-N-C Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reactions Using Mn-Embedded Carbon Nanofiber
by Hyo-Young Kim and Young-Wan Ju
Energies 2020, 13(10), 2561; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13102561 - 18 May 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3072
Abstract
The development of efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) is one of the most crucial goals in the field of energy conversion devices such as fuel cells or metal-air batteries. Until now, the platinum-based catalyst has been considered the gold [...] Read more.
The development of efficient and cost-effective electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) is one of the most crucial goals in the field of energy conversion devices such as fuel cells or metal-air batteries. Until now, the platinum-based catalyst has been considered the gold standard electrocatalyst and is widely used for ORR. In recent times, transition metal-nitrogen (N)-carbon (C)-based electrocatalysts have verified ORR performances comparable to novel metal-based catalysts. However, due to the complex production methods and low yield, their high price is their one major disadvantage compared to platinum-based catalysts. Herein, we present a transition metal-N-C electrochemical catalyst prepared by simple electrospinning and heat treatment. The metal- and nitrogen-embedded carbon nanofiber represents considerably enhanced activity for oxygen reduction reactions compared to pristine carbon nanofiber. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Composite Materials for Energy Devices)
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