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Molecule Adsorption and Desorption from and to Aqueous Media
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Molecule Adsorption and Desorption from and to Aqueous Media

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Inorganic Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 28874

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Sebastian Schwaminger

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
Interests: magnetic nanoparticles; iron oxides; characterization; bio-nano-interactions; nanomaterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Adsorption and desorption of molecules to and from solid surfaces is a very important topic which is crucial for the origin of life and for applications in catalysis, medicine and biotechnology. Adsorption processes are very often described by theories for adsorption of gas molecules to solid surfaces. However, with water and ions adsorbed to solid state surfaces, the system is less simple to describe. Thus, new models are needed to describe the aqueous interface and the adsorption and desorption. The present Special Issue, “Molecule adsorption and desorption from and to aqueous media”, aims to assemble a diverse collection of articles describing adsorption and desorption of small and large molecules at the aqueous interface of solid state materials. In particular, contributions are welcome concerning biomolecule adsorption and desorption (e.g. amino acids, nucleic acids, DNA/RNA, peptides, proteins); the general understanding for adsorption phenomena in static and dynamic systems; the adsorption mechanisms of different molecules and mass transport phenomena at the interface. Both research articles and reviews will be considered.

Dr. Sebastian Schwaminger
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Adsorption
  • Desorption
  • Binding mechanisms
  • Biomolecule
  • Surface science
  • Mass transport

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3211 KiB  
Article
Efficient Removal of Pb(II) from Aqueous Medium Using Chemically Modified Silica Monolith
by Ashraf Ali, Sarah Alharthi, Bashir Ahmad, Alia Naz, Idrees Khan and Fazal Mabood
Molecules 2021, 26(22), 6885; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226885 - 15 Nov 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2266
Abstract
The adsorptive removal of lead (II) from aqueous medium was carried out by chemically modified silica monolith particles. Porous silica monolith particles were prepared by the sol-gel method and their surface modification was carried out using trimethoxy silyl propyl urea (TSPU) to prepare [...] Read more.
The adsorptive removal of lead (II) from aqueous medium was carried out by chemically modified silica monolith particles. Porous silica monolith particles were prepared by the sol-gel method and their surface modification was carried out using trimethoxy silyl propyl urea (TSPU) to prepare inorganic–organic hybrid adsorbent. The resultant adsorbent was evaluated for the removal of lead (Pb) from aqueous medium. The effect of pH, adsorbent dose, metal ion concentration and adsorption time was determined. It was found that the optimum conditions for adsorption of lead (Pb) were pH 5, adsorbent dose of 0.4 g/L, Pb(II) ions concentration of 500 mg/L and adsorption time of 1 h. The adsorbent chemically modified SM was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), BET/BJH and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The percent adsorption of Pb(II) onto chemically modified silica monolith particles was 98%. An isotherm study showed that the adsorption data of Pb(II) onto chemically modified SM was fully fitted with the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. It was found from kinetic study that the adsorption of Pb(II) followed a pseudo second-order model. Moreover, thermodynamic study suggests that the adsorption of Pb(II) is spontaneous and exothermic. The adsorption capacity of chemically modified SM for Pb(II) ions was 792 mg/g which is quite high as compared to the traditional adsorbents. The adsorbent chemically modified SM was regenerated, used again three times for the adsorption of Pb(II) ions and it was found that the adsorption capacity of the regenerated adsorbent was only dropped by 7%. Due to high adsorption capacity chemically modified silica monolith particles could be used as an effective adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecule Adsorption and Desorption from and to Aqueous Media)
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12 pages, 4822 KiB  
Article
The Early Adhesion Effects of Human Gingival Fibroblasts on Bovine Serum Albumin Loaded Hydrogenated Titanium Nanotube Surface
by Yuchen Sun, Ran Lu, Jingming Liu, Xin Wang, Haitao Dong and Su Chen
Molecules 2021, 26(17), 5229; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26175229 - 28 Aug 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2079
Abstract
The soft tissue sealing at the transmucal portion of implants is vital for the long-term stability of implants. Hydrogenated titanium nanotubes (H2-TNTs) as implant surface treatments were proved to promote the adhesion of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and have broad usage [...] Read more.
The soft tissue sealing at the transmucal portion of implants is vital for the long-term stability of implants. Hydrogenated titanium nanotubes (H2-TNTs) as implant surface treatments were proved to promote the adhesion of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and have broad usage as drug delivery systems. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the most abundant albumin in body fluid was crucial for cell adhesion and was demonstrated as a normal loading protein. As the first protein arriving on the surface of the implant, albumin plays an important role in initial adhesion of soft tissue cells, it is also a common carrier, transferring and loading different endogenous and exogenous substances, ions, drugs, and other small molecules. The aim of the present work was to investigate whether BSA-loaded H2-TNTs could promote the early adhesion of HGFs; H2-TNTs were obtained by hydrogenated anodized titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) in thermal treatment, and BSA was loaded in the nanotubes by vacuum drying; our results showed that the superhydrophilicity of H2-TNTs is conducive to the loading of BSA. In both hydrogenated titanium nanotubes and non-hydrogenated titanium nanotubes, a high rate of release was observed over the first hour, followed by a period of slow and sustained release; however, BSA-loading inhibits the early adhesion of human gingival fibroblasts, and H2-TNTs has the best promoting effect on cell adhesion. With the release of BSA after 4 h, the inhibitory effect of BSA on cell adhesion was weakened. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecule Adsorption and Desorption from and to Aqueous Media)
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17 pages, 5523 KiB  
Article
Performance and Mechanism of Alkylimidazolium Ionic Liquids as Corrosion Inhibitors for Copper in Sulfuric Acid Solution
by Guocai Tian and Kaitao Yuan
Molecules 2021, 26(16), 4910; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26164910 - 13 Aug 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2409
Abstract
The addition of corrosion inhibitors is an economic and environmental protection method to prevent the corrosion of copper. The adsorption, performance, and mechanism of three 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM]HSO4, [HMIM]HSO4, and [OMIM]HSO4) ionic liquids (ILs) on the [...] Read more.
The addition of corrosion inhibitors is an economic and environmental protection method to prevent the corrosion of copper. The adsorption, performance, and mechanism of three 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM]HSO4, [HMIM]HSO4, and [OMIM]HSO4) ionic liquids (ILs) on the copper surface in 0.5 M H2SO4 solutions were studied by quantum chemical calculation, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR), and molecular dynamics simulation. It is found that the main reactive site is located on the imidazolium ring (especially the C2, N4, and N7 groups). When the alkyl chain of the imidazolium ring is increasing, the molecular reactivity of the ILs and the interaction between the ILs inhibitor and copper surface are enhanced. The imidazole ring of the ILs tends to be adsorbed on Cu (111) surface in parallel through physical adsorption. The order of adsorption energy is [Bmim]HSO4 < [Hmim]HSO4 < [OMIM]HSO4, which is in agreement with the experimental order of corrosion efficiency. On the imidazole ring, the interaction between the copper surface and the C atom is greater than that between the copper surface and the N atom. It is found that ILs addition can hinder the diffusion of corrosion particles, reduce the number density of corrosion particles and slow down the corrosion rate. The order of inhibition ability of three ILs is [Bmim]HSO4 < [Hmim]HSO4 < [OMIM]HSO4,which agree well with experimental results. A reliable QSAR correlation between the inhibition corrosion efficiency and molecular reactivity parameters of the ILs was established. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecule Adsorption and Desorption from and to Aqueous Media)
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15 pages, 2059 KiB  
Article
Adsorption in Mixtures with Competing Interactions
by Marek Litniewski and Alina Ciach
Molecules 2021, 26(15), 4532; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154532 - 27 Jul 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2084
Abstract
A binary mixture of oppositely charged particles with additional short-range attraction between like particles and short-range repulsion between different ones in the neighborhood of a substrate preferentially adsorbing the first component is studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The studied thermodynamic states correspond to [...] Read more.
A binary mixture of oppositely charged particles with additional short-range attraction between like particles and short-range repulsion between different ones in the neighborhood of a substrate preferentially adsorbing the first component is studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The studied thermodynamic states correspond to an approach to the gas–crystal coexistence. Dependence of the near-surface structure, adsorption and selective adsorption on the strength of the wall–particle interactions and the gas density is determined. We find that alternating layers or bilayers of particles of the two components are formed, but the number of the adsorbed layers, their orientation and the ordered patterns formed inside these layers could be quite different for different substrates and gas density. Different structures are associated with different numbers of adsorbed layers, and for strong attraction the thickness of the adsorbed film can be as large as seven particle diameters. In all cases, similar amount of particles of the two components is adsorbed, because of the long-range attraction between different particles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecule Adsorption and Desorption from and to Aqueous Media)
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18 pages, 5191 KiB  
Article
The Mechanism of Adsorption of Rh(III) Bromide Complex Ions on Activated Carbon
by Marek Wojnicki, Andrzej Krawontka, Konrad Wojtaszek, Katarzyna Skibińska, Edit Csapó, Zbigniew Pędzich, Agnieszka Podborska and Przemysław Kwolek
Molecules 2021, 26(13), 3862; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26133862 - 24 Jun 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2041
Abstract
In the paper, the mechanism of the process of the Rh(III) ions adsorption on activated carbon ORGANOSORB 10—AA was investigated. It was shown, that the process is reversible, i.e., stripping of Rh(III) ions from activated carbon to the solution is also possible. This [...] Read more.
In the paper, the mechanism of the process of the Rh(III) ions adsorption on activated carbon ORGANOSORB 10—AA was investigated. It was shown, that the process is reversible, i.e., stripping of Rh(III) ions from activated carbon to the solution is also possible. This opens the possibility of industrial recovery of Rh (III) ions from highly dilute aqueous solutions. The activation energies for the forward and backward reaction were determined These are equal to c.a. 7 and 0 kJ/mol. respectively. Unfortunately, the efficiency of this process was low. Obtained maximum load of Rh(III) was equal to 1.13 mg per 1 g of activated carbon. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecule Adsorption and Desorption from and to Aqueous Media)
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Review

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31 pages, 3406 KiB  
Review
Factors Affecting Synthetic Dye Adsorption; Desorption Studies: A Review of Results from the Last Five Years (2017–2021)
by Eszter Rápó and Szende Tonk
Molecules 2021, 26(17), 5419; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26175419 - 6 Sep 2021
Cited by 198 | Viewed by 16758
Abstract
The primary, most obvious parameter indicating water quality is the color of the water. Not only can it be aesthetically disturbing, but it can also be an indicator of contamination. Clean, high-quality water is a valuable, essential asset. Of the available technologies for [...] Read more.
The primary, most obvious parameter indicating water quality is the color of the water. Not only can it be aesthetically disturbing, but it can also be an indicator of contamination. Clean, high-quality water is a valuable, essential asset. Of the available technologies for removing dyes, adsorption is the most used method due to its ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and high efficiency. The adsorption process is influenced by several parameters, which are the basis of all laboratories researching the optimum conditions. The main objective of this review is to provide up-to-date information on the most studied influencing factors. The effects of initial dye concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage, particle size and temperature are illustrated through examples from the last five years (2017–2021) of research. Moreover, general trends are drawn based on these findings. The removal time ranged from 5 min to 36 h (E = 100% was achieved within 5–60 min). In addition, nearly 80% efficiency can be achieved with just 0.05 g of adsorbent. It is important to reduce adsorbent particle size (with Φ decrease E = 8–99%). Among the dyes analyzed in this paper, Methylene Blue, Congo Red, Malachite Green, Crystal Violet were the most frequently studied. Our conclusions are based on previously published literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecule Adsorption and Desorption from and to Aqueous Media)
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